birth rate, death rate etc,

quality of life

the degree of overall satisfaction that a person gets from life

standard of living

the degree of wealth and material comfort available to a person or community.

model

A simplification of a real world situation which makes the issue easier to understand or explain. Examples include the water cycle model and the demographic transition model

economically active

People between the ages of 16 and 65. These people are normally working and pay taxes.

Demographic Transition Model

A model that tries to show how changes in birth and death rates over a period of time may be related to different stages of economic development.

population pyramid

A diagram which shows the proportion of males and females within selected age groups, usually shown as a pyramid.

old dependents

Anyone over the age of 65. These people are normally retired.

Young dependents

Anyone under the age of 16. These people are normally being cared for at home or are at school.

infant mortality rate

The average number of deaths of children under 1 year old per 1000 live births per year.

child mortality rate

The average number of deaths of children under 5 years old per 1000 live births per year.

life expectancy

The average number of years an individual can be expected to live.

migration balance

The difference between number of people moving into a country (immigration) and moving out of a country (emigration) (in a year)

natural increase

The growth in population (in a year) resulting from an excess of births over deaths. It is calculated by subtracting death rate from birth rate i.e. birth rate minus death rate. If birth rate is higher than death rate, then this is referred to as natural decrease or negative natural increase.

population growth rate

The growth in population (in a year) taking account of birth rates, death rates and migration balance. It is calculated using birth rate - death rate +/- migration

death rate

The number of deaths per thousand of the population per year.

birth rate

The number of live births per thousand of the population per year.

dependecy ratio

The relationship between those in the non-economically active age group (young + old dependents) and those in the economically active age group (adults of working age).

fertility rate

The total number of children born or likely to be born to a woman in her life time

Replacement level fertility

the total fertility rate required to offset the average number of deaths in a population in order to maintain the current population size