BOC review

The National Athletic Trainers' Association is made up of how many districts? 9 12 8 11 10

10

The energy produced from the breakdown of nutrient food items is used to produce: ADP Glucose Glycogen ATP Lactic Acid

ATP

The energy produced from the breakdown of nutrient food stuffs is used to produce: ATP Glucose Glycogen ADP

ATP

Sever's disease is a traction-type injury at the epiphysis of an apophysis commonly seen at the: Achilles tendon attachment of the calcaneous Tibialis posterior attachment on the Navicular Extensor Hallucis longus attachment on the great toe Peronel attachment on the fifth metatarsal

Achilles tendon attachment of the calcaneous

In football, the greatest force is placed on which bony process? Acromion process Clavicle Coracoid process Spine of the scapula

Acromion process

What nerve can be damaged in an anterior glenohumeral dislocation? Axillary nerve Median nerve Musculocutaneous nerve Radial nerve

Axillary nerve

In a glenohumeral dislocation, the glenoid labrum can be damaged or avulsed from the anterior lip of the glenoid fossa, leading to what type of injury? Anterior deformity Anterior stress lesion Bankart lesion Impingement lesion

Bankart lesion

An articular fracture-dislocation to the proximal end of the first metacarpal is called a(n): Bennett's fracture Bowler's thumb Galeazzi fracture Monteggia fracture

Bennett's Fracture

An articular fracture-dislocation to the proximal end of the first metacarpal is called a(n): Colles Fracture Mongeggia Fracture Galeazzi Fracture Bowler's Fracture Bennett's Fracture

Bennett's fracture

Drugs that help you keep a steady hand, decreases the heart rate, and keep nervousness to a minimum are called: Corticosteroids Narcotic Analgesics Enzymes Beta Blockers

Beta Blockers

A blow to the face that fractures the thin bone on the inferior aspect of the eye orbit is called a: Mandibular fracture Temporal fracture Barotrauma fracture Blowout fracture

Blowout fracture

The substance that increases vessel permeability and stimulates nerve endings to cause pain is: Bradykinin Histamine Prostaglandins Morphine Serotonin

Bradykinin

Which organization is responsible for establishing the essential and guideline fro academic athletic training programs? BOC (Board of Certification) ACSM (American College of Sports Medicine) APTA (American Physical Therapy Association) NATA (National Athletic Trainers' Association) CAATE (Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education)

CAATE

Which of the following ankle ligaments is not part of the deltoid ligament? Anterior tibiotalar ligament Calcaneocuboid ligament Tibiocalcaneal ligament Tibionavicular ligament

Calcaneocuboid ligament

A blow-out fracture of the eye: Is caused by an object striking the forehand Is more common in athletes with nearsightedness Can result in double vision Causes hemorrhage around the superior margin of the eye

Can result in double vision

A positive Phalen's sign indicates what? Moron's Neuroma Carpal tunnel syndrome Ulanr nerve pathology Fractured scaphoid bone

Carpal tunnel syndrome

The tapping sign over the transverse carpal ligament tests for: Arterial impingement Ganglions Tenosynovitis of flexor tendons Carpal tunnel syndrome

Carpal tunnel syndrome

A hematoma of the pinna is indicative of what? Tibial epiphysitis Boxer's fracture Morton's Neuroma Blocker's exostosis Cauliflower ear

Cauliflower ear

When referring to the body, superior and inferior correspond to: Proximal and distal Cephalad and caudal Anterior and posterior Medial and lateral

Cephalad (head) and caudal (tail)

What plexus is responsible for innervating the diaphragm? Brachial Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral

Cervical

A heel bruise may develop into what condition? Myositis ossificans Tibial periositis Chronic inflammation of the periosteum Talar periositis

Chronic inflammation of the periosteum

The introduction of anti-inflammatory drugs through the skin with ultrasound is called what? Cavitation Iontophoresis Phonophoresis TENS

Phonophoresis

In managing a scrotal contusion, the first responsibility is what? Apply cold to the area Reduce testicular spasm Apply pressure to the area Call a physician

Reduce testicular spasm

Prostaglandins act to: Reduce edema Stimulate vasoconstriction Sensitize tissues to painful stimuli Limit the inflammatory response

Sensitize tissues to painful stimuli

Which of the following is correct? The elbow is proximal to the shoulder The knee is proximal to the ankle The thumb is on the medial side of the hand In anatomical position, the forearms are pronated In anatomical position, the shoulder are flexed

The knee is proximal to the ankle

Hyperextension of the MTP joint of the great toe is called: Claw toe Hammer toe Paronychia Turf Toe

Turf toe

When fitting a football helmet, the face guard should be: One finger width from the tip of the nose The proper size for the position played Two to three finger widths from the tip of the nose Three to four finger widths from the tip of the nose

Two to three finger widths from the tip of the nose

If an athlete complains of burning and tingling or paresthesia to the fourth and fifth fingers, what structures may be damaged? Flexor digiti minimi Interosseus muscles Median nerve Ulnar nerve

Ulnar nerve

Which of the following is considered a penetrating thermotherapy modality? Paraffin Ultrasound Hydrotherapy Moist Heat Packs

Ultrasound

Anteromedial instability of the knee indicates damage to all of the following structures except: Anterior Cruciate Medial meniscus Medial Collateral Vastus Medialis

Vastus Medialis

palmar and dorsal interossei of the hand primarily control which of the following movements of the digits? Adduction/extension Adduction/flexion Abduction/flexion Abduction/extension Abduction/adduction

abduction/adduction

In order to produce physiological effects in the body, energy must first be: Refracted Reflected Sensed Absorbed

absorbed

Massage is contraindicated in the presence of: Muscle Spasm Scar Tissue Acute Inflammatory process Joint contracture Edema

acute inflammatory process

When conditioning as a young athlete, it is important to follow which guidelines? Their bodies adapt to the same training routines They are not aware of the different levels of effort they can expend. Extreme intensity puts them at risk for overuse injury. All of the above

all of the above

Which of the following is a prevalent cause of exercise induced death? Anomalous origin of the coronary artery Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Marfan's syndrome All of the above

all of the above-- anomalous origin of the coronary artery, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and marfan's syndrome are all prevalent causes of exercise induced death

