BOC review
The National Athletic Trainers' Association is made up of how many districts? 9 12 8 11 10
10
The energy produced from the breakdown of nutrient food items is used to produce: ADP Glucose Glycogen ATP Lactic Acid
ATP
The energy produced from the breakdown of nutrient food stuffs is used to produce: ATP Glucose Glycogen ADP
ATP
Sever's disease is a traction-type injury at the epiphysis of an apophysis commonly seen at the: Achilles tendon attachment of the calcaneous Tibialis posterior attachment on the Navicular Extensor Hallucis longus attachment on the great toe Peronel attachment on the fifth metatarsal
Achilles tendon attachment of the calcaneous
In football, the greatest force is placed on which bony process? Acromion process Clavicle Coracoid process Spine of the scapula
Acromion process
What nerve can be damaged in an anterior glenohumeral dislocation? Axillary nerve Median nerve Musculocutaneous nerve Radial nerve
Axillary nerve
In a glenohumeral dislocation, the glenoid labrum can be damaged or avulsed from the anterior lip of the glenoid fossa, leading to what type of injury? Anterior deformity Anterior stress lesion Bankart lesion Impingement lesion
Bankart lesion
An articular fracture-dislocation to the proximal end of the first metacarpal is called a(n): Bennett's fracture Bowler's thumb Galeazzi fracture Monteggia fracture
Bennett's Fracture
An articular fracture-dislocation to the proximal end of the first metacarpal is called a(n): Colles Fracture Mongeggia Fracture Galeazzi Fracture Bowler's Fracture Bennett's Fracture
Bennett's fracture
Drugs that help you keep a steady hand, decreases the heart rate, and keep nervousness to a minimum are called: Corticosteroids Narcotic Analgesics Enzymes Beta Blockers
Beta Blockers
A blow to the face that fractures the thin bone on the inferior aspect of the eye orbit is called a: Mandibular fracture Temporal fracture Barotrauma fracture Blowout fracture
Blowout fracture
The substance that increases vessel permeability and stimulates nerve endings to cause pain is: Bradykinin Histamine Prostaglandins Morphine Serotonin
Bradykinin
Which organization is responsible for establishing the essential and guideline fro academic athletic training programs? BOC (Board of Certification) ACSM (American College of Sports Medicine) APTA (American Physical Therapy Association) NATA (National Athletic Trainers' Association) CAATE (Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education)
CAATE
Which of the following ankle ligaments is not part of the deltoid ligament? Anterior tibiotalar ligament Calcaneocuboid ligament Tibiocalcaneal ligament Tibionavicular ligament
Calcaneocuboid ligament
A blow-out fracture of the eye: Is caused by an object striking the forehand Is more common in athletes with nearsightedness Can result in double vision Causes hemorrhage around the superior margin of the eye
Can result in double vision
A positive Phalen's sign indicates what? Moron's Neuroma Carpal tunnel syndrome Ulanr nerve pathology Fractured scaphoid bone
Carpal tunnel syndrome
The tapping sign over the transverse carpal ligament tests for: Arterial impingement Ganglions Tenosynovitis of flexor tendons Carpal tunnel syndrome
Carpal tunnel syndrome
A hematoma of the pinna is indicative of what? Tibial epiphysitis Boxer's fracture Morton's Neuroma Blocker's exostosis Cauliflower ear
Cauliflower ear
When referring to the body, superior and inferior correspond to: Proximal and distal Cephalad and caudal Anterior and posterior Medial and lateral
Cephalad (head) and caudal (tail)
What plexus is responsible for innervating the diaphragm? Brachial Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral
Cervical
A heel bruise may develop into what condition? Myositis ossificans Tibial periositis Chronic inflammation of the periosteum Talar periositis
Chronic inflammation of the periosteum
The introduction of anti-inflammatory drugs through the skin with ultrasound is called what? Cavitation Iontophoresis Phonophoresis TENS
Phonophoresis
In managing a scrotal contusion, the first responsibility is what? Apply cold to the area Reduce testicular spasm Apply pressure to the area Call a physician
Reduce testicular spasm
Prostaglandins act to: Reduce edema Stimulate vasoconstriction Sensitize tissues to painful stimuli Limit the inflammatory response
Sensitize tissues to painful stimuli
Which of the following is correct? The elbow is proximal to the shoulder The knee is proximal to the ankle The thumb is on the medial side of the hand In anatomical position, the forearms are pronated In anatomical position, the shoulder are flexed
The knee is proximal to the ankle
Hyperextension of the MTP joint of the great toe is called: Claw toe Hammer toe Paronychia Turf Toe
Turf toe
When fitting a football helmet, the face guard should be: One finger width from the tip of the nose The proper size for the position played Two to three finger widths from the tip of the nose Three to four finger widths from the tip of the nose
Two to three finger widths from the tip of the nose
If an athlete complains of burning and tingling or paresthesia to the fourth and fifth fingers, what structures may be damaged? Flexor digiti minimi Interosseus muscles Median nerve Ulnar nerve
Ulnar nerve
Which of the following is considered a penetrating thermotherapy modality? Paraffin Ultrasound Hydrotherapy Moist Heat Packs
Ultrasound
Anteromedial instability of the knee indicates damage to all of the following structures except: Anterior Cruciate Medial meniscus Medial Collateral Vastus Medialis
