BSC 109 Ch 8 Homework

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Blood pressure is highest in

arteries

When blood leaves the heart it first enters

arteries

_______ carry blood away from the heart and ______ carry blood toward the heart.

arteries ; veins

Buildup of fatty deposits on the inner walls of arteries

atherosclerosis

Which of the following would interfere most with the ability of the veins to return blood to the heart?

absence of valves in the veins

Most gas exchange with blood vessels occurs across the walls of the _______

alveoli

Sensation of tightness an pain in the chest associated with insufficient blood circulation to the heart

angina pectpris

Blood pressure is highest in the ______.

aorta

Which one of the following statements is true regarding arterioles and arteries?

arterioles are smaller and have less smooth muscle than arteries

Medium - and large-size vessels maintain a partial state of muscle contraction, resulting in high intravessel pressure

artery

This blood vessel transports blood from the heart to capillaries

artery

Which of the choices represents the order of vessels through which blood passes after leaving the heart?

artery, arteriole, capillary, venule, vein

The inner walls are lined with endothelium to create a smooth, low-friction surface

artery, vein

Arthrosclerosis is a condition that results in a thickening of arterial walls due to buildup of fatty deposits containing

cholesterol

Accumulation of fluid in the tissues due to a weak heart becoming less efficient at pumping blood

congestive heart failure

Which one of the following is a symptom of a heart attack?

intense chest pain

Blood pressure in veins is lower than that in arteries, and a series of ______ are necessary to prevent backflow of blood

one-way valves

Each of the following mechanisms plays a role in the return of blood to the heart via veins except which one?

osmotic pressure exerted by plasma proteins in the blood

The movement of blood through the pulmonary circuit transports ______.

oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

In the ______ circuit, blood leaving the _____ ultimately delivers oxygen and nutrients to all the body's tissues and organs.

systemic, left ventricle

In which one of the following blood vessels is blood under the lowest pressure?

vein

Skeletal muscle pumps aid blood flow

vein

This blood vessel transports blood from the capillaries to heart

vein

Which one of the following is a correct statement?

veins are more distensible than arteries

Vasodilation of arterioles ______ their diameter, _______ blood flow to the capillaries.

increases ; increasing

The _____ has (have) the thinnest walls.

capillaries

All of the following are features of capillaries that promote exchange between blood and interstitial fluid except which one?

capillaries have tiny valves that keep the blood flowing in one direction.

Carbon dioxide enters the blood at the _____.

capillaries of the head, forelimbs, abdominal organs, and hind limbs

This blood vessel permits exchange of nutrients and gases between blood and tissues

capillary

Blood pumped from the right ventricle is ______ and enters the _______.

deoxygenated, pulmonary trunk

Blockage of a blood vessel, usually due to a floating blood clot

embolism

Death of a portion of the heart due to an inadequate oxygen supply

heart attack

When the force of blood on the walls of blood vessels drops below normal, the condition is referred to as

hypotension

From the pulmonary veins, blood flows to the ______.

left atrium

An electrocardiogram is used to

measure to electrical activity of the heart

Which one of the following symptoms is most typical of hypertension?

most often there are no symptoms

The left ventricle has a more muscular wall than the other three chambers of the heart because the left ventricle

must generate enough blood pressure to pump blood into the aorta and throughout the body

A heart attack occurs as a result of ______.

narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries

From the capillaries of the abdominal organs and hind limbs, blood flows to the ______.

posterior vena cava

Which of the following might be treated appropriately by administering clot-dissolving drugs?

pulmonary embolism

Blood returns to the heart via the _____

pulmonary veins

Which vein(s) carry oxygenated blood?

right and left pulmonary veins

From the anterior vena cava, blood flows to the _____.

right atrium

After blood flows through the right atrium of the heart, its next major destination is the

right ventricle

Brain damage caused by an inadequate suooly of blood

stroke


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