Bob Jones Life Science Chapter 19C-19D

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found in the heart pumps blood through the heart striated involuntary

List the 4 characteristics of cardiac muscles.

attached to bones move body parts striated voluntary

List the 4 characteristics of skeletal muscles.

found in the walls of internal organs and blood vessels move substances through the body nonstriated (not striped) involuntary

List the 4 characteristics of smooth muscles.

spongy bone

What are the ends of the bones made up of?

provides support, protects organs, stores minerals, and produces blood cells

What are the functions of the skeletal system?

skeletal, smooth, and cardiac

What are the three groups of muscles?

cartilage and bone

What are the two tissues that make up bones?

elbow and knee

What are two examples of a hinge joint?

skull

What bone protects the brain?

ribs

What bones protect the lungs and heart?

vertebrae

What bones protect the spinal cord?

wasting away of the cartilage

What causes arthritis?

lack of minerals

What causes osteoporosis?

ligaments

What connects bone to bone?

tendons

What connects muscle to bone?

it is hollow

What does the inside of a long bone look like?

it turns to bone

What happens to the cartilage of an embryo as it grows?

joint

What is a place where two or more bones meet?

vertebrate

What is an example of a gliding joint?

arthritis

What is inflammation of a joint?

Osteoporosis

What is the condition in which the body's bones become weak and break easily?

marrow cavity

What is the name of the hollow cavity of a bone?

osteon

What is the name of the microscopic unit of a bone that consists of blood vessels and a layer of hard, nonliving material around it?

to provide cushion and smooth movements

What is the purpose of cartilage on the end of bones?

cartilage

What is the soft and flexible connective tissue that does not contain blood vessels?

periosteum

What is the tough, white tissue that covers the surface of a bone?

bone

What is the type of connective tissue that consists of living bone cells and the nonliving material they secrete?

calcium and phosphorus

What minerals are needed for strong bones and teeth?

striated muscle

What name is given to muscles that have stripes?

complete fracture

What type of fracture occurs when a bone is broken all the way through?

endoskeleton

What type of skeletons do humans have?

red bone marrow

Where are blood cells produced?

inside the bone

Where is bone marrow found?

yellow bone marrow

Which bone marrow is found in older people and is made up of fatty tissue?

red bone marrow

Which bone marrow produces blood cells?

compound fracture

Which fractures occur when the bone splinters or breaks completely through the skin?

hinge

Which joint bends in only one direction?

shoulder and hip

Which joints are ball and socket?

bones of the skull

Which joints are considered to be fused joints?

joints between the radius and ulna

Which joints are pivot joints?

fused

Which joints do not allow any movement?

pivot

Which joints have circular movements?

ball and socket

Which joints have free rotating movement?

gliding

Which joints slide and twist in almost any direction?

voluntary muscles

Which muscles can we control?

skeletal

Which muscles move the skeleton?

heart, stomach, intestines, blood vessels

Which organs have involuntary muscles?

simple fracture

Which type of fracture occurs when a bone is broken cleanly; the ends do not penetrate the skin?

incomplete fracture

Which type of fracture occurs when there is only a crack in the bone, not a break?

smooth

Which type of muscle tissue lacks striations (stripes)?

involuntary

Which type of muscles can we not control?

older people

Who typically suffers from osteoporosis?

younger

Whose bones can heal faster, younger or older people?

move the body or substances through the body

Why do the muscles of the body contract?

pull

Muscles can only _______________, they never push.

the ends

On what part of the bone would you find cartilage?


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