The term that describes when an athlete generally acknowledges that hazards are present in sports is what? Assumption of Risk Liability Reasonable Care Tort Comparative Negligence

assumption of risk

A fungal infection known as Tinea Pedis cause: Genital warts Plantar warts Paronychia Freiberg's disease Athlete's foot

athlete's foot

An athlete who sustains a mild injury to cervical nerve roots five and six is most likely to experience weakness in both the deltoid and the: Supraspinatus Trapezius Triceps Biceps

biceps

The formal process of obtaining written price quotes from different vendors for the same piece of equipment is known as what? Bidding Vending Requisitioning Soliciting Bargaining

bidding

The substance that increases vessel permeability and stimulates nerve endings to cause pain is: Prostaglandins Histamine Bradykinin Serotonin

bradykinin

Pain that subsides during activity may be indicative of what? Acute Injury Chronic condition or inflammation Nerve Injury Soft tissue injury Injury to the Bone

chronic condition or inflammation

Which of the following materials used for fabricating protective padding provides the best shock absorbency? Closed-Cell Open-Cell Neoprene Felt Felt-Foam

closed-cell

Severe intra-abdominal pain associated with obstruction of largely muscular hollow tubes is referred to as: Colic Dysuria Dysphagia Hematochezia

colic

Which of the following is not a primary elbow flexor? Coracobrachialis Brachioradialis Biceps Brachii Brachialis

coracobrachialis

Antidotes: Are used to kill Prevent the development of new bacteria Counteract the action of a poison Relieve flatulence Depress blood pressure

counteract the action of a poison

Which of the following bones is note located on the medial aspect of the foot? All of the bones are on the medial aspect of the foot. First metatarsal First cuneiform Cuboid Navicular

cuboid (lateral side)

The net movement of electrons from a higher potential to a lower potential is: Ampere Volt Current Ohm Force

current

Which of the following signs and symptoms are associated with a gradual onset of a subdural hematoma? Epistaxis Increased Pulse Rate Hematuria Deterioration of Consciousness Raccoon eyes

deterioration of consciousness

In a complete acromioclavicular dislocation, which of the following structures become prominent? Manubrium of the Sternum Distal end of the clavicle Acromion Process Coracoid Process Spine of the scapula

distal end of clavicle

During strenuous exercise, a diabetic's insulin requirement: Is usually increased Depends on the athlete's diet Does not change Is unpredictable Is often markedly reduced

does not change

In chronic anterior compartment syndrome, what movement is weak and limited? Plantar Flexion Dorsi Flexion Inversion Eversion Pronation

dorsiflexion

Psychogenic shock is most commonly referred to as what? A stroke Fainting A Convulsion A Transient ischemic attack

fainting

Which nerve innervates the quadriceps? Common Peroneal Femoral Tibial Obturator Sciatic

femoral

Lack of circulation in the hamstring muscles would indicate an injury to what ARTERY? Peroneal Artery Tibial Artery Axillary Artery Mesenteric Artery Femoral Artery

femoral artery

Legg-Calve' Perthes disease is considered to be an osteochondrosis condition of the __________ and is often found in young children. Iliac Crest Femoral head Greater Trochanter Lesser Trochanter Ischial Tuberosity

femoral head

The use of Peptom-bismol, Kaopectate, or Imodium would be contraindicated for which of the following symptoms? Headache Diarrhea Fever secondary to a bacterial infection Constipation Nausea

fever secondary to a bacterial infection

A preferred therapeutic massage for areas around joints and other areas where tissue is thin would be: Petrissage Tapotement Effleurage Friction

friction

Which of the following is not considered a sign of staleness? Apathy Gain in weight Sub-par performance Indigestion

gain in weight

Absence of sweating with hot, dry, skin is indicative of: Heat stroke Heat exhaustion Heat cramps Hypothermia

heat stroke

The body's thermoregulatory system is controlled by what? Adrenal glands Cerebellum Hypothalamus Cerebral cortex Pons

hypothalamus

Over development of this muscle can lead to an anterior pelvic tilt. Iliopsoas Hamstrings Multifidus Pectineus Rectus Femoris

iliopsoas?

Collagen fibers are relatively: Easily injured Inelastic Inflexible Weak Concave

inelastic

Any disease that overloads the liver with red cell destruction products results in: Melena Jaundice Hematochezia Hematemesis

jaundice

Which of the following conditions can predispose an individual to injuries of the spleen? Cirrhosis Eating right before competition Hematuria Mononucleosis Shim Shim for the Shu Shu disease

mononucleosis

Voiding frequently at night is referred to as: Dysuria Nocturia Hematuria Incontinence

nocturia

An athlete is performing a bicep curl as an exercise for a bicep strain. This exercise is considered to be: Specific components of skill development An Isokinetic exercise An Isometric exercise Closed Chain exercise Open Chain exercise

open chain exercise

"Swimmer's Ear" is more specifically referred to as what? Otitis Media Otitis Interna Otitis Externa Cochlear Neuralgia Otitis Intermedius

otitis externa

What is the most common symptom associated with an abdominal injury? Pain Nausea Anxiety Frequent change in position

pain

The organ that secreted most of the digestive enzymes and the hormones insulin and glucogon is the : Kidney Liver Pancreas Spleen Gall bladder

pancreas

An athlete has received a blow to the anterior lateral lower leg and is experiencing paresthesia along the lateral Malleolus. What structure may have been injured? Peroneal Nerve Sural Nerve Sciatic Nerve Peroneus Brevis Muscle Posterior Compartment

peroneal nerve

The Cuboid bone possesses a groove on its inferior aspect to accommodate what tendon? Posterior Tibialis Peroneus Longus Peroneus Tertius Peroneus Brevis Flexor Digitorum Longus

peroneus longus

Which of the following is not a medium for transporting pathogens, such as hepatitis or HIV? Perspiration Blood Urine Saliva Feces

perspiration--all others (blood, urine, saliva, and feces are a way of transporting pathogens)

