BLS/Healthcare Providers
What is the ratio of compressions to breaths for a CHILD in TWO rescuer CPR?
15 compressions and 2 rescue breaths
What is the ratio of compressions to breaths for a CHILD in two rescuer CPR?
15 compressions and 2 rescue breaths
What is the ratio of compressions to breaths for a INFANT in 2 rescuer CPR?
15 compressions and 2 rescue breaths
What is the ratio of compressions to breaths for a INFANT in two rescuer CPR?
15 compressions and 2 rescue breaths
What is the compression-ventilation ratio for 2-rescuer CPR in CHILDREN?
15:2 ratio for 2-rescuer child CPR
What is the ratio of compressions to breaths for an ADULT in two rescuer CPR?
30 compressions and 2 rescue breaths
What is the ratio of chest compressions to ventilation in CHILD and infant CPR one person ?
30 to 2
What is the ratio of chest compressions to ventilation in one person ADULT CPR?
30 to 2
The compression to ventilation ratio for the lone rescuer giving CPR to victims of ANY age is:
30:2
The 2010 AHA Guidelines for CPR recommended BLS sequence of steps are: Chest compressions, Airway, Breathing Airway, Breathing, Check Pulse Airway, Breathing, Chest Compressions
Chest compressions, Airway, Breathing
In advanced airway, you should give a breath every how many seconds?
1 breath every 6 to 8 seconds (8 to 10 breaths per minute)
For a CHILD, from whom would you obtain consent to give care?
A parent or guardian
When using a BVM, how often should you give rescue breaths?
A rescuer should give 1 ventilation about every 3 seconds.
When using a BVM,Bag-Valve Mask) for ADULT how often should you give rescue breaths?
A rescuer should give 1 ventilation about every 5 seconds
How far do you compress the chest of a CHILD?
APPROXIMATELY 2 inches or at least one third of the anterior-posterior depth of the chest.
At what rate do you do compressions for ADULTS?
Compress at a rate of at least 100/min with a depth of at LEAST 2 inches for adults.
What is the recommended compression depth in INFANTS?
Compression depth is at least one third of the anterior-posterior of the infant's chest, or APPROXIMATELY 1 1/2 inches (4 cm),
How far do you compress the chest of an ADULT?
At LEAST 2 inches
Where should you attempt to perform a pulse check in a CHILD from 1 year of age to puberty? Brachial artery Carotid or Femoral artery Ulnar artery Temporal artery
Carotid or Femoral artery
What should you do to reduce the risk of gastric inflation?
Deliver air until you make the victim's chest rise.
How do you know you are providing effective breaths?
Deliver breaths that produce visible chest rise.
Where do most out of hospital cardiac arrests occur?
In the home
What is the correct hand position for two rescuer CPR compressions on an INFANT?
Place your thumbs Side by side in the center of the chest just below the nipple line.(lower half of the breastbone) Encircle the infants chest and support the back with your fingers of both hands.
Agonal Gasps
are not normal breathing, may be present in the first minutes after sudden cardiac arrest.
What is the best position for the victim to be in when you are doing CPR?
flat on the floor
If you give breaths too quickly or with too much force what will this cause
gastric inflation
Healthcare providers should take no more than how many seconds to check for a pulse?
no more than 10 seconds.
If unwitness arrest on a CHILD and you are alone what should you do?
provide 5 cycles or about 2 minutes of CPR before leaving the child to activate the emergency response system and get the ADC(or defibrillator
What do compressions do?
pump the blood in the heart to the rest of the body.
Hairy chest what should you do if the pads don't stick
shave the area with an razor
What should you do if the victim has dentures?
Leave them in if they are positioned properly
The preferred way to check for breathing is:
Look at the chest to see if it rises and listen and feel for air coming from the person's nose or mouth
What is the first thing the first rescuer should do when he or she reaches the patient?
Make sure the scene is safe for you and the victim.