Vastus Medialis
palmar and dorsal interossei of the hand primarily control which of the following movements of the digits? Adduction/extension Adduction/flexion Abduction/flexion Abduction/extension Abduction/adduction
abduction/adduction
In order to produce physiological effects in the body, energy must first be: Refracted Reflected Sensed Absorbed
absorbed
Massage is contraindicated in the presence of: Muscle Spasm Scar Tissue Acute Inflammatory process Joint contracture Edema
acute inflammatory process
When conditioning as a young athlete, it is important to follow which guidelines? Their bodies adapt to the same training routines They are not aware of the different levels of effort they can expend. Extreme intensity puts them at risk for overuse injury. All of the above
all of the above
Which of the following is a prevalent cause of exercise induced death? Anomalous origin of the coronary artery Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Marfan's syndrome All of the above
all of the above-- anomalous origin of the coronary artery, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and marfan's syndrome are all prevalent causes of exercise induced death
The term that describes when an athlete generally acknowledges that hazards are present in sports is what? Assumption of Risk Liability Reasonable Care Tort Comparative Negligence
assumption of risk
A fungal infection known as Tinea Pedis cause: Genital warts Plantar warts Paronychia Freiberg's disease Athlete's foot
athlete's foot
An athlete who sustains a mild injury to cervical nerve roots five and six is most likely to experience weakness in both the deltoid and the: Supraspinatus Trapezius Triceps Biceps
biceps
The formal process of obtaining written price quotes from different vendors for the same piece of equipment is known as what? Bidding Vending Requisitioning Soliciting Bargaining
bidding
The substance that increases vessel permeability and stimulates nerve endings to cause pain is: Prostaglandins Histamine Bradykinin Serotonin
bradykinin
Pain that subsides during activity may be indicative of what? Acute Injury Chronic condition or inflammation Nerve Injury Soft tissue injury Injury to the Bone
chronic condition or inflammation
Which of the following materials used for fabricating protective padding provides the best shock absorbency? Closed-Cell Open-Cell Neoprene Felt Felt-Foam
closed-cell
Severe intra-abdominal pain associated with obstruction of largely muscular hollow tubes is referred to as: Colic Dysuria Dysphagia Hematochezia
colic
Which of the following is not a primary elbow flexor? Coracobrachialis Brachioradialis Biceps Brachii Brachialis
coracobrachialis
Antidotes: Are used to kill Prevent the development of new bacteria Counteract the action of a poison Relieve flatulence Depress blood pressure
counteract the action of a poison
Which of the following bones is note located on the medial aspect of the foot? All of the bones are on the medial aspect of the foot. First metatarsal First cuneiform Cuboid Navicular
cuboid (lateral side)
The net movement of electrons from a higher potential to a lower potential is: Ampere Volt Current Ohm Force
current
Which of the following signs and symptoms are associated with a gradual onset of a subdural hematoma? Epistaxis Increased Pulse Rate Hematuria Deterioration of Consciousness Raccoon eyes
deterioration of consciousness
In a complete acromioclavicular dislocation, which of the following structures become prominent? Manubrium of the Sternum Distal end of the clavicle Acromion Process Coracoid Process Spine of the scapula
distal end of clavicle
During strenuous exercise, a diabetic's insulin requirement: Is usually increased Depends on the athlete's diet Does not change Is unpredictable Is often markedly reduced
does not change
In chronic anterior compartment syndrome, what movement is weak and limited? Plantar Flexion Dorsi Flexion Inversion Eversion Pronation
dorsiflexion
Psychogenic shock is most commonly referred to as what? A stroke Fainting A Convulsion A Transient ischemic attack
fainting
Which nerve innervates the quadriceps? Common Peroneal Femoral Tibial Obturator Sciatic
femoral
Lack of circulation in the hamstring muscles would indicate an injury to what ARTERY? Peroneal Artery Tibial Artery Axillary Artery Mesenteric Artery Femoral Artery
femoral artery
Legg-Calve' Perthes disease is considered to be an osteochondrosis condition of the __________ and is often found in young children. Iliac Crest Femoral head Greater Trochanter Lesser Trochanter Ischial Tuberosity
femoral head
The use of Peptom-bismol, Kaopectate, or Imodium would be contraindicated for which of the following symptoms? Headache Diarrhea Fever secondary to a bacterial infection Constipation Nausea
fever secondary to a bacterial infection
A preferred therapeutic massage for areas around joints and other areas where tissue is thin would be: Petrissage Tapotement Effleurage Friction
friction
Which of the following is not considered a sign of staleness? Apathy Gain in weight Sub-par performance Indigestion
gain in weight
Absence of sweating with hot, dry, skin is indicative of: Heat stroke Heat exhaustion Heat cramps Hypothermia
heat stroke
The body's thermoregulatory system is controlled by what? Adrenal glands Cerebellum Hypothalamus Cerebral cortex Pons
hypothalamus
Over development of this muscle can lead to an anterior pelvic tilt. Iliopsoas Hamstrings Multifidus Pectineus Rectus Femoris
iliopsoas?