Which of the following signs or symptoms is associated with insulin shock? Labored breathing Physical weakness Dry mucous lining of the mouth Fruity smelling breath Nausea and vomiting

physical weakness

A strain to what muscle would cause palpable pain in the midbuttock region that worsens at night and may produce weaknesss or numbness extending down the back of the leg? Adductor magnus Biceps femoris Semimembranosus Piriformis

piriformis

Short arc leg extensions are used to rehabilitate what type of muscle strains? Calf Groin Quadriceps Iliotibial band

quads

Extension of the thumb and fingers tests damage to which nerve? Median Radial Ulnar Volar Thenar

radial

The pre-participation physical evaluation of the lead quarterback reveals a urinary glucose level of 3+. The most appropriate course of action would be to: Repeat the urinary glucose measurement in one week Repeat the urinary glucose measurement immediately Disregard the results because the athlete has just eaten a candy bar Disregard the results because the athlete has just finished exercising and is dehydrated

repeat the urinary glucose measurement immediately

Deterioration in the usual standard of performance. Chronic fatigue, constipation, and inability to sleep often accompany: Complacency Malingering Being prone to accidents Staleness

staleness

Active internal rotation of the glenohumeral joint is controlled primarily by which one of the following muscles? Corachobrachialis Pectoralis minor Infraspinatus Deltoid Subscapularis

subscapularis

Which of the following is not a structure found on the articular surface of the patella? Medial Facet Superior Facet Lateral Facet None of the above Odd Facet

superior facet

A noted or subjective change in an individual's body or its functions that indicates an injury or disease is called a(n): Diagnosis Etiology Sign Symptom Prognosis

symptom

a widening of the mortise at the talocrural jointwith a disruption of the tibiofibular ligament is indicative of which of the following conditions? os calcis fx sustentaculum tali fx syndesmosis sprain talus fx tibialis posterior tendinitis

syndesmosis sprain special tests= kleiger test and cotton's test

What brain lobe is responsible for our senses of hearing and smell? Temporal Parietal Occipital Frontal Insula

temporal

Which muscle does not serve an important function in preventing impingement of the supraspinatus and subacromial bursa during the throwing motion? Infraspinatus Subscapularis Teres major Teres minor

teres major

A Q-Angle greater than_______ degrees can predispose an individual to patellar injuries. 8 11 15 18

15

In order to gain one to two pounds per week, an athlete should consume approximately how many excess calories per day? 250 to 500 500 to 1,000 1,250 to 1,500 2,000 to 2,400

500 to 1,000

The normal pH of the body is between 7.15 - 7.24 7.25 - 7.34 7.35 - 7.44 7.45 - 7.54

7.35 - 7.44

How many calories are contained in one gram of fat? 9 5 6 4 7

9

Which of the following exercises should not be included in a rehabilitation program for a low back condition? Pelvic tilt Alternate knee to chest Hip flexor stretch Double leg lifts Iliotibial band stretch

Double leg lifts

A drawer test with the lower leg internally rotated indicates possible damage to what? Medial collateral ligament and Posterolateral capsule Anterior Cruciate ligament and Posterolateral capsule Lateral collateral ligament and Posteromedial capsule Anterior Cruciate ligament and Posteromedial capsule

Anterior Cruciate ligament and Posterolateral capsule

The ligament that stabilizes and encircles the head of the radius is the: Radial collateral Annular ligament Ulnar collateral Quadrate ligament

Annular ligament

The outer periphery of the Intervertebral disc is composed of strong fibrous tissue called the: Annulus fibrosus Annulus pulposus Nucleue fibrosus Nucleus pulposus

Annulus fibrosus

Blood pressure response during exercise is affected by _______________ of the exercise: Intensity Rate Duration State of Training All of the above

All of the above--intensity, rate, duration, and state of training affect blood pressure

What ligament is often injured during a cutting maneuver, sudden deceleration, or landing in an off-balance position after a jump? Anterior Cruciate Lateral collateral Posterior Cruciate Medial collateral

Anterior Cruciate

A term for a medication in which is used to relieve itching is an: Anti emetic Antithermetic Antipyretic Antitussive Antipuretic

Antipuretic

A quick and easy method to determine the shoulder's active range of motion is to have the athlete touch the opposite scapula from behind the head and/or up the center of the back. This test is commonly referred to as what? Crossover test Yergason's Test Drop-arm Test Apprehension test Apley's Scratch Test

Apley's Scratch Test

Twisting of the spermatic cord may present what characteristics? Appearance of a cluster of swollen arteries Appearance of a bright red discoloration Elevated blood pressure with fluid effusion Appearance of a cluster of swollen veins with a dragging feeling in the scrotum

Appearance of a cluster of swollen veins with a dragging feeling in the scrotum

The psoas pain sign, which is elevated in the lower abdominal quadrant when the thigh is passively hyperextended, is another indicator suggesting: An inguinal hernia An abdominal muscle strain Appendicitis Abdominal contusion

Appendicitis

After the first episode of a grade II concussion, the individual may return to play when: May return to play that day Asymptomatic for one week May return to play the next day Never; terminate the season

Asymptomatic for one week

Malfeasance is defined as: Committing an act that is not your responsibility to perform Committing an act that another minimally competent professional would in the same circumstance Committing an act that is your responsibility to perform, but you use the wrong procedure Failing to perform your legal duty of care

