Bronchoscopy Quiz

Flexible fiber-optic bronchoscopy was introduced around: 1920. 1962. 1932. 1990.

1962

What is a rigid bronchoscope?

A straight tube, used in surgery, during anesthesia, large foreign body removal. Page 448 Egans.

The decision to perform a percutaneous versus a transbronchial biopsy is generally made based on the location of a solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) or lung mass. Which of the following statements is correct about these types of biopsies? A percutaneous biopsy is most useful for central SPNs or lung masses Bronchoscopy is especially useful in obtaining percutaneous biopsies A transbronchial biopsy obtained during bronchoscopy may be required for central SPNs or lung masses Percutaneous and transbronchial biopsies are of equal value for central SPNs

A transbronchial biopsy obtained during bronchoscopy may be required for central SPNs or lung masses.

A sample is sent to the laboratory to run tests to diagnose infection, determine total and differential cell counts, assess cytology, and/or perform immunologic studies. What type of sample is being referred to? Sputum culture Arterial blood sample AFB study BAL

BAL

Which of the following techniques performed during bronchoscopy may be particularly useful to look for cancer, alveolar bleeding, or infection? CT imaging Laboratory special chemistries Bronchoalveolar lavage Diagnostic medical sonography

Bronchoalveolar lavage

Which of the following techniques performed during bronchoscopy may be particularly useful to look for cancer, alveolar bleeding, or infection? Diagnostic medical sonography CT imaging Bronchoalveolar lavage Laboratory special chemistries

Bronchoalveolar lavage

Certain types of patients with pneumonia may not be able to cough up sputum for testing. In these cases, which of the following diagnostic procedures may be of the most value? Thoracentesis Pleural biopsy Thoracotomy Bronchoscopy

Bronchoscopy

Unexplained pulmonary symptoms such as persistent cough, wheezing, dyspnea, or bronchoscopy may be investigated by which of the following techniques? Vascular ultrasonography Hematology Clinical chemistry Bronchoscopy

Bronchoscopy

Which of the following techniques allows the clinician to visualize the patient's lower airway and obtain samples that can aid in the diagnosis of infection, malignancy, and other diseases? Bronchoscopy Vascular ultrasound Thoracentesis Laryngoscopy

Bronchoscopy

Which of the following techniques will allow the clinician to directly remove foreign bodies from the airway or to clear mucus plugs directly from the airway? Bronchoscopy Thoracotomy Thoracentesis Video-assisted surgery

Bronchoscopy

A device that incorporates a curvilinear ultrasound probe at the end with Doppler capability to better assess vascular structures and lymph nodes refers to which of the following? Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) Thoracentesis Rigid bronchoscopy

Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)

Which of the following is a safer, less invasive, and most cost-effective technique that is especially useful for sampling of mediastinal lymph nodes? Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) Mediastinoscopy Transbronchial lung biopsy (TBBx)

Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)

A pleural effusion may be transudative or exudative. Choose the correct statement regarding types of pleural effusion. Transudative effusions may be caused by infection, cancer, or left ventricular failure. Renal failure, liver failure, or cirrhosis is a common cause of exudative effusions. Exudative effusions can be caused by infection, cancer, or pulmonary embolus. Bacterial or viral pneumonia is a common cause of transudative pleural diffusion.

Exudative effusions can be caused by infection, cancer, or pulmonary embolus.

A sheath containing cables with fiber-optic fibers, a light source, and a channel to facilitate the use of forceps, sterile brush, cytology brush, fine-needle aspiration, and suctioning describes which of the following? Fiber-optic flexible bronchoscope A specially constructed, rigid bronchoscope for use in the operating suite A device especially useful for performing noninvasive thoracotomies Fiber-optic pleural sampling system

Fiber-optic flexible bronchoscope

Foreign bodies may sometimes be removed using forceps or snares during which of the following procedures? Ultrasound-guided endoscopy Flexible bronchoscopy Open lung biopsy Thoracotomy

Flexible bronchoscopy

Which of the following devices or techniques is most useful for sampling of parenchymal masses and nodules suspicious for cancer, obtaining bronchoalveolar samples to diagnose infection, and evaluating hemoptysis, cough, and infiltrates in an immunocompromised patient? Thoracentesis Flexible bronchoscopy Open lung biopsy Pleural biopsy

Flexible bronchoscopy

Which of the following techniques can sometimes be used for diagnostic sampling of mediastinal lymph adenopathy, assessing endobronchial tissue for an obstructing lesion, and sampling both endobronchial and parenchymal tissue to assess for conditions such as sarcoidosis, interstitial lung disease, and cancer? Mediastinoscopy High-resolution CT scan Flexible bronchoscopy Pulmonary angiography

Flexible bronchoscopy

Which of the following techniques is most useful to identify the source and location of hemoptysis? Flexible bronchoscopy Ultrasound imaging CT scan Chest x-ray

Flexible bronchoscopy

Choose the correct statement about the performance of flexible bronchoscopy. Endotracheal tube intubation is typically required prior to beginning. Flexible bronchoscopy requires general anesthesia. Patients rarely are given oxygen therapy during the procedure. Flexible bronchoscopy typically uses conscious sedation techniques.