Collagen fibers are relatively: Easily injured Inelastic Inflexible Weak Concave
inelastic
Any disease that overloads the liver with red cell destruction products results in: Melena Jaundice Hematochezia Hematemesis
jaundice
Which of the following conditions can predispose an individual to injuries of the spleen? Cirrhosis Eating right before competition Hematuria Mononucleosis Shim Shim for the Shu Shu disease
mononucleosis
Voiding frequently at night is referred to as: Dysuria Nocturia Hematuria Incontinence
nocturia
An athlete is performing a bicep curl as an exercise for a bicep strain. This exercise is considered to be: Specific components of skill development An Isokinetic exercise An Isometric exercise Closed Chain exercise Open Chain exercise
open chain exercise
"Swimmer's Ear" is more specifically referred to as what? Otitis Media Otitis Interna Otitis Externa Cochlear Neuralgia Otitis Intermedius
otitis externa
What is the most common symptom associated with an abdominal injury? Pain Nausea Anxiety Frequent change in position
pain
The organ that secreted most of the digestive enzymes and the hormones insulin and glucogon is the : Kidney Liver Pancreas Spleen Gall bladder
pancreas
An athlete has received a blow to the anterior lateral lower leg and is experiencing paresthesia along the lateral Malleolus. What structure may have been injured? Peroneal Nerve Sural Nerve Sciatic Nerve Peroneus Brevis Muscle Posterior Compartment
peroneal nerve
The Cuboid bone possesses a groove on its inferior aspect to accommodate what tendon? Posterior Tibialis Peroneus Longus Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus
peroneus longus
Which of the following is not a medium for transporting pathogens, such as hepatitis or HIV? Perspiration Blood Urine Saliva Feces
perspiration--all others (blood, urine, saliva, and feces are a way of transporting pathogens)
Which of the following signs or symptoms is associated with insulin shock? Labored breathing Physical weakness Dry mucous lining of the mouth Fruity smelling breath Nausea and vomiting
physical weakness
A strain to what muscle would cause palpable pain in the midbuttock region that worsens at night and may produce weaknesss or numbness extending down the back of the leg? Adductor magnus Biceps femoris Semimembranosus Piriformis
piriformis
Short arc leg extensions are used to rehabilitate what type of muscle strains? Calf Groin Quadriceps Iliotibial band
quads
Extension of the thumb and fingers tests damage to which nerve? Median Radial Ulnar Volar Thenar
radial
The pre-participation physical evaluation of the lead quarterback reveals a urinary glucose level of 3+. The most appropriate course of action would be to: Repeat the urinary glucose measurement in one week Repeat the urinary glucose measurement immediately Disregard the results because the athlete has just eaten a candy bar Disregard the results because the athlete has just finished exercising and is dehydrated
repeat the urinary glucose measurement immediately
Deterioration in the usual standard of performance. Chronic fatigue, constipation, and inability to sleep often accompany: Complacency Malingering Being prone to accidents Staleness
staleness
Active internal rotation of the glenohumeral joint is controlled primarily by which one of the following muscles? Corachobrachialis Pectoralis minor Infraspinatus Deltoid Subscapularis
subscapularis
Which of the following is not a structure found on the articular surface of the patella? Medial Facet Superior Facet Lateral Facet None of the above Odd Facet
superior facet
A noted or subjective change in an individual's body or its functions that indicates an injury or disease is called a(n): Diagnosis Etiology Sign Symptom Prognosis
symptom
a widening of the mortise at the talocrural jointwith a disruption of the tibiofibular ligament is indicative of which of the following conditions? os calcis fx sustentaculum tali fx syndesmosis sprain talus fx tibialis posterior tendinitis
syndesmosis sprain special tests= kleiger test and cotton's test
What brain lobe is responsible for our senses of hearing and smell? Temporal Parietal Occipital Frontal Insula
temporal
Which muscle does not serve an important function in preventing impingement of the supraspinatus and subacromial bursa during the throwing motion? Infraspinatus Subscapularis Teres major Teres minor
teres major
A Q-Angle greater than_______ degrees can predispose an individual to patellar injuries. 8 11 15 18
15
In order to gain one to two pounds per week, an athlete should consume approximately how many excess calories per day? 250 to 500 500 to 1,000 1,250 to 1,500 2,000 to 2,400
500 to 1,000
The normal pH of the body is between 7.15 - 7.24 7.25 - 7.34 7.35 - 7.44 7.45 - 7.54
7.35 - 7.44
How many calories are contained in one gram of fat? 9 5 6 4 7
9
Which of the following exercises should not be included in a rehabilitation program for a low back condition? Pelvic tilt Alternate knee to chest Hip flexor stretch Double leg lifts Iliotibial band stretch
Double leg lifts
A drawer test with the lower leg internally rotated indicates possible damage to what? Medial collateral ligament and Posterolateral capsule Anterior Cruciate ligament and Posterolateral capsule Lateral collateral ligament and Posteromedial capsule Anterior Cruciate ligament and Posteromedial capsule
Anterior Cruciate ligament and Posterolateral capsule
The ligament that stabilizes and encircles the head of the radius is the: Radial collateral Annular ligament Ulnar collateral Quadrate ligament
Annular ligament
The outer periphery of the Intervertebral disc is composed of strong fibrous tissue called the: Annulus fibrosus Annulus pulposus Nucleue fibrosus Nucleus pulposus
Annulus fibrosus
Blood pressure response during exercise is affected by _______________ of the exercise: Intensity Rate Duration State of Training All of the above
All of the above--intensity, rate, duration, and state of training affect blood pressure
What ligament is often injured during a cutting maneuver, sudden deceleration, or landing in an off-balance position after a jump? Anterior Cruciate Lateral collateral Posterior Cruciate Medial collateral
Anterior Cruciate
A term for a medication in which is used to relieve itching is an: Anti emetic Antithermetic Antipyretic Antitussive Antipuretic
Antipuretic
A quick and easy method to determine the shoulder's active range of motion is to have the athlete touch the opposite scapula from behind the head and/or up the center of the back. This test is commonly referred to as what? Crossover test Yergason's Test Drop-arm Test Apprehension test Apley's Scratch Test
Apley's Scratch Test
Twisting of the spermatic cord may present what characteristics? Appearance of a cluster of swollen arteries Appearance of a bright red discoloration Elevated blood pressure with fluid effusion Appearance of a cluster of swollen veins with a dragging feeling in the scrotum
Appearance of a cluster of swollen veins with a dragging feeling in the scrotum
The psoas pain sign, which is elevated in the lower abdominal quadrant when the thigh is passively hyperextended, is another indicator suggesting: An inguinal hernia An abdominal muscle strain Appendicitis Abdominal contusion
Appendicitis
After the first episode of a grade II concussion, the individual may return to play when: May return to play that day Asymptomatic for one week May return to play the next day Never; terminate the season