Committing an act that is not your responsibility to perform

Posterolateral neck protectors cannot decrease the incidence of cervical injuries due to what? Axial loading Hyperextension Lateral flexion Lateral rotation

Axial loading

When the focus of an exercise is directed from the foot to the ground, that exercise is considered: You Answered Open kinetic chain Isometric Closed kinetic chain Isokinetic

Closed kinetic chain

Prolonged immobilization can lead to muscles losing their flexibility and assuming a shortened position. This is referred to as what? Hypomobility Contracture Hypermobility Sharpey's fibrosis

Contracture

A condition that affects the ability to dorsiflex and invert the ankle and foot is: Calcaneal apophysitis Shin splints Tibialis posterior strain Plantaris rupture Contusion of the deep Peronel nerve

Contusion of the deep Peronel nerve

Indirect heating through another medium such as air or liquid is called: Radiation Conduction Conversion Convection

Convection

The most common types of contact lens in use today are the: Retinal and conjunctival types Corneal and Retinal types Scleral and retinal types Corneal and sclera types

Corneal and sclera types

Which of the following medications is available only in oral and intravenous forms? Theophylline Corticosteroids Cromolyn sodium Ipratropium bromide

Corticosteroids

Stenosing tenosynovitis of the first tunnel of the wrist through which the extensor pollicis Brevis and abductor pollicis longus move is characteristic of: Volkman's contractures Forearm splints Bowler's thumb DeQuervain's disease

DeQuervain's disease

Body positioning following a severe head/neck injury that is indicated by extension of the legs with the elbows, wrist, and fingers flexed is known as what? Decorticate rigidity Decerebrate rigidity Rigor mortis Cerebellar rigidity

Decorticate rigidity

Which of the following is a local effect of a cold treatment? Increased tissue metabolism Increased heart rate Decreased blood viscosity Decreased inflammatory response

Decreased inflammatory response

Which of the following are physiological effects of cryotherapy? Decreased metabolism, nerve conduction, and pain perception Decreased vasoconstriction, increased nerve conduction velocity, decreased pain perception Increased vasoconstriction and metabolism, decreased pain Increased vasodilatation, increased metabolism, decreased capillary permeability

Decreased metabolism, nerve conduction, and pain perception

Which of the following are physiological effects of cryotherapy? Decreased metabolism, nerve conduction, and pain perception Decreased vasoconstriction, increased nerve conduction velocity, decreased pain perception Increased vasoconstriction and metabolism, decreased pain perception Increased vasodilatation, increased metabolism, decreased capillary permeability

Decreased metabolism, nerve conduction, and pain perception

All of the following are desirable effects of heating except: Decreasing joint stiffness Relieving muscle spasm Decreasing blood flow Increasing the extensibility of collagen tissue

Decreasing blood flow

Following a severe injury, the athlete will typically experience a "grieving response." Research has shown that the typical sequence of this response is: Depression, denial, anger and acceptance Denial, depression, anger, and acceptance Anger, depression, denial, and acceptance Denial, anger, depression, and acceptance Depression, anger, denial, and acceptance

Denial, anger, depression, and acceptance

Degenerative joint disease is characterized by: Widening of the joint space Softening of subchondral bone Loss of bone at the joint margins Deterioration of weight-bearing surfaces

Deterioration of weight-bearing surfaces

When examining an injured, seemingly unconscious athlete, the first step is what? Determine whether he/she is breathing normally Roll back the upper eyelid and check for pupil dilation Check for bleeding Check the carotid pulse

Determine whether he/she is breathing normally

Urinalysis for drug testing is the preferred method of analysis for what reason? More drugs of misuse can be detected through urinalysis rather than blood testing. Athletes are likely to be more cooperative during drug testing if a urine sample rather than blood is collected Expense isn't as great for a urinalysis as compared to a blood test. Drugs that are misused are present higher concentrations in the urine.

Drugs that are misused are present higher concentrations in the urine.

The biomechanical rationale for wearing a lateral hinge knee brace is best described by which of the following statements: Dispersion of impact forces over a large anatomical area Restriction of the range of motion for the knee joint Absorption of impact forces over a small anatomical area Reduction of anterior/posterior shear forces enhancing the force generated by surrounding musculature

Dispersion of impact forces over a large anatomical area

What must an athletic trainer be most concerned with when an elastic bandage is applied to an extremity? Distal circulation Wrinkles in the wrap Covering the joint completely Bandage falling off Anchoring the bandage

Distal circulation

Which of the following signs and symptoms is usually not present with internal bleeding in the abdomen? Dull eyes with constructed pupils Nausea and vomiting blood Pale, cold, and clammy skin Rapid, weak pulse

Dull eyes with constructed pupils

The outermost meninges that is dense, fibrosus sheath that encloses the brain and cord is the: Arachnoid Cerebral cortex Dura mater Pia mater

Dura mater

Which of the following symptoms are not indicative of a serious eye injury? Blurred vision Diplopia Excessive watering of the eye Loss of part of the visual field

Excessive watering of the eye

The female athlete triad includes all the following except: Osteoporosis Dysmenorrhea Amenorrhea Eating disorder

Dysmenorrhea

The syndrome identified by cramps, nausea, lower abdominal pain, and headache during menstruation is called: Amenorrhea Oligomenorrhea Dysmenorrhea Menorrhagia

Dysmenorrhea

How many spinal nerves are there in the cervical region Five Six Seven Eight

Eight

The major muscle of back extension is the: Erector spinae Latissimus Dorsi Quadratus lumborum Trapezius

Erector spinae

Amenorrhea can be caused by: Lack of zinc Weight lifting Excessive endurance training Low intake of water

Excessive endurance training

What is the mechanism of injury that causes an anterior dislocation of the shoulder? Internal rotation, adduction, usually elevated, combined with a force that pushes the arm beyond limits of the capsule. External rotation, abduction, usually elevated, combined with a force that pushes the arm beyond limits of the capsule External rotation, adduction, combined with a force that takes the arm posteriorly Internal rotation, abduction, usually elevated, combined with a force directly on top of the humerus Arm is held out in front, as in the progress of breaking a fall.

