BSC 109 Ch 8 Homework
Blood pressure is highest in
arteries
When blood leaves the heart it first enters
arteries
_______ carry blood away from the heart and ______ carry blood toward the heart.
arteries ; veins
Buildup of fatty deposits on the inner walls of arteries
atherosclerosis
Which of the following would interfere most with the ability of the veins to return blood to the heart?
absence of valves in the veins
Most gas exchange with blood vessels occurs across the walls of the _______
alveoli
Sensation of tightness an pain in the chest associated with insufficient blood circulation to the heart
angina pectpris
Blood pressure is highest in the ______.
aorta
Which one of the following statements is true regarding arterioles and arteries?
arterioles are smaller and have less smooth muscle than arteries
Medium - and large-size vessels maintain a partial state of muscle contraction, resulting in high intravessel pressure
artery
This blood vessel transports blood from the heart to capillaries
artery
Which of the choices represents the order of vessels through which blood passes after leaving the heart?
artery, arteriole, capillary, venule, vein
The inner walls are lined with endothelium to create a smooth, low-friction surface
artery, vein
Arthrosclerosis is a condition that results in a thickening of arterial walls due to buildup of fatty deposits containing
cholesterol
Accumulation of fluid in the tissues due to a weak heart becoming less efficient at pumping blood
congestive heart failure
Which one of the following is a symptom of a heart attack?
intense chest pain
Blood pressure in veins is lower than that in arteries, and a series of ______ are necessary to prevent backflow of blood
one-way valves
Each of the following mechanisms plays a role in the return of blood to the heart via veins except which one?
osmotic pressure exerted by plasma proteins in the blood
The movement of blood through the pulmonary circuit transports ______.
oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
In the ______ circuit, blood leaving the _____ ultimately delivers oxygen and nutrients to all the body's tissues and organs.
systemic, left ventricle
In which one of the following blood vessels is blood under the lowest pressure?
vein
Skeletal muscle pumps aid blood flow
vein
This blood vessel transports blood from the capillaries to heart
vein
Which one of the following is a correct statement?
veins are more distensible than arteries
Vasodilation of arterioles ______ their diameter, _______ blood flow to the capillaries.
increases ; increasing
The _____ has (have) the thinnest walls.
capillaries
All of the following are features of capillaries that promote exchange between blood and interstitial fluid except which one?
capillaries have tiny valves that keep the blood flowing in one direction.
Carbon dioxide enters the blood at the _____.
capillaries of the head, forelimbs, abdominal organs, and hind limbs
This blood vessel permits exchange of nutrients and gases between blood and tissues
capillary
Blood pumped from the right ventricle is ______ and enters the _______.
deoxygenated, pulmonary trunk
Blockage of a blood vessel, usually due to a floating blood clot
embolism
Death of a portion of the heart due to an inadequate oxygen supply
heart attack
When the force of blood on the walls of blood vessels drops below normal, the condition is referred to as
hypotension
From the pulmonary veins, blood flows to the ______.
left atrium
An electrocardiogram is used to
measure to electrical activity of the heart
Which one of the following symptoms is most typical of hypertension?
most often there are no symptoms
The left ventricle has a more muscular wall than the other three chambers of the heart because the left ventricle
must generate enough blood pressure to pump blood into the aorta and throughout the body
A heart attack occurs as a result of ______.
narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries
From the capillaries of the abdominal organs and hind limbs, blood flows to the ______.
posterior vena cava
Which of the following might be treated appropriately by administering clot-dissolving drugs?
pulmonary embolism
Blood returns to the heart via the _____
pulmonary veins
Which vein(s) carry oxygenated blood?
right and left pulmonary veins
From the anterior vena cava, blood flows to the _____.
right atrium
After blood flows through the right atrium of the heart, its next major destination is the
right ventricle
Brain damage caused by an inadequate suooly of blood
stroke