Asymptomatic for one week
Malfeasance is defined as: Committing an act that is not your responsibility to perform Committing an act that another minimally competent professional would in the same circumstance Committing an act that is your responsibility to perform, but you use the wrong procedure Failing to perform your legal duty of care
Committing an act that is not your responsibility to perform
Posterolateral neck protectors cannot decrease the incidence of cervical injuries due to what? Axial loading Hyperextension Lateral flexion Lateral rotation
Axial loading
When the focus of an exercise is directed from the foot to the ground, that exercise is considered: You Answered Open kinetic chain Isometric Closed kinetic chain Isokinetic
Closed kinetic chain
Prolonged immobilization can lead to muscles losing their flexibility and assuming a shortened position. This is referred to as what? Hypomobility Contracture Hypermobility Sharpey's fibrosis
Contracture
A condition that affects the ability to dorsiflex and invert the ankle and foot is: Calcaneal apophysitis Shin splints Tibialis posterior strain Plantaris rupture Contusion of the deep Peronel nerve
Contusion of the deep Peronel nerve
Indirect heating through another medium such as air or liquid is called: Radiation Conduction Conversion Convection
Convection
The most common types of contact lens in use today are the: Retinal and conjunctival types Corneal and Retinal types Scleral and retinal types Corneal and sclera types
Corneal and sclera types
Which of the following medications is available only in oral and intravenous forms? Theophylline Corticosteroids Cromolyn sodium Ipratropium bromide
Corticosteroids
Stenosing tenosynovitis of the first tunnel of the wrist through which the extensor pollicis Brevis and abductor pollicis longus move is characteristic of: Volkman's contractures Forearm splints Bowler's thumb DeQuervain's disease
DeQuervain's disease
Body positioning following a severe head/neck injury that is indicated by extension of the legs with the elbows, wrist, and fingers flexed is known as what? Decorticate rigidity Decerebrate rigidity Rigor mortis Cerebellar rigidity
Decorticate rigidity
Which of the following is a local effect of a cold treatment? Increased tissue metabolism Increased heart rate Decreased blood viscosity Decreased inflammatory response
Decreased inflammatory response
Which of the following are physiological effects of cryotherapy? Decreased metabolism, nerve conduction, and pain perception Decreased vasoconstriction, increased nerve conduction velocity, decreased pain perception Increased vasoconstriction and metabolism, decreased pain Increased vasodilatation, increased metabolism, decreased capillary permeability
Decreased metabolism, nerve conduction, and pain perception
Which of the following are physiological effects of cryotherapy? Decreased metabolism, nerve conduction, and pain perception Decreased vasoconstriction, increased nerve conduction velocity, decreased pain perception Increased vasoconstriction and metabolism, decreased pain perception Increased vasodilatation, increased metabolism, decreased capillary permeability
Decreased metabolism, nerve conduction, and pain perception
All of the following are desirable effects of heating except: Decreasing joint stiffness Relieving muscle spasm Decreasing blood flow Increasing the extensibility of collagen tissue
Decreasing blood flow
Following a severe injury, the athlete will typically experience a "grieving response." Research has shown that the typical sequence of this response is: Depression, denial, anger and acceptance Denial, depression, anger, and acceptance Anger, depression, denial, and acceptance Denial, anger, depression, and acceptance Depression, anger, denial, and acceptance
Denial, anger, depression, and acceptance
Degenerative joint disease is characterized by: Widening of the joint space Softening of subchondral bone Loss of bone at the joint margins Deterioration of weight-bearing surfaces
Deterioration of weight-bearing surfaces
When examining an injured, seemingly unconscious athlete, the first step is what? Determine whether he/she is breathing normally Roll back the upper eyelid and check for pupil dilation Check for bleeding Check the carotid pulse
Determine whether he/she is breathing normally
Urinalysis for drug testing is the preferred method of analysis for what reason? More drugs of misuse can be detected through urinalysis rather than blood testing. Athletes are likely to be more cooperative during drug testing if a urine sample rather than blood is collected Expense isn't as great for a urinalysis as compared to a blood test. Drugs that are misused are present higher concentrations in the urine.
Drugs that are misused are present higher concentrations in the urine.
The biomechanical rationale for wearing a lateral hinge knee brace is best described by which of the following statements: Dispersion of impact forces over a large anatomical area Restriction of the range of motion for the knee joint Absorption of impact forces over a small anatomical area Reduction of anterior/posterior shear forces enhancing the force generated by surrounding musculature
Dispersion of impact forces over a large anatomical area
What must an athletic trainer be most concerned with when an elastic bandage is applied to an extremity? Distal circulation Wrinkles in the wrap Covering the joint completely Bandage falling off Anchoring the bandage
Distal circulation
Which of the following signs and symptoms is usually not present with internal bleeding in the abdomen? Dull eyes with constructed pupils Nausea and vomiting blood Pale, cold, and clammy skin Rapid, weak pulse
Dull eyes with constructed pupils
The outermost meninges that is dense, fibrosus sheath that encloses the brain and cord is the: Arachnoid Cerebral cortex Dura mater Pia mater
Dura mater
Which of the following symptoms are not indicative of a serious eye injury? Blurred vision Diplopia Excessive watering of the eye Loss of part of the visual field
Excessive watering of the eye
The female athlete triad includes all the following except: Osteoporosis Dysmenorrhea Amenorrhea Eating disorder
Dysmenorrhea
The syndrome identified by cramps, nausea, lower abdominal pain, and headache during menstruation is called: Amenorrhea Oligomenorrhea Dysmenorrhea Menorrhagia
Dysmenorrhea
How many spinal nerves are there in the cervical region Five Six Seven Eight
Eight
The major muscle of back extension is the: Erector spinae Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus lumborum Trapezius
Erector spinae
Amenorrhea can be caused by: Lack of zinc Weight lifting Excessive endurance training Low intake of water
Excessive endurance training
What is the mechanism of injury that causes an anterior dislocation of the shoulder? Internal rotation, adduction, usually elevated, combined with a force that pushes the arm beyond limits of the capsule. External rotation, abduction, usually elevated, combined with a force that pushes the arm beyond limits of the capsule External rotation, adduction, combined with a force that takes the arm posteriorly Internal rotation, abduction, usually elevated, combined with a force directly on top of the humerus Arm is held out in front, as in the progress of breaking a fall.