External rotation, abduction, usually elevated, combined with a force that pushes the arm beyond limits of the capsule

The branch of the federal government that approves and regulates the use of many therapeutic modalities is: Underwriter's Laboratory (UL) National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE) Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) American Physical Therapy Association (APTA)

FDA

Which nerve innervates the muscles that extend the knee? Femoral nerve Common Peronel portion of the sciatic nerve Common tibial portion of the sciatic nerve Obturator nerve

Femoral nerve

What is one benefit to using aerosol medications in the treatment of asthma? Fewer side effects Slower onset of action Shorter duration of action Less expensive to administer

Fewer side effects

An athlete who has been identified as having Pes Planus deformities in his or her feet may be more susceptible to what type of fracture? Bimalleolar fracture Fibular stress fracture Jones' fracture Tibial stress fracture

Fibular stress fracture

The Kendall and Thomas tests determine the extent of: Referred pain down the sciatic nerve from lordotic conditions Abductor weakness Flexion contractures Posterior pelvic tilt

Flexion contractures

When the elbow is flexed to 45° and observed from the rear, the two epicondyles and olecrannon process should: Form an isosceles triangle Not be visible Form a straight line Form a carrying angle

Form an isosceles triangle

A properly fitted mouth guard will assist in reducing all of the following injuries except: Tooth fractures TMJ sprains Fractured zygomatic bone Intruded teeth Cerebral concussions

Fractured zygomatic bone

Running, turning, figure 8's, back pedaling, and stopping constitute what type of test? Muscle strength Stress Function Range of Motion

Function

The scapula fossa that articulates with the humerus is deepened by an additional structure called the: Articulating disk Glenois labrum Ligamentum teres Zona orbicularis

Glenois labrum

The main muscle(s) that allow(s) one to rise from a seated position is (are) the: Hamstrings Quadriceps Gluteus medius Gluteus maximus

Gluteus maximus

Trauma to the helix fossa, or concha of the ear, that results in tearing of the overlying tissue from the cartilaginous plate and results in fluid accumulation is commonly referred to as: Otis barotraumas Lobular swelling Follicultits Hematoma Auris (Cauliflower ear)

Hematoma Auris (Cauliflower ear)

The inflammatory mediator that functions to inhibit blood clotting is Prostoglandind Heparin Histamine Thrombin Leukotrienes

Heparin

In a moderate AC joint sprain, what motion will cause increased pain and a snapping sound at the joint? Glenohumeral flexion Glenohumeral rotation Horizontal adduction Horizontal abduction

Horizontal adduction

The iliofemoral, ischiofemoral, and pubofemoral ligaments prevent what motion at the hip joint? Extension Hyperextension Abduction Flexion

Hyperextension

Blood found in the anterior chamber of the eye is known as: Conjunctivitis Cornel abrasion Detached retina Hyphema

Hyphema

What type of medication is commonly given to lower blood glucose levels? Diuretic Antibiotic Hypoglycemic Antihypertensive

Hypoglycemic

A condition common to runners and cyclists having genu Varum (pronated feet) that leads to pain and irritation over the lateral femoral condyle is: Pes anserine tendonitis Jumper's knee Biceps femoris tendinitis Iliotibial band syndrome

Iliotibial band syndrome

The practice of athletic training is governed by which of the following? NATA Code of Ethics Federal Law Individual State Licensing Agencies The Hippocratic Oath American Medical Association

Individual state licensing agencies

The most common site for stress fractures of the hip is in the: Inferior pubic ramus Shaft of the femur Iliac crest Greater Trochanter of the femur

Inferior pubic ramus

Avascular necrosis of the proximal femoral epiphysis is called: Larseen-Johansson disease Osgood-Schlatter disease Osteochondritis Dissecans Osteoitis Pubis Legg-Calve' Perthes disease

Legg-Calve' Perthes disease

Electrical current used to distribute medication below the skin is called: Medical galvanism Iontophoresis Electrical stimulation Pain control

Iontophoresis

The major weight bearing structure for sitting is the: Ischial tuberosity Iliac wing Ischial spine Sacrum

Ischial tuberosity

Which strength training method changes the length of the muscle while the contraction is performed at constant velocity? Isometric Isotonic Isokinetic Plyometrics

Isokinetic

Avascular necrosis of the proximal femoral epiphysis is called: Larsen-Johansson disease Legg-Perthes disease Osgood-Schlatter disease Osteochondritis Dissecans

Legg-Perthes disease

The longer the inflammatory process progresses, what happens to the resulting scar tissue? It will be less dense and weaker in resisting applied stress It will be more dense and stronger in resisting applied stress It will be more dense and weaker to resisting applied stress It will be resistant to applied stress at the same level as the previously injured tissue

It will be less dense and weaker in resisting applied stress

An inability to flex the distal phalanx due to a rupture of the tendon is called: Boutonniere deformity Bowler's finger Jersey finger Mallet finger

Jersey finger

When a force displaces the medial tibia condyle in an anterior external rotated position, what is the primary ligamentous restraint to this motion? Anterior Cruciate Lateral Collateral Posterior Cruciate Medial Collateral Ligament of Wrisberg

Ligament of Wrisberg

The top of the iliac crest is the landmark for which vertebrae? T12 L2 L4 S1

L$

Winging of one scapula indicates an injury to what nerve? Axillary Long thoracic Supraclavicular Thoracodorsal

Long thoracic

What is the mechanism of injury for a mallet finger? Lateral blow to the MP joint Medial blow to the 5th metacarpal Longitudinal blow to the DIP joint Longitudinal blow to the PIP joint

Longitudinal blow to the DIP joint

The bone most commonly dislocated during axial loading on an extended wrist is the: Capitate Lunate Scaphoid Triquetrium

