Blood Chapter
Below are some of the factors involved in the extrinsic clotting pathway. 1. calcium2. tissue factor (III)3. prothrombin4. factor X5. fibrin6. clotting factor VII
2, 1, 6, 4, 3, 5
Normal temperature of blood
38 degrees Celcius (100.4 degrees Fahrenheit)
Formed elements make up about what percentage of blood?
45%
a male has ___ while a female has ___ liters of blood
5-6 and 4-5
Plasma composes about ________ percent of whole blood, and water composes ________ percent of the plasma volume.
55;92
Viscosity
5x greater that water
ph of blood
7.35-7.45
Bill wants to determine his blood type, so he takes a few drops of blood from a puncture wound in his finger and mixes it with various antisera. His blood cells agglutinate when mixed with the anti-A sera but not with the anti-B or anti-D sera. Which of the following is not true?
Bill's plasma contains Rh antibodies
blood is...
Connective tissue
The ________ is a procedure that is used to determine the number of each of the various types of white blood cells.
Differential cell count
Most of the iron removed from degraded hemoglobin is excreted by the kidneys.
False
Surface antigens on red blood cells determine how much oxygen is bound to hemoglobin.
False
The total volume of blood in the body of an adult male is approximately 9-10 liters.
False
Albumins are the most abundant plasma proteins.
True
Eosinophils are often elevated in individuals suffering from an allergic reaction.
True
RBCs typically live about 120 days. The main reason for this short lifespan in RBCs is their lack of a nucleus and thus the inability to repair themselves.
True
Which of the following is false concerning monocytes?
about same size as basophils
Which plasma protein is a major contributor to the osmotic pressure of plasma?
albumin
Plasma proteins
albumins, globulins, fibrinogen
________ is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced.
anemia
White blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury are
basophils
Hematology can detect all of the following except
body temperature
Erythropoiesis is stimulated when
both oxygen levels in the blood decrease and blood flow to the kidney declines.
Not a way that blood transports materials around the body
carbon dioxide from the lungs to the tissues
Each of the following is a way that blood transports materials around the body except
carbon dioxide from the lungs to the tissues.
The function of hemoglobin is to
carry oxygen
The function of red blood cells is to ___________.
carry oxygen from the lungs to the body's cells
Hormones called ________ are involved in regulation of white blood cell populations.
colony-stimulating factor
platelets are
cytoplasmic fragments of large cells
The level of erythropoietin in the blood would rise due to all of the following except
during periods of fasting.
White blood cells that are increased in individuals with allergic reactions are the
eosinophils
Red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone ________ which is mostly produced in the ________.
erythropoietin; kidneys
Tissue factor (Factor III) is a factor in the ________ pathway.
extrinsic
A plasma protein essential for blood coagulation is
fibrinogen
The percent fraction of formed elements relative to whole blood is the
hematocrit
More than 95 percent of the protein in a red blood cell is
hemoglobin
Plasma proteins essential in body defense are the
immunoglobulins
Pernicious anemia caused by a lack of intrinsic factor is specifically treated by
injections of vitamin B12.
Platelet factor (PF-3) is a factor in the ________ pathway.
intrinsic
Which of the following vitamins is needed for the formation of clotting factors?
k
Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by macrophages in all of the following places EXCEPT the ______________.
kidney
Which of the following is false concerning neutrophils?
less abundant than lymphocytes
Most of the protein factors that are required for clotting are synthesized by
liver
Which organ secretes most of the plasma proteins?
liver
________ are large phagocytic white cells that spend most of their time outside the blood as fixed and free phagocytic cells.
monlocyte
All of the following blood disorders are due to specific issues with RBCs except
myeloid leukemia.
Which of the following statements about blood is false?
ph of 6-7
extracellular matrix
plasma
A person's blood type is determined largely by the
presence of specific glycoproteins on the cell membrane
Albumin
protein made by liver, most abundant of the proteins, transports and contributes to osmotic pressure.
The chief differences between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the concentration of
proteins
All the circulating red blood cells originate in the
rbm
Granulocytes form in
rbm
In adults, the only site of red blood cell production and the primary site of white blood cell formation is
rbm
The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by the
release of tissue factor (Factor III) by damaged endothelium.
________ are immature erythrocytes that are present in the circulation.
reticulocytes
A condition where pathogens are present and multiplying in the blood is called
septicemia
Normal pH of blood is
slightly alkaline (7.4)
Sensitization during hemolytic disease of the newborn refers to ________________.
the mother's immune system producing antibodies against the fetus' RBC's
Sensitization during hemolytic disease of the newborn refers to
the mother's immune system producing antibodies against the fetus' RBCs.
cardiovasular system
the system consisting of the heart and blood vessels and blood
People with type AB blood are considered the "universal recipient" for transfusions because
their blood lacks A or B antibodies.
People with type AB blood are considered the "universal recipient" for transfusions because __________.
their lack of A or B antibodies
If the blood types of a donor and recipient are compatible, then
there is no reaction between antibodies and antigens.
Each of the following is a characteristic of whole blood except
viscosity same as water
The most abundant component of plasma is
water
The combination of plasma and formed elements is called
whole blood
Plasma proteins essential in body defense are the ________.
Immunoglobulins
Most of the protein factors that are required for clotting are synthesized by _____________.
Liver
Platelets are pinched off from giant multi-nucleated cells in the bone marrow called ____________.
Megakaryocytes
hematocrit measures...
RBC's in the blood sample
In adults, the only site of red blood cell production and the primary site of white blood cell formation is ______________.
Red Bone Marrow
Which of the following statements concerning red blood cells is false?
Red cells are about 18 µm in diameter.