Biomolecules
the process when a polymer is broken down
hydrolysis
DNA contains the ______ on how to make proteins in the body
instructions
involves food storage in plants
cellulose
the structure of a fatty acid is a ______ attached to each side
chain of carbons with hydrogen
RNA creates a ______ of DNA and carries to the cytoplasm
copy
the process when two monomers are joined to make a polymer
dehydration synthesis
two monosaccharides combined
disaccharide
2 examples of lipids
fats and oils
building block of lipids
fatty acids
the building blocks of lipids
fatty acids
The ______ of organic molecules determines their function
form
Involves food storage in animals
glycogen
material made of a long, repeating chain of molecules
polymer
more than two monosaccharides combined
polysaccharide
______ determine how our bodies look and function
proteins
enzymes can be _____
reused
an unhealthy fay usually from animal sources
saturated fatty acid
The _______ of the "R" group determine the shape and function of a protein
sequence and shapes
What type of molecule are enzymes?
special proteins
provides a quick form of energy for the body (pasta)
starch
3 classes of carbohydrates
starch, glycogen, cellulose
4 categories of organic molecules
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
All organic molecules are based on ______
carbon
A monosaccharide consists of _____
carbon rings
What elements are contained in carbohydrates?
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
The ____ varies from one amino acid to another
"R" Group
How many amino acids are there?
20 amino acids
two types of nucleic acids
DNA and RNA
What molecules are used to break bonds between monomers?
Hydrogen (H) and Hydroxide (OH)
the amount of energy needed before a chemical reaction can start
activation energy
the building block of proteins
amino acids
the building blocks of proteins
amino acids
Each kind of organic molecule is built from a single type of ______
building block
The building blocks of organic molecules join together to form a _____
large polymer
Organic molecules exist in all ______
living things
enzymes _____ the activation energy and help cells break down complex molecules
lower
Single building blocks that join to form a polymer
monomers
What is the building block of carbohydrates?
monosaccharides
the building block of nucleic acids
nucleotides
the building blocks of nucleic acids
nucleotides
bond that joins amino acids together
peptide bonds
cellulose is used for _____ in plants
structural support
a specific molecule that an enzyme will bind to
substrate
The building blocks of carbohydrates
sugar
A monosaccharide is a single ______ of carbohydrates
sugar building block
3 parts of a nucleotide
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
Enzymes are affected by
temperature and pH