Biomolecules

the process when a polymer is broken down

hydrolysis

DNA contains the ______ on how to make proteins in the body

instructions

involves food storage in plants

cellulose

the structure of a fatty acid is a ______ attached to each side

chain of carbons with hydrogen

RNA creates a ______ of DNA and carries to the cytoplasm

copy

the process when two monomers are joined to make a polymer

dehydration synthesis

two monosaccharides combined

disaccharide

2 examples of lipids

fats and oils

building block of lipids

fatty acids

the building blocks of lipids

fatty acids

The ______ of organic molecules determines their function

form

Involves food storage in animals

glycogen

material made of a long, repeating chain of molecules

polymer

more than two monosaccharides combined

polysaccharide

______ determine how our bodies look and function

proteins

enzymes can be _____

reused

an unhealthy fay usually from animal sources

saturated fatty acid

The _______ of the "R" group determine the shape and function of a protein

sequence and shapes

What type of molecule are enzymes?

special proteins

provides a quick form of energy for the body (pasta)

starch

3 classes of carbohydrates

starch, glycogen, cellulose

4 categories of organic molecules

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

All organic molecules are based on ______

carbon

A monosaccharide consists of _____

carbon rings

What elements are contained in carbohydrates?

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

The ____ varies from one amino acid to another

"R" Group

How many amino acids are there?

20 amino acids

two types of nucleic acids

DNA and RNA

What molecules are used to break bonds between monomers?

Hydrogen (H) and Hydroxide (OH)

the amount of energy needed before a chemical reaction can start

activation energy

the building block of proteins

amino acids

the building blocks of proteins

amino acids

Each kind of organic molecule is built from a single type of ______

building block

The building blocks of organic molecules join together to form a _____

large polymer

Organic molecules exist in all ______

living things

enzymes _____ the activation energy and help cells break down complex molecules

lower

Single building blocks that join to form a polymer

monomers

What is the building block of carbohydrates?

monosaccharides

the building block of nucleic acids

nucleotides

the building blocks of nucleic acids

nucleotides

bond that joins amino acids together

peptide bonds

cellulose is used for _____ in plants

structural support

a specific molecule that an enzyme will bind to

substrate

The building blocks of carbohydrates

sugar

A monosaccharide is a single ______ of carbohydrates

sugar building block

3 parts of a nucleotide

sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base

Enzymes are affected by

temperature and pH