How do you check an INFANT's pulse?
On the brachial artery. Place one hand on the infant's forehead and 2 fingers of the other hand on the inside of the upper arm, between the infant's elbow and shoulder, press lightly.
What is the first step you take when operating an AED?
POWER ON the AED
If you do not feel a pulse up to 10 seconds, or not sure if you do, then what should you perform?
Perform 5 cycles of compressions and breaths (30:2 ratio)
What is the first step when you perform a head tilt-chin lift?
Place one hand on the victim's forehead and push with your palm to tilt the head back.
Where do you attach the AED pads for an ADULT?
Place one pad on the victim's upper-right chest and the other pad on the lower-left side.
Where do you attach the AED pads for a child or infant?
Place one pediatric pad on the child's upper-right chest and the other pad on the lower-left side. If the pads risk touching, place them in the anterior/posterior position. Place one pad on the child's chest and the other pad on the back, between the shoulder blades.
What is the correct way to place your hands to give compressions for a CHILD?
Place the heel of one hand on the center of the chest (on the lower half of the sternum). Place the other hand on top
What is the correct way to place your hands to give compressions for an a ADULT?
Place the heel of one hand on the center of the chest (on the lower half of the sternum). Place the other hand on top.
What is the recovery position?
Placing the victim on his or her side
Signs of airway obstruction include which of the following?
Poor air exchange High-pitched noise while inhaling Inability to speak
The proper steps for oreperating an AED are
Power on the AED, attach electode pads, analyze the rhythm, clear the patient, deliver shock
What steps should you follow to give chest compressions to an INFANT using the 2 thumb-encircling hands technique?
Preferred 2- rescuer First, encircle the infant's chest and support the infant's back with the fingers of both hands. The continue compressions and breaths in a ratio of 15:2, switching roles every 2 minutes.
The pediatric Chain of Survival
Prevention of arrest, Early high quality bystander CPR, Rapid activation of the EMS (or other emergency response system, Effective advanced life support (including rapid stabilization and transport to definitive care and rehabilitation) Integrated post-cardiac arrest care
What is the correct way to place your hands to give compressions for anINFANT?
Put 2 or 3 fingers on the center of the chest just below the nipple line (on the lower half of the sternum). Keep one hand on the infant's forehead
When performing chest compressions in an ADULT, how should you position yourself?
Put the heel of one hand on the center of the victim's chest on the lower half of the breastbone.
If you see the object, how do you remove it from the victim's mouth?
Remove the object with your index finger by sliding it along the inside of the cheek, using a hooking motion to sweep the object out. For an infant, use your little finger.
What are the specific duties of rescuer 2?
Rescuer 2 should mantain an open airway and give breaths, watching for chest to rise and avoiding excessive ventilation.
If the first 2 rescue breaths do not make the chest clearly rise, what is your next step?
Retilt the head and give another ventilation.
If you are alone and find an unresponsive ADULT victim, what should you do?
Shout for help. activate the emergency response system, get an AED and the return to the victim, to check the pulse and begin CPR.(30:2 ratio)
How far do you tilt the CHILD's head to open the airway?
Slightly past the neutral position
How far do you tilt the CHILD's head to open the airway?
Slightly past the neutral position, but not as far as you would for an adult
To give back blows or abdominal thrusts to a CHILD where would you position yourself?
Stand or kneel behind the child, depending on his or her size.
To give back blows or abdominal thrusts, where would you position yourself?
Stand or kneel behind the victim and wrap your arms around the victim's waist.
The proper way to determine unresponsiveness is?
Tap the victim and shout are you OK.
What technique requires instruction and practice and in not recommended by a lone rescuer?
The bag-mask ventilation technique
What is the rate of compressions for an ADULT, child and infant?
The rate of compressions for any age of victim is at least 100 per minute. 30 compressions should take about 18 seconds.
What is the best way to open to airway prior to giving mouth to mouth ventilations?