External rotation, abduction, usually elevated, combined with a force that pushes the arm beyond limits of the capsule
The branch of the federal government that approves and regulates the use of many therapeutic modalities is: Underwriter's Laboratory (UL) National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE) Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) American Physical Therapy Association (APTA)
FDA
Which nerve innervates the muscles that extend the knee? Femoral nerve Common Peronel portion of the sciatic nerve Common tibial portion of the sciatic nerve Obturator nerve
Femoral nerve
What is one benefit to using aerosol medications in the treatment of asthma? Fewer side effects Slower onset of action Shorter duration of action Less expensive to administer
Fewer side effects
An athlete who has been identified as having Pes Planus deformities in his or her feet may be more susceptible to what type of fracture? Bimalleolar fracture Fibular stress fracture Jones' fracture Tibial stress fracture
Fibular stress fracture
The Kendall and Thomas tests determine the extent of: Referred pain down the sciatic nerve from lordotic conditions Abductor weakness Flexion contractures Posterior pelvic tilt
Flexion contractures
When the elbow is flexed to 45° and observed from the rear, the two epicondyles and olecrannon process should: Form an isosceles triangle Not be visible Form a straight line Form a carrying angle
Form an isosceles triangle
A properly fitted mouth guard will assist in reducing all of the following injuries except: Tooth fractures TMJ sprains Fractured zygomatic bone Intruded teeth Cerebral concussions
Fractured zygomatic bone
Running, turning, figure 8's, back pedaling, and stopping constitute what type of test? Muscle strength Stress Function Range of Motion
Function
The scapula fossa that articulates with the humerus is deepened by an additional structure called the: Articulating disk Glenois labrum Ligamentum teres Zona orbicularis
Glenois labrum
The main muscle(s) that allow(s) one to rise from a seated position is (are) the: Hamstrings Quadriceps Gluteus medius Gluteus maximus
Gluteus maximus
Trauma to the helix fossa, or concha of the ear, that results in tearing of the overlying tissue from the cartilaginous plate and results in fluid accumulation is commonly referred to as: Otis barotraumas Lobular swelling Follicultits Hematoma Auris (Cauliflower ear)
Hematoma Auris (Cauliflower ear)
The inflammatory mediator that functions to inhibit blood clotting is Prostoglandind Heparin Histamine Thrombin Leukotrienes
Heparin
In a moderate AC joint sprain, what motion will cause increased pain and a snapping sound at the joint? Glenohumeral flexion Glenohumeral rotation Horizontal adduction Horizontal abduction
Horizontal adduction
The iliofemoral, ischiofemoral, and pubofemoral ligaments prevent what motion at the hip joint? Extension Hyperextension Abduction Flexion
Hyperextension
Blood found in the anterior chamber of the eye is known as: Conjunctivitis Cornel abrasion Detached retina Hyphema
Hyphema
What type of medication is commonly given to lower blood glucose levels? Diuretic Antibiotic Hypoglycemic Antihypertensive
Hypoglycemic
A condition common to runners and cyclists having genu Varum (pronated feet) that leads to pain and irritation over the lateral femoral condyle is: Pes anserine tendonitis Jumper's knee Biceps femoris tendinitis Iliotibial band syndrome
Iliotibial band syndrome
The practice of athletic training is governed by which of the following? NATA Code of Ethics Federal Law Individual State Licensing Agencies The Hippocratic Oath American Medical Association
Individual state licensing agencies
The most common site for stress fractures of the hip is in the: Inferior pubic ramus Shaft of the femur Iliac crest Greater Trochanter of the femur
Inferior pubic ramus
Avascular necrosis of the proximal femoral epiphysis is called: Larseen-Johansson disease Osgood-Schlatter disease Osteochondritis Dissecans Osteoitis Pubis Legg-Calve' Perthes disease
Legg-Calve' Perthes disease
Electrical current used to distribute medication below the skin is called: Medical galvanism Iontophoresis Electrical stimulation Pain control
Iontophoresis
The major weight bearing structure for sitting is the: Ischial tuberosity Iliac wing Ischial spine Sacrum
Ischial tuberosity
Which strength training method changes the length of the muscle while the contraction is performed at constant velocity? Isometric Isotonic Isokinetic Plyometrics
Isokinetic
Avascular necrosis of the proximal femoral epiphysis is called: Larsen-Johansson disease Legg-Perthes disease Osgood-Schlatter disease Osteochondritis Dissecans
Legg-Perthes disease
The longer the inflammatory process progresses, what happens to the resulting scar tissue? It will be less dense and weaker in resisting applied stress It will be more dense and stronger in resisting applied stress It will be more dense and weaker to resisting applied stress It will be resistant to applied stress at the same level as the previously injured tissue
It will be less dense and weaker in resisting applied stress
An inability to flex the distal phalanx due to a rupture of the tendon is called: Boutonniere deformity Bowler's finger Jersey finger Mallet finger
Jersey finger
When a force displaces the medial tibia condyle in an anterior external rotated position, what is the primary ligamentous restraint to this motion? Anterior Cruciate Lateral Collateral Posterior Cruciate Medial Collateral Ligament of Wrisberg
Ligament of Wrisberg
The top of the iliac crest is the landmark for which vertebrae? T12 L2 L4 S1
L$
Winging of one scapula indicates an injury to what nerve? Axillary Long thoracic Supraclavicular Thoracodorsal
Long thoracic
What is the mechanism of injury for a mallet finger? Lateral blow to the MP joint Medial blow to the 5th metacarpal Longitudinal blow to the DIP joint Longitudinal blow to the PIP joint
Longitudinal blow to the DIP joint
The bone most commonly dislocated during axial loading on an extended wrist is the: Capitate Lunate Scaphoid Triquetrium
Lunate
Exercise can have a positive effect on degenerative joint disease because exercise: Helps to increase body weight Maintains existing range of motion Reverses arthritic changes Increases sensitivity to pain
Maintains existing range of motion
A common sign of a facial fracture to the maxilla or mandibile, or a temporomandibular dislocation is: Malocclusion Nosebleed Raccoon eyes Sunken eyes