Flexible bronchoscopy typically uses conscious sedation techniques.

The insertion of a hollow reed or tube into the airway of the suffocating patient was first described by: Hippocrates. Aristotle. Kohler. Killian.

Hippocrates.

Samples often are taken during the bronchoscopy procedure. Which of the following represents the correct sequencing of sampling, from first to last? Bronchoalveolar lavage, transbronchial tissue, sterile brush, cytologic brush sample Sterile brush, cytologic brush, transbronchial tissue, followed by bronchoalveolar lavage Cytologic brush, sterile brush, bronchoalveolar lavage, transbronchial tissue sample Transbronchial tissue, sterile brush, bronchoalveolar lavage, cytologic brush sample

Sterile brush, cytologic brush, transbronchial tissue, followed by bronchoalveolar lavage

Which of the following techniques allows for removal of pleural fluid for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes? Laryngoscopy Tracheostomy Bronchoscopy Thoracentesis

Thoracentesis

Which of the following techniques is most useful for locating a small pocket of pleural fluid for diagnostic purposes? Ultrasound imaging Bronchoscopy Open lung biopsy Thoracentesis

Thoracentesis

Flexible bronchoscopy typically uses conscious sedation techniques? True False

True

A surgical procedure performed in the operating room under general anesthesia refers to which of the following techniques? Transbronchial biopsy Thoracentesis Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) Brush cytology

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS)

Popcorn, vegetables, corn, chicken bones, beans, lost teeth, coins, or nails are all materials that: are often associated with the development of pulmonary edema. often cause an allergic reaction if inhaled. may cause excessive salivation and drooling. are commonly aspirated into the tracheal bronchial tree.

are commonly aspirated into the tracheal bronchial tree.

In this procedure, the bronchoscope is used to locate the subsegment of interest in the lung. The tip of the bronchoscope is then wedged into that subsegment and 20 to 40 mL of saline is pushed out into the airway. The solution is then suctioned back into a collection container. This technique is called: bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). fine-needle tissue aspiration. transbronchial biopsy. endobronchial ultrasound

bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL).

All of the following should be monitored during bronchoscopy, except: heart rate and blood pressure. pulse oximetry. carboxyhemoglobin level. ability of the patient to tolerate the procedure.

carboxyhemoglobin level.

Which of the following devices allow for visualization of the vocal cords, larynx, trachea, and tracheal bronchial tree, down to the segmental airways?

flexible bronchoscope

A careful history, including smoking history, active alcohol or drug use, reactions to medications, allergy, and history of pulmonary, cardiac, or renal disease should be performed prior to initiating: measurement of vital signs. pulse oximetry. oxygen therapy. flexible bronchoscopy.

flexible bronchoscopy.

A recent history of myocardial infarction, unstable arrhythmias, poorly controlled bronchial asthma, respiratory is insufficiency with hypoxia or hypercarbia, coagulopathy, uremia, and or significant hypertension or hypotension are all relative contraindications to: chest radiography. hematology. flexible bronchoscopy. thoracentesis.

flexible bronchoscopy.

Transbronchial biopsy obtained during bronchoscopy may be particularly useful in evaluation of patients with: COPD. interstitial lung disease. pulmonary edema. pleural effusion.

interstitial lung disease.

A loss of between 200 and 600 mL of blood within a 12- to 24-hour timeframe is defined as: minor hemoptysis. massive hemoptysis. anemia. hematologic deficiency.

massive hemoptysis.

A rigid bronchoscope may be required to: provide adequate oxygenation remove large foreign bodies support obtaining a BAL provide ventilator support

remove large foreign bodies

A procedure typically performed while the patient is sitting on the edge of the bed leaning forward with his or her arms resting on a bedside table refers to: thoracentesis open lung biopsy bronchoscopy endoscopy

thoracentesis

All of the following tests may be of value in assessing patients with hemoptysis, except: arterial blood gases to assess oxygenation and ventilation. CBC to include coagulation parameters. chest imaging. urinalysis.

urinalysis.