Bloodbank Final 1

When 1000 donors were tested, 75% were positive for C and 25% were negative for C; the gene frequency of C is:

0.5

At what temperature do IgM antibodies react?

22 C

A human gamete (egg or sperm) contains how many chromosomes?

23 chromosomes

In the normal hemoglobin oxygen dissociation curve, what percentage of oxygen is released to the tissues when PO2 averages 40 mmHg?

25%

At what temperature do IgG antibodies react optimally?

37 C

The diploid chromosomes number in humans is:

46

Which blood group antibodies are known to activate complement leading to intravascular hemolysis?

ABO

A woman with blood group A marries a man with blood group O. Their first bone child has blood group O. The mother's most probable genotype is:

AO

Which red cell preservative has a storage time of 35 days?

CPDA-1

What MHC Class encodes complement components?

Class III

What class of immunoglobulin is capable of crossing the placenta?

IgG

Which immunoglobulin is found in greatest concentration in serum?

IgG

What immunoglobulin exists in a pentameric configuration?

IgM

Which of the following statements are false concerning the structure of immunoglobulins?

IgM participates in placental trasfer

In an immune response, _____ antibodies are formed before ______.

IgM, IgG

Which metabolic pathway permits the accumulation of 2,3 DPG?

Luebering-Rapoport shunt

In the MN blood group system, a person who inherits and "M" allele and "N" allele expresses both M and N antigens on the red blood cells. Which of the following is true?

M and N are codominant alleles

Which of the following is representative of the "central dogma" of molecular biology?

The basic information of life flows from DNA through RNA to proteins

What is meant by the term "autosomal"?

Trait is not carried on the sex chromosomes

A father carries the Xga trait and passes it on to all of his daughters, but none of his sons. What type of inheritance does this represents?

X-linked dominant

What does hemolysis represent in an antigen-antibody reaction?

a positive result

What is the definition of an immunoglobulin?

a protein molecule produced in response to an antigen

How is RNA different from DNA?

all of the above

What does polyspecific AHG contain?

all of the above

Which of the following must be true when using the Hardy-Weinberg equation?

all of the above

Alternate forms of a gene that can occur at a single chromosome locus are referred to as:

alleles

A gene, such as the O gene, that produces no detectable product is called:

an amorph

How is it genetically possible for a child to type Rh negative?

both parents are (Dd)

How is the classical pathway of complement activated?

by binding of antigen with antibody

Which of the following best describes the process of mitosis?

cell division that produces two daughter cells having the same number of chromosomes as the parent

How do restriction endonucleases function?

cut DNA into smaller fragments

All of the following are consistent with a "shift to the right" of the hemoglobin oxygen dissociation curve except:

decreased 2,3 DPG

All of the following are functions performed by the complement system except:

decreased vascular permeability

Only 5% OF Kell-negative individuals will develop antibodies to Kell if exposed tot eh Kell antigen, whereas 50% to 70% of Rh (D) negative individuals would produce antibodies to D upon exposure. What is the reason for this?

difference in immunogenicity

What is a vector?

extrachromosomal genetic element that can carry a recombinant DNA molecule into a host bacterial cell

All of the following are factors of antigens that affect the type and extent of immune response except:

genetic locus

which metabolic pathway is responsible for generating 90% of the ATP for the RBC?

glycolysis

The portion of the immunoglobulin molecule which determine class:

heavy chain

In Mendel's law of separation, the first-filial generation is:

heterozygous

All of the following biochemical changes are associated with loss of red cell viability upon storage except:

increased ATP level

In an immune response, what is the time called in which no antibody is detected in test serum?

latency period

Which of the following metabolic pathway is responsible for maintaining heme iron in the ferrous (Fe) state?

methemoglobin reductase

IgG-coated red cells will be phagocytized by what effector cells?

monocytes/macrophages

When an individual is said to have blood group A, it refers to the individual's:

phenotype

What is the function of mononuclear phagocytes?

present processed antigen to lymphocytes

A patient with multiple myeloma exhibits rouleaux formation in an immediate spin crossmatch. What procedure is recommended to distinguish true red cell agglutination from nonspecific agglutination?

saline dilution

What would the hemoglobin oxygen dissociation curve depict in a patient exhibiting clinical signs of alkalosis?

shift to the left

What is the function of helicases and gyrases in the polymerase chain reaction?

to unwind the DNA

Which of the following corresponds to the basic structure of immunoglobulin?

two light chains and two heavy chains held together by covalent disulfide bonds

What is responsible for recognition of the antibody-binding sit to homologous antigen?

variable region of light/heavy chain