Lunate

Exercise can have a positive effect on degenerative joint disease because exercise: Helps to increase body weight Maintains existing range of motion Reverses arthritic changes Increases sensitivity to pain

Maintains existing range of motion

A common sign of a facial fracture to the maxilla or mandibile, or a temporomandibular dislocation is: Malocclusion Nosebleed Raccoon eyes Sunken eyes

Malocclusion (term for a misalignment of your teeth and bite)

Tape continuously wrapped around a body part: Provides excellent support May cause constriction Immobilizes the joint more effectively Will leave more residue on the part when removed

May cause constriction

Which specific arch of the foot does the "spring ligament" support? Transverse arch Medial longitudinal arch Lateral longitudinal arch Metatarsal arch

Medial longitudinal arch

Excessive or prolonged pronation in running that leads to pain in the distal third of the medial border of the tibia not associated with a stress fracture is typically: Achilles tenosynovitis Exercise-induced compartment syndrome Medial tibial stress syndrome Plantar fasciitis

Medial tibial stress syndrome

A danger with open fractures to the skull is the greater risk of a bacterial infection that can lead to: Fovea chylamadia Meningitis Tinea Capitis Verrucae Capitis

Meningitis ( inflammation (swelling) of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord caused from bacterial infection)

The universal distress signal indicates possible: Head injuries Stroke Obstructed airway Heart attack Shock

Obstructed airway

Blood is supplied to each meniscus by what artery? Superior genicular Inferior genicular Tibial Middle genicular

Middle genicular

The factors that make up the chain of fungal infections are heat, darkness, and: Dirt Moisture Coolness Dryness

Moisture

Which of the following conditions predisposes an athlete to injuries of the spleen? Mononucleosis Hematuria Cirrhosis Eating right before competition

Mononucleosis

Which of the following systems is most commonly affected in an athlete who has Marfan's syndrome? Hematologic Musculoskeletal Respiratory Renal

Musculoskeletal

A professional scout contracts you regarding the medical records of a college football player. What procedures must you follow prior to releasing this information? Provide the scout with the necessary information and note it in the athlete's file Copy all records and supply copies to the scout Refer the scout to the sports information director Obtain a signed release form from the athlete Refer the scout to the team physician

Obtain a signed release form from the athlete

A method of promoting or hastening the recovery response of muscles through the use of diagonal or spiral patterns is characteristic of: DeLorme's progressive resistance exercises Hydrotherapeutic exercises Cybex II exercises Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercises

Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercises (PNF)

Of the following allied health professional, who is legally qualified to perform an invasive technique, such as administering an IV? Certified athletic trainer Emergency medial technician Physical Therapist Paramedic Occupational therapist

Paramedic

An abnormal sensation characterized by numbness, tingling, or burning sensation is called what? Anesthesia Paresthesia Hypoesthesia Hyperesthesia

Paresthesia

The process of ingesting microorganisms, other cells, or foreign particles commonly performed by monocytes is called: Phagocytosis Permeability Margination Synthesis

Phagocytosis

The order of the proximal row of carpal bones from the ulnar to radial side is: Pisiform, triquetrum, lunate, scaphoid Scaphoid, lunate, hamate, pisiform Scaphoid, capitates, triquetrum, hamate Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform Pisiform, capitates, trapezoid, trapezium

Pisiform, triquetrum, lunate, scaphoid

A condition in which the pleural cavity becomes filled with air that has entered through an opening in the chest is called: Hemothorax Pneumothorax Thoracodoralitis Traumatic asphyxia

Pneumothorax

Which of the following ligament prevents forward displacement of the talus on the tibia? Deltoid Calcaneofibular Anterior Talofibular Posterior Talofibular

Posterior Talofibular

Which muscle is responsible for plantar flexing the foot? Anterior Tibialis Posterior Tibialis Peroneus tertius Extensor Digitorum Longus

Posterior Tibialis

Most elbow dislocations result from falling on an outstretched hand, and result in the ulna and radius dislocating: Posteriorly Anteriorly Laterally Medially

Posteriorly

The most commonly injured bursa by compressive forces at the knee is what? Deep Infrapatellar Prepatellar Superficial Infrapatellar Suprapatellar

Prepatellar

Of the following, which area do most athletic trainers deem to be most important? Prevention of injuries Recognition and evaluation of injuries Management/treatment of injuries Rehabilitation

Prevention of injuries

A condition characterized by intermittent bi-lateral attacks of ischemia of the fingers or toes, marked by severe pallor, numbness, and pain is known as what? Raynaud's phenomenon Rubor Reflex sympathetic dystrophy Rivalta's reaction

Raynaud's phenomenon

The major reason for impingement injury of the shoulder is: Reduction of space through which the supraspinatus muscle can pass Continual use of the arm above horizontal A single trauma resulting in instability Inflammation of the deltoid tendon

Reduction of space through which the supraspinatus muscle can pass

Overdistending the stomach with air and fluid results in: Pancreatitis Dysphagia Regurgitation Hematemesis

Regurgitation

The most important factor that determines the effectiveness of evaporative heat loss is what? Ambient temperature Relative humidity Solar radiant energy Time of day

Relative humidity

In the inflammatory cycle and immediate reaction is: Release of toxic substances Ischemia caused by vasospasm Spasm as a result of pain Swelling due to vasodilatation

Release of toxic substances

Muscle endurance is best defined as the muscles ability to: Repeat contractions against a resistance Both A & B Contract through a full range of motion Overcome a resistance Both A & C

Repeat contractions against a resistance

Palpable pain just anterior to the Achilles tendon is indicative of irritation to the: Flexor Hallucis Longus Peroneus Longus Retrocalcaneal bursa Posterior Tibialis Achilles Tendon

