BLOOD

List PLASMA PROTEINS.

*PROTHROMBIN and FIBRINOGEN *SERUM ALBUMIN *ALPHA GLOBULIN and BETA GLOBULIN *GAMMA GLOBULIN (an antibody)

What are blood's 3 PRIMARY FUNCTIONS?

*Transportation (done by blood's plasma) *Regulation (temperature ?) *Protection (done by blood's WBCs)

What components make up blood's PLASMA?

*WATER *PLASMA PROTEINS *TRANSPORTED MOLECULES (nutrients, waste products, hormones, antibodies, respiratory gases)

Why is ARTERIAL BLOOD bright red?

Arterial blood is oxygenated blood. When oxygen bonds to iron of RBCs, the bonding of oxygen to iron makes iron appear bright red.

What components of blood increase blood's VISCOSITY?

BLOOD CELLS (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets?) PLASMA'S PROTEINS

How are RESPIRATORY GASSES (CO2 WASTE) transported via blood's PLASMA?

CO2 WASTE of tissues is transported, as BICARBONATE ION (HCO3-), via VENOUS BLOOD's blood PLASMA to the lungs; in the lungs, BICARBONATE ION (HCO3-) is reformed, then diffused into the alveoli, then EXHALED.

T/F Blood's plasma is a "FORMED ELEMENT".

F. Blood's plasma is a liquid element of blood.

T/F ALPHA AND BETA GLOBULINS are ANTIBODIES.

F. GAMMA GLOBULINS are ANTIBODIES (antibodies are Y-shaped IMMUNOGLOBIN PROTIENS). ALPHA AND BETA GLOBULINS carry fat in the blood.

T/F GAMMA GLOBULINS are synthesized by the liver.

F. GAMMA GLOBULINS are antibodies synthesized by LYMPHOCYTES (leukocytes are WBCs).

T/F ARTERIAL BLOOD and VENOUS BLOOD are of the same pH.

F. Venous blood is of a slightly lower pH than Arterial blood due to less oxygen and more CO2?

T/F Blood can ONLY be transfused wholly.

False. Blood can be transfused BOTH wholly OR in parts (plasma, blood cells, platelets, Factor VIII).

T/F One person's blood is ALWAYS compatible for another person.

False. One person's blood is NOT always compatible for another person. It depends on BLOOD TYPE.

T/F VENOUS BLOOD is blue.

False. Venous blood is dark red. Venous blood is only depicted as blue in images to indicate deoxygenated blood.

Which PLASMA PROTEINS is an antibody?

GAMMA GLOBULINS

How are HORMONES transported via blood's PLASMA?

HORMONES produced by the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM'S endocrine glands are transported to other organs, via blood's PLASMA.

Where do tissue's WASTE PRODUCTS go?

KIDNEYS, via blood's PLASMA.

Where does CO2 go?

LUNGS, as bicarbonate ion (HCO3-), VENOUS BLOOD'S PLASMA.

What MOLECULES are TRANSPORTED by blood's plasma?

NUTRIENTS WASTE PRODUCTS HORMONES ANTIBODIES RESPIRATORY GASES

How are NUTRIENTS transported by blood's PLASMA?

NUTRIENTS absorbed by the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM'S digestive tract transported to tissues, via blood's PLASMA.

Where do HORMONES made by endocrine glands go?

OTHER GLANDS, via blood's PLASMA.

Which PLASMA PROTEINS are synthesized by the LIVER?

PROTHROMBIN and FIBRINOGEN SERUM ALBUMIN ALPHA and BETA GLOBULINS

What do PROTHROMBIN and FIBRINOGEN do?

PROTHROMBIN and FIBRINOGEN are CLOTTING FACTORS synthesized by the LIVER, like SERUM ALBUMIN. Both PROTHROMBIN and FIBRINOGEN circulate throughout the blood and once activated, via a damaged blood vessel, they form a clot WITHIN the damaged blood vessel.

Which PLASMA PROTIENS are CLOTTING FACTORS?

PROTHROMBIN and FIBRINOGEN.

What are the "FORMED ELEMENTS" of blood?

Red Blood Cells White Blood Cells Platelets

Which PLASMA PROTEIN regulates ONCOTIC PRESSURE?

SERUM ALBUMIN

What does SERUM ALBUMIN do?

SERUM ALBUMIN regulates ONCOTIC PRESSURE by pulling tissue fluid (water?/interstitial fluid ( fluid surrounding cells)?) INTO blood CAPILLARIES and is synthesized by the LIVER, like PROTHROMBIN and FIBRINOGEN.

Where do NUTRIENTS go after absorption in the digestive tract?

TISSUES, via blood's PLASMA.

Why is VENOUS BLOOD's pH range slightly lower than ARTERIAL BLOOD's pH range?

The presence of more CO2 in VENOUS BLOOD slightly lowers its pH.

T/F Components of blood can be transfused INDIVIDUALLY; Plasma, blood cells, platelets INDIVIDUALLY can be transfused.

True. Components of blood can be transfused individually.

Why is VENOUS BLOOD dark red?

Venous blood is deoxygenated blood, with more CO2 ?

How are WASTE PRODUCTS transported by blood's PLASMA?

WASTE PRODUCTS of tissues are transported via blood's PLASMA to the URINARY'S SYSTEM'S kidneys, then excreted via urine.

What color is ARTERIAL BLOOD? a. blue b. dark red c. bright red

c. bright red

What percentage of blood is BLOOD's "FORMED ELEMENTS"?

38-48%

Blood's PLASMA makes up what percent of blood?

52-62%

What percentage of blood is BLOOD'S PLASMA?

52-62%

What is the pH RANGE of blood?

7.35-7.45 (slightly alkaline/basic)

What percentage of blood's plasma is water?

91%

What is the difference between ALPHA AND BETA GLOBULINS and GAMMA GLOBULINS?

ALPHA AND BETA GLOBULINS are synthesized by the liver that carry fat. GAMMA GLOBULINS are antibodies (antibodies are Y-shaped IMMUNOGLOBIN PROTIENS) produced by lymphocytes (leukocytes are WBCs).

Which PLASMA PROTEINS carry fats?

ALPHA and BETA GLOBULINS

What do ALPHA and BETA GLOBULINS do?

ALPHA and BETA GLOBULINS carry fats in blood's PLASMA, because fats are insoluble in blood due to blood's PLASMA'S high water content. ALPHA and BETA GLOBULINS are synthesized by the liver.

How are ANTIBODIES transported via blood's PLASMA?

ANTIBODIES produced by the LYMPHATIC SYSTEM are transported via blood's PLASMA.