Bob Jones Life Science Chapter 19C-19D
found in the heart pumps blood through the heart striated involuntary
List the 4 characteristics of cardiac muscles.
attached to bones move body parts striated voluntary
List the 4 characteristics of skeletal muscles.
found in the walls of internal organs and blood vessels move substances through the body nonstriated (not striped) involuntary
List the 4 characteristics of smooth muscles.
spongy bone
What are the ends of the bones made up of?
provides support, protects organs, stores minerals, and produces blood cells
What are the functions of the skeletal system?
skeletal, smooth, and cardiac
What are the three groups of muscles?
cartilage and bone
What are the two tissues that make up bones?
elbow and knee
What are two examples of a hinge joint?
skull
What bone protects the brain?
ribs
What bones protect the lungs and heart?
vertebrae
What bones protect the spinal cord?
wasting away of the cartilage
What causes arthritis?
lack of minerals
What causes osteoporosis?
ligaments
What connects bone to bone?
tendons
What connects muscle to bone?
it is hollow
What does the inside of a long bone look like?
it turns to bone
What happens to the cartilage of an embryo as it grows?
joint
What is a place where two or more bones meet?
vertebrate
What is an example of a gliding joint?
arthritis
What is inflammation of a joint?
Osteoporosis
What is the condition in which the body's bones become weak and break easily?
marrow cavity
What is the name of the hollow cavity of a bone?
osteon
What is the name of the microscopic unit of a bone that consists of blood vessels and a layer of hard, nonliving material around it?
to provide cushion and smooth movements
What is the purpose of cartilage on the end of bones?
cartilage
What is the soft and flexible connective tissue that does not contain blood vessels?
periosteum
What is the tough, white tissue that covers the surface of a bone?
bone
What is the type of connective tissue that consists of living bone cells and the nonliving material they secrete?
calcium and phosphorus
What minerals are needed for strong bones and teeth?
striated muscle
What name is given to muscles that have stripes?
complete fracture
What type of fracture occurs when a bone is broken all the way through?
endoskeleton
What type of skeletons do humans have?
red bone marrow
Where are blood cells produced?
inside the bone
Where is bone marrow found?
yellow bone marrow
Which bone marrow is found in older people and is made up of fatty tissue?
red bone marrow
Which bone marrow produces blood cells?
compound fracture
Which fractures occur when the bone splinters or breaks completely through the skin?
hinge
Which joint bends in only one direction?
shoulder and hip
Which joints are ball and socket?
bones of the skull
Which joints are considered to be fused joints?
joints between the radius and ulna
Which joints are pivot joints?
fused
Which joints do not allow any movement?
pivot
Which joints have circular movements?
ball and socket
Which joints have free rotating movement?
gliding
Which joints slide and twist in almost any direction?
voluntary muscles
Which muscles can we control?
skeletal
Which muscles move the skeleton?
heart, stomach, intestines, blood vessels
Which organs have involuntary muscles?
simple fracture
Which type of fracture occurs when a bone is broken cleanly; the ends do not penetrate the skin?
incomplete fracture
Which type of fracture occurs when there is only a crack in the bone, not a break?
smooth
Which type of muscle tissue lacks striations (stripes)?
involuntary
Which type of muscles can we not control?
older people
Who typically suffers from osteoporosis?
younger
Whose bones can heal faster, younger or older people?
move the body or substances through the body
Why do the muscles of the body contract?
pull
Muscles can only _______________, they never push.
the ends
On what part of the bone would you find cartilage?