Retrocalcaneal bursa

The kidneys are situated on each side of the spine. Because of the pressure of the liver, which kidney is usually lower that the other? Left kidney Right kidney Both kidneys are exactly the same level Left, kidney, due to the pressure from the spleen

Right kidney

Low back pain can be a symptom of: Sacroiliac strain Adductor strain Osteitis pubis A quadriceps avulsion

Sacroiliac strain

Degeneration of vertebral epiphyseal end plates is seen in: Scoliosis Scheuermann's disease Spondylolisthesis Spondylolysis

Scheuermann's disease (developmental disorder of the spine--usually thoracic)

The medial meniscus is attached to the medial ligament and fibers from the: Anterior Cruciate ligament Poplitues Semimembranosus Semitendinosus

Semimembranosus

Metabolic shock results from: Excessive blood/fluid loss that leads to inadequate circulation and oxygen supply to all body organs Severe allergic reaction to a foreign protein Temporary dilation of blood vessels leading to blood draining from the head and pooling in the abdomen Severe loss of body fluids due to an untreated illness that alters the biochemical equilibrium

Severe loss of body fluids due to an untreated illness that alters the biochemical equilibrium

Metabolic shock results from: You Answered Excessive blood/fluid loss that leads to inadequate circulation and oxygen supply to all body organs. Severe allergic reaction to a foreign protein Severe loss of body fluids due to an untreated illness that alters the biochemical equilibrium Inability of blood to adequately travel to cardiac muscle Temporary dilation of blood vessels leading to blood draining from the head and pooling in the abdomen

Severe loss of body fluids due to an untreated illness that alters the biochemical equilibrium

What law states that when a muscle is contracting, its corresponding antagonistic muscle is inhibited, and thus relaxed? This law is a basis of Jacobson's system of progressive relaxation. Sherrington's SAID Wolff's Cosine Hunting Response

Sherrinton's law

The tibial nerve innervates all of the hamstrings except the: Short head of the biceps femoris Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Long head of the biceps femoris

Short head of the biceps femoris

Somatic pain arises from what? Organs in the abdominal cavity Organs in the thoracic cavity Referred pain sensations when injury to one body part travels up or down the length of a nerve root Skin, ligaments, muscles, bones, and joints

Skin, ligaments, muscles, bones, and joints

Somatic pain arises from: Organs in the abdominal cavity organs in the thoracic cavity Skin, ligaments, muscles, bones, and joints Referred pain sensations when injury to one body part travels up or down the length of a nerve root. Head injuries

Skin, ligaments, muscles, bones, and joints

With an anterior glenohumeral dislocation, the athlete carries the arm in: Slight abduction and external rotation Slight abduction and internal rotation Internally rotated with the elbow flexed at 90° Neutral position with arm at the side, thumb pointing forward

Slight abduction and external rotation

A condition mostly found in boys between the ages of 10 and 17 that produces hip and knee pain during passive and active motion is: Legg-Perthes disease Osteitis Pubis Snapping hip phenomenon Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis

When __________ occurs, the athlete is unable to move certain parts of the body and complains of numbness after trauma; but after a short while the numbness disappears and free movement is possible. Cervical neck stretch syndrome Spinal cord contusion Spinal cord shock Whiplash

Spinal cord shock

A loss of cerebrospinal fluid around the spinal cord due to deformation of the spinal cord or a narrowing of the neural canal is called: Spinal bifida Spinal stenosis Spinal occlusion Scheuermann's disease

Spinal stenosis

Sports movements that characteristically hyperextend the spine are likely to cause: Spondylolisthesis Intervertebral disc syndrome Sciatica Spondylolysis

Spondylolysis

When a joint is immobilized it loses its primary purpose, and that is: Stabilization Producing movement Coordination Strength

Stabilization

Which of the following is correct? The elbow is proximal to the shoulder The thumb is on the medial side of the hand The knee is proximal to the ankle In anatomical position, the forearms are pronated

The knee is proximal to the ankle

Which of the following statement about informed consent is true? The definition of informed consent is the same in all 50 states The physician discusses only treatment of choice with the athlete The physician provides the athlete with enough information to make an intelligent decision The physician describes only the most likely benefits of the recommended treatment

The physician provides the athlete with enough information to make an intelligent decision

When measuring for a functional leg length discrepancy, the measurements should be taken from: The greater Trochanter to the lateral Malleolus The umbilicus to the medial Malleolus The anterior superior iliac spine to he medial Malleolus The posterior superior iliac spine to the medial Malleolus

The umbilicus to the medial Malleolus

A condition whereby nerves and/or vessels become compressed in the root of the neck or axilla, leading to numbness in the arm is called: Dead arm syndrome Impingement syndrome Little league shoulder Thoracic outlet syndrome

Thoracic outlet syndrome

If this tendon ruptures, collapse of the Midfoot and hyperpronation may be visible. Tibialis anterior Flexor Hallucis Brevis Tibialis posterior Quadratus plantae

Tibialis posterior

A major cause of lateral ankle sprains is what? Tight anterior Tibialis muscle Tight peroneals Tight heel cord Tight posterior Tibialis muscle

Tight heel cord

A fungus skin disease of surfaces of contact often found in the scrotal/genital area is known as what? Pityriasis rosea Tinea vesicolor Tinea cruris Herpes simplex

Tinea cruris (jock itch)

What test would indicate a hip flexor contracture? Thomas test Ober test Thompson test Finkelstein Test

Thomas test

A condition whereby nerves and/or vessels become compressed in the root of the neck or axilla, leading to numbness in the arm is called: Dead arm Syndrome Impingement syndrome Little league shoulder Thoracic outlet syndrome Cervical stenosis syndrome

Thoracic outlet syndrome

What is vital capacity? Total volume of air that remains in the lungs following full expiration Total volume of air that can be voluntarily moved in one breath from full inspiration to maximum expiration Total volume of air that is exhaled at rest Maximum oxygen uptake

Total volume of air that can be voluntarily moved in one breath from full inspiration to maximum expiration