Tilt the head back and lift the chin up
How far do you tilt an INFANT's head to open the airway?
To the neutral position
After dialing 911 to report a cardiac arrest, what should you do?
Unlock the door, and start CPR
When should you use a jaw thrust?
Use a jaw thrust only if you suspect a head or neck injury.
What should you use on victims younger than 8 years of age?
Use child pads if available. If you do not have child pads, you may use adult pads. Place the pads so that they do not tough each other.
When giving back blows or abdominal thrusts, what is one key item about the amount of force to use to keep in mind?
Use less force when giving back blows and abdominal thrusts to a child. Using too much force may cause internal injuries
Chocking :What if the victim is obviously pregnant, known to be pregnant or too large to reach around?
Chest thrusts instead of abdominal thrusts may be required.
CHILD 2 rescuers should change positions regularly. When?
Do about 2 minutes of compressions and breaths, then change positions. This would be about 9 cycles for a child.
The two rescuers should change positions regularly.for a CHILD When?
Do about 2 minutes of compressions and breaths, then change positions. This would be about 9 cycles for a child.
If a choking victim becomes unresponsive, then what should you do?
Activate the emergency response system. Then lower the victim to the ground and begin CPR, starting with compressions (do not check for a pulse).
The 5 links in the ADUALT Chain of Survival include all of the following EXCEPT: Early CPR Rapid Defibrillation Advanced airway placement Integrated Post-Cardiac Arrest Care
Advanced airway placement
How often should rescuers switch roles when performing 2-rescuer CPR? After every cycle of CPR After every 2 cycles of CPR After every 5 cycles of CPR After every 10 cycles of CPR
After every 5 cycles of CPR
The critical characteristics of high-quality CPR include which of the following? Starting chest compressions within 10 seconds of recognition of cardiac arrest Push hard and fast Allow complete chest recoil Minimize interruptions Give effective breaths Avoid excessive ventilation All of the above
All of the above
In an ADULT with an advanced airway in place during 2-rescuer CPR, breaths should be administered how often? Every 2 to 3 seconds ( 20 to 30 breaths per minute) Every 4 to 5 seconds ( 12 to 15 breaths per minute) Every 6 to 8 seconds ( 8 to 10 breaths per minute) Every 10 to 12 seconds ( 5 to 6 breaths per minute)
Every 6 to 8 seconds ( 8 to 10 breaths per minute)
The initial Basic Life Support (BLS) steps for ADULTS are: Assess the victim, give 2 rescue breaths, defibrillate, start CPR Assess the victim, activate EMS and get AED, check pulse, start CPR Check pulse, give rescue breaths, assess the victim, defibrillate Assess the victim, start CPR, give 2 rescue breaths, defibrillate
Assess the victim, activate EMS and get AED, check pulse, start CPR
How do you check an INFANT'S for consciousness?
Gently tap the shoulder or flick the bottom of the foot.
What is the guideline for rescue breathing for infants and CHILDRENS?
Give 1 breath every 3 to 5 seconds (about 12 to 20 breaths per minute)
What are the 2 methods for opening the airway and provide breaths?
Head tilt-chin lift and jaw thrust.
When operating an AED and no shock is needed, what do you do?
If no shock in needed, and after any shock delivery, immediately resume CPR, starting with chest compressions.
The ADULT chain of survival ECC (emergency cardiovascular care)
Immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the emergency response system, Early Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) with an emphasis on chest compressions, Rapid defibrillation, Effective advanced life support, Integrated post-cardiac arrest care
What are the steps taken to relieve choking in a responsive infant?
Deliver up to 5 back slaps forcefully between the infant's shoulder blades, using the heel of your hand. Then provide up to 5 quick downward chest thrubs in the middle of the chest over the lower half of the breastbone.
The two rescuers should change positions regularly. When? for ADULT
Do about 2 minutes of compressions and breaths, then change positions. This would be about 5 cycles for an adult.