Malocclusion (term for a misalignment of your teeth and bite)
Tape continuously wrapped around a body part: Provides excellent support May cause constriction Immobilizes the joint more effectively Will leave more residue on the part when removed
May cause constriction
Which specific arch of the foot does the "spring ligament" support? Transverse arch Medial longitudinal arch Lateral longitudinal arch Metatarsal arch
Medial longitudinal arch
Excessive or prolonged pronation in running that leads to pain in the distal third of the medial border of the tibia not associated with a stress fracture is typically: Achilles tenosynovitis Exercise-induced compartment syndrome Medial tibial stress syndrome Plantar fasciitis
Medial tibial stress syndrome
A danger with open fractures to the skull is the greater risk of a bacterial infection that can lead to: Fovea chylamadia Meningitis Tinea Capitis Verrucae Capitis
Meningitis ( inflammation (swelling) of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord caused from bacterial infection)
The universal distress signal indicates possible: Head injuries Stroke Obstructed airway Heart attack Shock
Obstructed airway
Blood is supplied to each meniscus by what artery? Superior genicular Inferior genicular Tibial Middle genicular
Middle genicular
The factors that make up the chain of fungal infections are heat, darkness, and: Dirt Moisture Coolness Dryness
Moisture
Which of the following conditions predisposes an athlete to injuries of the spleen? Mononucleosis Hematuria Cirrhosis Eating right before competition
Mononucleosis
Which of the following systems is most commonly affected in an athlete who has Marfan's syndrome? Hematologic Musculoskeletal Respiratory Renal
Musculoskeletal
A professional scout contracts you regarding the medical records of a college football player. What procedures must you follow prior to releasing this information? Provide the scout with the necessary information and note it in the athlete's file Copy all records and supply copies to the scout Refer the scout to the sports information director Obtain a signed release form from the athlete Refer the scout to the team physician
Obtain a signed release form from the athlete
A method of promoting or hastening the recovery response of muscles through the use of diagonal or spiral patterns is characteristic of: DeLorme's progressive resistance exercises Hydrotherapeutic exercises Cybex II exercises Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercises
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercises (PNF)
Of the following allied health professional, who is legally qualified to perform an invasive technique, such as administering an IV? Certified athletic trainer Emergency medial technician Physical Therapist Paramedic Occupational therapist
Paramedic
An abnormal sensation characterized by numbness, tingling, or burning sensation is called what? Anesthesia Paresthesia Hypoesthesia Hyperesthesia
Paresthesia
The process of ingesting microorganisms, other cells, or foreign particles commonly performed by monocytes is called: Phagocytosis Permeability Margination Synthesis
Phagocytosis
The order of the proximal row of carpal bones from the ulnar to radial side is: Pisiform, triquetrum, lunate, scaphoid Scaphoid, lunate, hamate, pisiform Scaphoid, capitates, triquetrum, hamate Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform Pisiform, capitates, trapezoid, trapezium
Pisiform, triquetrum, lunate, scaphoid
A condition in which the pleural cavity becomes filled with air that has entered through an opening in the chest is called: Hemothorax Pneumothorax Thoracodoralitis Traumatic asphyxia
Pneumothorax
Which of the following ligament prevents forward displacement of the talus on the tibia? Deltoid Calcaneofibular Anterior Talofibular Posterior Talofibular
Posterior Talofibular
Which muscle is responsible for plantar flexing the foot? Anterior Tibialis Posterior Tibialis Peroneus tertius Extensor Digitorum Longus
Posterior Tibialis
Most elbow dislocations result from falling on an outstretched hand, and result in the ulna and radius dislocating: Posteriorly Anteriorly Laterally Medially
Posteriorly
The most commonly injured bursa by compressive forces at the knee is what? Deep Infrapatellar Prepatellar Superficial Infrapatellar Suprapatellar
Prepatellar
Of the following, which area do most athletic trainers deem to be most important? Prevention of injuries Recognition and evaluation of injuries Management/treatment of injuries Rehabilitation
Prevention of injuries
A condition characterized by intermittent bi-lateral attacks of ischemia of the fingers or toes, marked by severe pallor, numbness, and pain is known as what? Raynaud's phenomenon Rubor Reflex sympathetic dystrophy Rivalta's reaction
Raynaud's phenomenon
The major reason for impingement injury of the shoulder is: Reduction of space through which the supraspinatus muscle can pass Continual use of the arm above horizontal A single trauma resulting in instability Inflammation of the deltoid tendon
Reduction of space through which the supraspinatus muscle can pass
Overdistending the stomach with air and fluid results in: Pancreatitis Dysphagia Regurgitation Hematemesis
Regurgitation
The most important factor that determines the effectiveness of evaporative heat loss is what? Ambient temperature Relative humidity Solar radiant energy Time of day
Relative humidity
In the inflammatory cycle and immediate reaction is: Release of toxic substances Ischemia caused by vasospasm Spasm as a result of pain Swelling due to vasodilatation
Release of toxic substances
Muscle endurance is best defined as the muscles ability to: Repeat contractions against a resistance Both A & B Contract through a full range of motion Overcome a resistance Both A & C
Repeat contractions against a resistance
Palpable pain just anterior to the Achilles tendon is indicative of irritation to the: Flexor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Longus Retrocalcaneal bursa Posterior Tibialis Achilles Tendon
Retrocalcaneal bursa
The kidneys are situated on each side of the spine. Because of the pressure of the liver, which kidney is usually lower that the other? Left kidney Right kidney Both kidneys are exactly the same level Left, kidney, due to the pressure from the spleen
Right kidney
Low back pain can be a symptom of: Sacroiliac strain Adductor strain Osteitis pubis A quadriceps avulsion