If a unilateral cervical dislocation is present, the neck will be visibly tilted in what direction? Away from the dislocated side Toward the dislocated side Toward extension of the neck Toward flexion of the neck. Hyper extended position

Toward the dislocated side

An excess of fluid accumulation caused by a severe blow to the testicular region is characteristic of: Spermatic cord torsion Scrotal contusion Traumatic hyrocele of the tunica vaginalis Testicular paramoritis

Traumatic hyrocele of the tunica vaginalis

Which of the following cranial nerve is responsible for motor supply to the jaw muscles and sensation to the facial region? Facial Hypoglossal Olfactory Trigeminal

Trigeminal

Runners who cross the feet over the midline during running increase the Q angle and can develop Gluteus medius strain Iliopsoas bursitis Pes anserine bursitis Trochanteric bursitis

Trochanteric bursitis

This substance, in mega doses, can lead to limb numbness, movement difficulties, and even paralysis. Vitamin C B-complex vitamins Vitamin D Vitamin K

Vitamin D

In medical situations, consciousness is determined through: Level of Stupor Tactile stimuli Verbal stimuli Verbal and sensory stimuli

Verbal and sensory stimuli

Possible complications of a humeral fracture are muscle spasm, swelling, or bone pressure on the brachial artery which inhibit blood circulation to the forearm, wrist, and hand. This is called a: Colles' fracture Compartment syndrome Smith's fracture Volkmann's contracture

Volkmann's contracture

What unconsciously tells us where our body parts are in relation to our environment? All of the above Proprioception Equilibrium Kinesthetic Sense Ambient

kinesthetic sense is the ability to sense where our body parts are in relation to our environment proprioception are chemical sensors in our body the senses that produce coordinated movment

when performing a MMT of the quadriceps, a fair test (3/5) would indicate the athlete can complete which of the following? fully extend the knee when placed in a gravity-minimized position fully extend the knee against moderate resistance with pain fully extend the knee against gravity with no added resistance extend the knee but not throughout the complete available ROM lift at least 10% of his/her body weight in a knee extension exercise

fully extend the knee against gravity with no added resistance

Circadian dysrhythmia refers to: Jet lag Eating disorders An insect bite Menstrual irregularity Cardiac irregularity

jet lag

A side effect of muscle relaxants is ataxia. Ataxia is defined as what? An increase in urine output Decreased oxygen levels Lack of muscular coordination Upset stomach/nausea Abdominal cramping

lack of muscular coordination

Inflammation or partial avulsion of the apex of the patella due to traction forces is known as what? Osgood-Schlatter Disease Arthralgia Larsen-Johansson Disease Osteochondritis Dissecans Patellofemoral Tendonitis

larsen-johanson disease

The state of being legally responsible for the harm one causes another person is called: Assumption of Risk Act of Commission Act of Omission Liability Tort

liability

A danger with open fracture to the skull is the greater risk of bacterial infection that can lead to: Fovea Chylamadia Tinea Capitis Verrucae Capitis Encephalitis Meningitis

meningitis

The use of a therapeutic modality in a contraindicated manner could result in the athletic trainer being found guilty of which type of negligence? Correct Answer Misfeasance Tort Breach of Duty Nonfeasance Malfeasance

misfeasance is improperly performing an act that they have the legal right to do

The most effective ways to evaluate the strength of the Peroneus Longus muscle is to resistively oppose the athlete during: Plantar flexion/Eversion Dorsiflexion/Eversion Inversion/Eversion Plantarflexion/Inversion Dorsiflexion/ Inversion

plantar flexion/eversion

which motions are MOST important to limit following a second-degree anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) sprain? dorsiflexion and eversion dorsiflexion and inversion inversion and eversion plantarflexion and eversion plantarflexion and inversion

plantarflexion and inversion

The rate of gastric emptying can be retarded when ingested fluids contain even the smallest amount of : Vitamin K Vitamin A Protein Salt or Simple Sugar Magnesium

salt or simple sugar

Fast twitch fibers are used in what type of activity? Both A & C Short-duration events Low Force Activities Long Duration Events High Force Activities

short duration events and long duration events

A measurable physical finding regarding the individual's condition is called what? Cyanotic test Level of consciousness Sign Symptom

sign

Which of the sits listed below is not a place of growth for a child? The body of the bone The ends of the bone The epiphyseal plates The muscle-tendon insertion

the body of the bone

Electrical stimulation applied with a short pulse duration at an intensity that does not cause a muscle contraction is thought to control pain through: The pattern theory Enkephalin release The gate-control theory The specificity theory The central biasing mechanism

the gate-control theory states that pain information is not transmitted and never reaches the sensory centers of the brain because teh A-beta fibers inhibit/override the pain info carried from the A-gamma and C fibers

Which region of the spine is responsible for the least amount of spinal flexion? Cervical Lumbar Thoracic Lumbosacral

thoracic

The most common cause of airway obstruction for athletes is: Mouthguards Tongue Dislodged dental work Gum and chewing tobacco

tongue

When rehabilitating an athlete who is suffering from a laterally subluxating patella secondary to an increased Q angle, which muscle should be emphasized? Tensor Fascia Latae Vastus Medialis Oblique Rectus Femoris Pes Anserine Gracilis

vastus medialis oblique

A complication from a forearm fracture that can lead to ischemic necrosis of the forearm muscles is called: Forearm splints Little league elbow Volkmann's contracture Nightstick fracture Colles' fracture

volkmann's contracture

What is one cause of particularly difficult running for the female athlete? Pregnancy Amenorrhea Higher body fat percentage Wider and shallower pelvis Menstruation

wider and shallower pelvis

A patient with a lesion of the long thoracic nerve will display: None of the above Spasm in the sternocleidomastoid Flaccid oblique muscles Winging of the scapula Decreased cervical ROM

winging of the scapula because of loss of serratus anterior