Blood Chapter

Below are some of the factors involved in the extrinsic clotting pathway. 1. calcium2. tissue factor (III)3. prothrombin4. factor X5. fibrin6. clotting factor VII

2, 1, 6, 4, 3, 5

Normal temperature of blood

38 degrees Celcius (100.4 degrees Fahrenheit)

Formed elements make up about what percentage of blood?

45%

a male has ___ while a female has ___ liters of blood

5-6 and 4-5

Plasma composes about ________ percent of whole blood, and water composes ________ percent of the plasma volume.

55;92

Viscosity

5x greater that water

ph of blood

7.35-7.45

Bill wants to determine his blood type, so he takes a few drops of blood from a puncture wound in his finger and mixes it with various antisera. His blood cells agglutinate when mixed with the anti-A sera but not with the anti-B or anti-D sera. Which of the following is not true?

Bill's plasma contains Rh antibodies

blood is...

Connective tissue

The ________ is a procedure that is used to determine the number of each of the various types of white blood cells.

Differential cell count

Most of the iron removed from degraded hemoglobin is excreted by the kidneys.

False

Surface antigens on red blood cells determine how much oxygen is bound to hemoglobin.

False

The total volume of blood in the body of an adult male is approximately 9-10 liters.

False

Albumins are the most abundant plasma proteins.

True

Eosinophils are often elevated in individuals suffering from an allergic reaction.

True

RBCs typically live about 120 days. The main reason for this short lifespan in RBCs is their lack of a nucleus and thus the inability to repair themselves.

True

Which of the following is false concerning monocytes?

about same size as basophils

Which plasma protein is a major contributor to the osmotic pressure of plasma?

albumin

Plasma proteins

albumins, globulins, fibrinogen

________ is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced.

anemia

White blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury are

basophils

Hematology can detect all of the following except

body temperature

Erythropoiesis is stimulated when

both oxygen levels in the blood decrease and blood flow to the kidney declines.

Not a way that blood transports materials around the body

carbon dioxide from the lungs to the tissues

Each of the following is a way that blood transports materials around the body except

carbon dioxide from the lungs to the tissues.

The function of hemoglobin is to

carry oxygen

The function of red blood cells is to ___________.

carry oxygen from the lungs to the body's cells

Hormones called ________ are involved in regulation of white blood cell populations.

colony-stimulating factor

platelets are

cytoplasmic fragments of large cells

The level of erythropoietin in the blood would rise due to all of the following except

during periods of fasting.

White blood cells that are increased in individuals with allergic reactions are the

eosinophils

Red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone ________ which is mostly produced in the ________.

erythropoietin; kidneys

Tissue factor (Factor III) is a factor in the ________ pathway.

extrinsic

A plasma protein essential for blood coagulation is

fibrinogen

The percent fraction of formed elements relative to whole blood is the

hematocrit

More than 95 percent of the protein in a red blood cell is

hemoglobin

Plasma proteins essential in body defense are the

immunoglobulins

Pernicious anemia caused by a lack of intrinsic factor is specifically treated by

injections of vitamin B12.

Platelet factor (PF-3) is a factor in the ________ pathway.

intrinsic

Which of the following vitamins is needed for the formation of clotting factors?

k

Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by macrophages in all of the following places EXCEPT the ______________.

kidney

Which of the following is false concerning neutrophils?

less abundant than lymphocytes

Most of the protein factors that are required for clotting are synthesized by

liver

Which organ secretes most of the plasma proteins?

liver

________ are large phagocytic white cells that spend most of their time outside the blood as fixed and free phagocytic cells.

monlocyte

All of the following blood disorders are due to specific issues with RBCs except

myeloid leukemia.

Which of the following statements about blood is false?

ph of 6-7

extracellular matrix

plasma

A person's blood type is determined largely by the

presence of specific glycoproteins on the cell membrane

Albumin

protein made by liver, most abundant of the proteins, transports and contributes to osmotic pressure.

The chief differences between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the concentration of

proteins

All the circulating red blood cells originate in the

rbm

Granulocytes form in

rbm

In adults, the only site of red blood cell production and the primary site of white blood cell formation is

rbm

The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by the

release of tissue factor (Factor III) by damaged endothelium.

________ are immature erythrocytes that are present in the circulation.

reticulocytes

A condition where pathogens are present and multiplying in the blood is called

septicemia

Normal pH of blood is

slightly alkaline (7.4)

Sensitization during hemolytic disease of the newborn refers to ________________.

the mother's immune system producing antibodies against the fetus' RBC's

Sensitization during hemolytic disease of the newborn refers to

the mother's immune system producing antibodies against the fetus' RBCs.

cardiovasular system

the system consisting of the heart and blood vessels and blood

People with type AB blood are considered the "universal recipient" for transfusions because

their blood lacks A or B antibodies.

People with type AB blood are considered the "universal recipient" for transfusions because __________.

their lack of A or B antibodies

If the blood types of a donor and recipient are compatible, then

there is no reaction between antibodies and antigens.

Each of the following is a characteristic of whole blood except

viscosity same as water

The most abundant component of plasma is

water

The combination of plasma and formed elements is called

whole blood

Plasma proteins essential in body defense are the ________.

Immunoglobulins

Most of the protein factors that are required for clotting are synthesized by _____________.

Liver

Platelets are pinched off from giant multi-nucleated cells in the bone marrow called ____________.

Megakaryocytes

hematocrit measures...

RBC's in the blood sample

In adults, the only site of red blood cell production and the primary site of white blood cell formation is ______________.

Red Bone Marrow

Which of the following statements concerning red blood cells is false?

Red cells are about 18 µm in diameter.