Biomechanics Final

Based on Jumper A vs Jumper B: which of the following statements of the knee joint is false? which one of the following statements regarding the vertical jump is false?

-knee flexion occurs between points 7 &8. -Jumper A has a lower peak knee flexion compared to Jumper B.

which of the following statements regarding projectile motion is false?

-the angle of projection has minimal effect on the horizontal velocity of a projectile. -gravity is greatest during the down phase of a projectile motion.

put the following pieces of evidence that "exercise is beneficial to bone strength in the correct order. 1) weight bearing exercise increases the loading of the bone 2) an increase in periosteal bone formation will increase bone size 3) an increase in moment of inertia is correlated to increased bone strength 4) increased loading increases osteoblast activity on the periosteal surface 5) an increase in the diameter of the bone will increase the moment of inertia of the bone

1,4,2,5,3

how many steps are in a stride?

2

what is the angular distance of the GH joint during a "lat pull-down" exercise (full cycle)? Assuming abd-add ROM is 160. what is the angular displacement?

320 and 0

for the bench press exercise, your cilent is lifting 200kg and the vertical distance that the bar is moving form start to finsh is .25m. what is the work for the concentric phase of the exercise?

490 Joules

which one of the following position changes in the above figure shows the greatest angular displacement?

A1-> A2

which one of the following position changes in the above figure shows the greatest linear displacement?

A4-> B4

which one of the following position changes in the above figure shows the greatest angular displacement

All have equal angular displacements

which one of the following statements regarding basic muscle biomechanics is false?

An increase in the number of sarcomeres in parallel will increase the peak contraction velocity

what is the running velocity of a cross country runner with a stride rate of 1.63 strides/second if she had a stride length of 1.68 meters?

SL x SR

which one of the following statements regarding basic muscle biomechanics is false?

a muscle spindle and sarcomere perform the same function.

which of the following statements regarding osteokinematics and arthokinematics is false?

a saddle joint decreases the range of motion of a joint due to its large surface area.

which one of the following position changes in the above figure shows the greatest linear displacement?

all have equal linear displacements

which one of the following statements regarding motion of the hip joint is false?

angular velocity is maximum at points 2 &4.

which one of the following measurement: unit combinations is incorrect?

angular velocity: seconds

which one of the following statements regarding motion if the ankle joint is false?

ankle plantarflexion occurs between point 4 and 5.

which of the following statements regarding kinematics of joint motion is false?

ankle plantarflexion takes place in the frontal plane

which of the following statements regarding buoyancy is false

as we float, our body tends to rotate to the vertical position because the density of our legs is less than the density of our torso

which one of the following statements regarding EMG is false?

at the same force, eccentric activity produces more muscle activity.

why are bones still hollow and strong?

because of the moment of inertia which increases the resistance to bending in hollow structures.

which of the following statements regarding linear and angular motion is false?

choking up on a bat will increase the linear velocity of the ball if angular velocity is constant.

the 3 kinematic variables include:

displacement, velocity and acceleration

which one of the following statements regarding basic muscle biomechanics is false?

fibers within a muscle are "surronded" by epimysium.

which of the following statements regarding the above data for an underhand throw if false?

flexing the elbow joint will increase the linear velocity of the wrist

which one of the following is incorrect regarding the turkish get up exercise?

from position 3b to 4a the participant is controlling gravity

which one of the following statements regarding eccentric muscle contractions is incorrect?

gravity helps increase the force production in eccentric contractions compared to concentric contractions.

which of the following statements regarding angular & linear velocity is incorrect

if angular velocity is constant: the radius has NO effect on performance.

which one of the following statements regarding motion of the knee joint is false?

knee extension occurs between points 2 &4.

which one of the following statements regarding the size principle of motor unit recruitment is incorrect?

larger motor units are recruited first when completing 15 reps of leg extensions using 20 lbs

which of the following statements regarding pronation-supination of the subtalor joint is incorrect?

lateral sprains are an injury that result from repeitive over-pronation.

which of the following statements regarding basic muscle biomechanics is false?

muscle adaptation doesn't occur after puberty

which of the following statements regarding the race car (above) is incorrect?

negative acceleration and decleration mean the same thing in car moving from point C to D. `

which of the following statements regarding the Road Race Result Analysis is incorrect?

racer 3 won the race since he had a significant increase in acceleration over the race.

which of the following statements regarding the definitions of the parts of the running cycle is incorrect (the cycle begins with right heelstrike)

right step length is measured from the point of a right heelstrike in the following right heelstrike.

which one of the following is incorrect regarding kinematics?

rotational or angular motion is the same as curvlinear motion.

which of the following statements regarding the shoulder complex is incorrect?

scapular elevation is the primary motion of the trapezius muscle.

which stimulus to greater to our muscles chronic lengthening or chronic shortening?

shortening- 40% decrease in sarcomere number

which of the following statements regarding the biomechanics of lifting is false?

sitting with a flexed lumbar spine decreases the incidence of injury in the lumbar spine

identify the 3 types of energy

strain, kinetic, and potential

which one of the following is incorrect regarding the data above the 1st and 2nd place high school runners and usain bolt?

the athlete with the greatest average speed always have the highest stride rate.

which of the following statements regarding image is false?

the axis of rotation is about the anterior-posterior axis.

which of the following statements regarding is incorrect for kinematics?

the distance traveled by an object is always less than displacement of the movement.

which one of the following statements regarding Electromyography (EMG) is false?

the electrodes can be placed anywhere on the muscle and a similar signal will be measured.

which of the following regarding an eccentric muscle contraction is incorrect?

the force generated by the muscle is always less than maximal.

which one of the following statements regarding one runner's velocity and acceleration for each mile of the Cape May to Sea Isle City marathon is incorrect?

the increase in negative acceleration during miles 17 and 18 indicate the runner is speeding up.

Which of the following regarding a concentric muscle contraction is incorrect?

the internal torque is less than the external torque

which one of the following statements regarding biceps femoris and gastrocnemius is incorrect?

the mass of the gastrocnemius is more significant in force generation than architecture of the muscle.

which of the following statements regarding the golf swing is false?

the moment of inertia of a golf club will decease with an increase club head mass.

which of the following statements regarding qualitative analysis of the pitching motion is incorrect?

the primary fundamental movement pattern in the activity is "pulling"

which of the following statements regarding Bernoulli's Principle is false?

the resultant direction of the lift force is down

which one of the following regarding force-length relationship is incorrect?

the shorter the muscle fiber the more force can be produced

which of the following statements regarding table 4.4 is incorrect

the straight leg sit up has the largest muscle activation for the rectus abdominus and the lowest compressive load on the spine

which one of the following statements regarding a jump shot is incorrect?

the take-off angle in the image is greater than 45 degrees and therefore will increase the distance of the shot.

which one of the following statements regarding sarcomeres in series and velocity is false?

the velocity of muscle fiber A is greater than muscle fiber B between 1 and 2.

which of the following statements regarding kinematics of joint motion is incorrect?

the wrist joint has 3 motions: (Flexion-extension, abduction-adduction, pronation-supination)