Sacroiliac strain
Degeneration of vertebral epiphyseal end plates is seen in: Scoliosis Scheuermann's disease Spondylolisthesis Spondylolysis
Scheuermann's disease (developmental disorder of the spine--usually thoracic)
The medial meniscus is attached to the medial ligament and fibers from the: Anterior Cruciate ligament Poplitues Semimembranosus Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Metabolic shock results from: Excessive blood/fluid loss that leads to inadequate circulation and oxygen supply to all body organs Severe allergic reaction to a foreign protein Temporary dilation of blood vessels leading to blood draining from the head and pooling in the abdomen Severe loss of body fluids due to an untreated illness that alters the biochemical equilibrium
Severe loss of body fluids due to an untreated illness that alters the biochemical equilibrium
Metabolic shock results from: You Answered Excessive blood/fluid loss that leads to inadequate circulation and oxygen supply to all body organs. Severe allergic reaction to a foreign protein Severe loss of body fluids due to an untreated illness that alters the biochemical equilibrium Inability of blood to adequately travel to cardiac muscle Temporary dilation of blood vessels leading to blood draining from the head and pooling in the abdomen
Severe loss of body fluids due to an untreated illness that alters the biochemical equilibrium
What law states that when a muscle is contracting, its corresponding antagonistic muscle is inhibited, and thus relaxed? This law is a basis of Jacobson's system of progressive relaxation. Sherrington's SAID Wolff's Cosine Hunting Response
Sherrinton's law
The tibial nerve innervates all of the hamstrings except the: Short head of the biceps femoris Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Long head of the biceps femoris
Short head of the biceps femoris
Somatic pain arises from what? Organs in the abdominal cavity Organs in the thoracic cavity Referred pain sensations when injury to one body part travels up or down the length of a nerve root Skin, ligaments, muscles, bones, and joints
Skin, ligaments, muscles, bones, and joints
Somatic pain arises from: Organs in the abdominal cavity organs in the thoracic cavity Skin, ligaments, muscles, bones, and joints Referred pain sensations when injury to one body part travels up or down the length of a nerve root. Head injuries
Skin, ligaments, muscles, bones, and joints
With an anterior glenohumeral dislocation, the athlete carries the arm in: Slight abduction and external rotation Slight abduction and internal rotation Internally rotated with the elbow flexed at 90° Neutral position with arm at the side, thumb pointing forward
Slight abduction and external rotation
A condition mostly found in boys between the ages of 10 and 17 that produces hip and knee pain during passive and active motion is: Legg-Perthes disease Osteitis Pubis Snapping hip phenomenon Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
When __________ occurs, the athlete is unable to move certain parts of the body and complains of numbness after trauma; but after a short while the numbness disappears and free movement is possible. Cervical neck stretch syndrome Spinal cord contusion Spinal cord shock Whiplash
Spinal cord shock
A loss of cerebrospinal fluid around the spinal cord due to deformation of the spinal cord or a narrowing of the neural canal is called: Spinal bifida Spinal stenosis Spinal occlusion Scheuermann's disease
Spinal stenosis
Sports movements that characteristically hyperextend the spine are likely to cause: Spondylolisthesis Intervertebral disc syndrome Sciatica Spondylolysis
Spondylolysis
When a joint is immobilized it loses its primary purpose, and that is: Stabilization Producing movement Coordination Strength
Stabilization
Which of the following is correct? The elbow is proximal to the shoulder The thumb is on the medial side of the hand The knee is proximal to the ankle In anatomical position, the forearms are pronated
The knee is proximal to the ankle
Which of the following statement about informed consent is true? The definition of informed consent is the same in all 50 states The physician discusses only treatment of choice with the athlete The physician provides the athlete with enough information to make an intelligent decision The physician describes only the most likely benefits of the recommended treatment
The physician provides the athlete with enough information to make an intelligent decision
When measuring for a functional leg length discrepancy, the measurements should be taken from: The greater Trochanter to the lateral Malleolus The umbilicus to the medial Malleolus The anterior superior iliac spine to he medial Malleolus The posterior superior iliac spine to the medial Malleolus
The umbilicus to the medial Malleolus
A condition whereby nerves and/or vessels become compressed in the root of the neck or axilla, leading to numbness in the arm is called: Dead arm syndrome Impingement syndrome Little league shoulder Thoracic outlet syndrome
Thoracic outlet syndrome
If this tendon ruptures, collapse of the Midfoot and hyperpronation may be visible. Tibialis anterior Flexor Hallucis Brevis Tibialis posterior Quadratus plantae
Tibialis posterior
A major cause of lateral ankle sprains is what? Tight anterior Tibialis muscle Tight peroneals Tight heel cord Tight posterior Tibialis muscle
Tight heel cord
A fungus skin disease of surfaces of contact often found in the scrotal/genital area is known as what? Pityriasis rosea Tinea vesicolor Tinea cruris Herpes simplex
Tinea cruris (jock itch)
What test would indicate a hip flexor contracture? Thomas test Ober test Thompson test Finkelstein Test
Thomas test
A condition whereby nerves and/or vessels become compressed in the root of the neck or axilla, leading to numbness in the arm is called: Dead arm Syndrome Impingement syndrome Little league shoulder Thoracic outlet syndrome Cervical stenosis syndrome
Thoracic outlet syndrome
What is vital capacity? Total volume of air that remains in the lungs following full expiration Total volume of air that can be voluntarily moved in one breath from full inspiration to maximum expiration Total volume of air that is exhaled at rest Maximum oxygen uptake
Total volume of air that can be voluntarily moved in one breath from full inspiration to maximum expiration
If a unilateral cervical dislocation is present, the neck will be visibly tilted in what direction? Away from the dislocated side Toward the dislocated side Toward extension of the neck Toward flexion of the neck. Hyper extended position
Toward the dislocated side
An excess of fluid accumulation caused by a severe blow to the testicular region is characteristic of: Spermatic cord torsion Scrotal contusion Traumatic hyrocele of the tunica vaginalis Testicular paramoritis
Traumatic hyrocele of the tunica vaginalis
Which of the following cranial nerve is responsible for motor supply to the jaw muscles and sensation to the facial region? Facial Hypoglossal Olfactory Trigeminal
Trigeminal
Runners who cross the feet over the midline during running increase the Q angle and can develop Gluteus medius strain Iliopsoas bursitis Pes anserine bursitis Trochanteric bursitis
Trochanteric bursitis
This substance, in mega doses, can lead to limb numbness, movement difficulties, and even paralysis. Vitamin C B-complex vitamins Vitamin D Vitamin K
Vitamin D
In medical situations, consciousness is determined through: Level of Stupor Tactile stimuli Verbal stimuli Verbal and sensory stimuli
Verbal and sensory stimuli
Possible complications of a humeral fracture are muscle spasm, swelling, or bone pressure on the brachial artery which inhibit blood circulation to the forearm, wrist, and hand. This is called a: Colles' fracture Compartment syndrome Smith's fracture Volkmann's contracture
Volkmann's contracture
What unconsciously tells us where our body parts are in relation to our environment? All of the above Proprioception Equilibrium Kinesthetic Sense Ambient
kinesthetic sense is the ability to sense where our body parts are in relation to our environment proprioception are chemical sensors in our body the senses that produce coordinated movment
when performing a MMT of the quadriceps, a fair test (3/5) would indicate the athlete can complete which of the following? fully extend the knee when placed in a gravity-minimized position fully extend the knee against moderate resistance with pain fully extend the knee against gravity with no added resistance extend the knee but not throughout the complete available ROM lift at least 10% of his/her body weight in a knee extension exercise
fully extend the knee against gravity with no added resistance
Circadian dysrhythmia refers to: Jet lag Eating disorders An insect bite Menstrual irregularity Cardiac irregularity
jet lag
A side effect of muscle relaxants is ataxia. Ataxia is defined as what? An increase in urine output Decreased oxygen levels Lack of muscular coordination Upset stomach/nausea Abdominal cramping
lack of muscular coordination
Inflammation or partial avulsion of the apex of the patella due to traction forces is known as what? Osgood-Schlatter Disease Arthralgia Larsen-Johansson Disease Osteochondritis Dissecans Patellofemoral Tendonitis
larsen-johanson disease
The state of being legally responsible for the harm one causes another person is called: Assumption of Risk Act of Commission Act of Omission Liability Tort
liability
A danger with open fracture to the skull is the greater risk of bacterial infection that can lead to: Fovea Chylamadia Tinea Capitis Verrucae Capitis Encephalitis Meningitis
meningitis
The use of a therapeutic modality in a contraindicated manner could result in the athletic trainer being found guilty of which type of negligence? Correct Answer Misfeasance Tort Breach of Duty Nonfeasance Malfeasance
misfeasance is improperly performing an act that they have the legal right to do
The most effective ways to evaluate the strength of the Peroneus Longus muscle is to resistively oppose the athlete during: Plantar flexion/Eversion Dorsiflexion/Eversion Inversion/Eversion Plantarflexion/Inversion Dorsiflexion/ Inversion
plantar flexion/eversion
which motions are MOST important to limit following a second-degree anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) sprain? dorsiflexion and eversion dorsiflexion and inversion inversion and eversion plantarflexion and eversion plantarflexion and inversion
plantarflexion and inversion
The rate of gastric emptying can be retarded when ingested fluids contain even the smallest amount of : Vitamin K Vitamin A Protein Salt or Simple Sugar Magnesium
salt or simple sugar
Fast twitch fibers are used in what type of activity? Both A & C Short-duration events Low Force Activities Long Duration Events High Force Activities
short duration events and long duration events
A measurable physical finding regarding the individual's condition is called what? Cyanotic test Level of consciousness Sign Symptom
sign
Which of the sits listed below is not a place of growth for a child? The body of the bone The ends of the bone The epiphyseal plates The muscle-tendon insertion
the body of the bone
Electrical stimulation applied with a short pulse duration at an intensity that does not cause a muscle contraction is thought to control pain through: The pattern theory Enkephalin release The gate-control theory The specificity theory The central biasing mechanism
the gate-control theory states that pain information is not transmitted and never reaches the sensory centers of the brain because teh A-beta fibers inhibit/override the pain info carried from the A-gamma and C fibers
Which region of the spine is responsible for the least amount of spinal flexion? Cervical Lumbar Thoracic Lumbosacral
thoracic
The most common cause of airway obstruction for athletes is: Mouthguards Tongue Dislodged dental work Gum and chewing tobacco
tongue
When rehabilitating an athlete who is suffering from a laterally subluxating patella secondary to an increased Q angle, which muscle should be emphasized? Tensor Fascia Latae Vastus Medialis Oblique Rectus Femoris Pes Anserine Gracilis
vastus medialis oblique
A complication from a forearm fracture that can lead to ischemic necrosis of the forearm muscles is called: Forearm splints Little league elbow Volkmann's contracture Nightstick fracture Colles' fracture
volkmann's contracture
What is one cause of particularly difficult running for the female athlete? Pregnancy Amenorrhea Higher body fat percentage Wider and shallower pelvis Menstruation
wider and shallower pelvis
A patient with a lesion of the long thoracic nerve will display: None of the above Spasm in the sternocleidomastoid Flaccid oblique muscles Winging of the scapula Decreased cervical ROM
winging of the scapula because of loss of serratus anterior