Burton
procedures
...sequence of steps designed to lead students to the acquistion of learning objectives
stages of backward curr design
1 ID desired results 2 assessment 3plan learning experience and instruction
3 models of learning Bruner
1 enactive- doing iconic- forming mental images symbolic- abstract symbolks or representations. foundation for discovery learning
example of instrcutional objective
Given a set of specific requirements, the student will be able to use a word processing program to write a one page paper with no errors. Given the voltage and resistance, the student will be able to calculate the surrent in a series of parrellel circuit with 100% accuracy
instructional objectives Mager
Mager. communicate learning intent. 3 componets of instructional intent: behavior, conditions, criteria.
MOntessori
Montesorri Method- system for educating kids, develops kidss knowledge and skills through sets of aterials and physical excercises. child-centered, kids have choice of what they wsnt to do
5 elements of cooperative learning
Positive Interdependence Indvidual Accoutability Equal Participation Simultaneou Interaction
Reflection
Self knowledge and self assessment
example of informational objective
The student wil be able to use a word processing software program. The student will be able to compute the current in a series or parrell circuit
Curriculum Mapping
a method of collecting whats students are taught and helps teachers from repeating lessons. Teachers enter it into a computer database using 1content, 2specific skills 3assessments
divergent questions
allow for many correct responses. Why do you suppose we need houses?
convergent questions
alow for only a few rght responses. Who what where What is square root of 64
informal assessment
are not data driven but rather content and performance driven. For example, running records are informal assessments because they indicate how well a student is reading a specific book
Constructivism
based on work of piaget,dewy, vydotsky. learners construct their own understanding and knowledge of the world by their experiences adn reflections.Active learning
Blooms taxonomy of objectives
classifies cognitive ability into 6 categories knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis,evaluation
Blooms three domains of objectives (three types of learning)
cognitive affective pyshcomotor
essential questions
concepts that focus on topics in a lesson and provoke critical thinking
dispositions
differences btween the way people prepare themselves, plan, andhave different habits
Vygotsky
emphasized social interaction. ZPD (cannot). Scaffold. laid foundation for constructivism
Jerome Bruner
emphasized the importance of understanding essential concepts of a subject. MUst be Active. foundation for discovery learning
The learning model
engage, evaluate,elaborate,explore, explain
F Froebel
father of kindergarten. kids learn through playing such as circle time, singing, storytelling.
objectives
focused upon student learnbing as a result of instruction. objectives are more specific, you should be able to measure or observe what teh students have learned
discovery learning
focuses learning through supervised problem solving using scientific method. Students encouraged to learn through their own exploration
Jean Rossuae
humanist. promoted natural educational environment that does nit restrict kids natural growth and dev. educators hsould provide developmentally appropriate acvitities that ensure children dev a healthy sense of self worth and morality. kids evolve through maturation
IEP
individual education plan. spedcial ed
inquiry learnign
instructional method thay focuses on the flexible yet systematic process of problem solving
Johann Pestalozzi
kids learn through senses and concrete experiences. instead of teaching to memorize, kids learn by doin
piaget
kids progress through cognitive stages (4). focused on dev appropriate edu. Schema theory- kids group things into categories. assimilation/accomodation.
Formative Assessment
occure during instruction while students are forming their knowledge. Examples: daily student work, students responses to discussion questions,
instrcutional obj book vesion (4 elements)
performanc, product, conditions,criteria
No Chilld Left Behind Act
pg 17
Planning guidelines for working with special ed
pg 31
Assessment
process of gathering information about students, the cuirriculum and the school environment through observation, discussions, tests,portfolios, throug informal observation
Performance assessment types
questioning and observing
rubric
scoring guides with specific criteria that establish uniform student evaluatin. hueristic and analyitc
discussion
small group or whole group activity during which students exhcange and share ideas about an assigned topic
informational objective
specify only the student performance and the product
John dewy
students need to apply what they learn to real life situations. learn through interacting and exploring to solve authentic problems. focused on students interest rather than subject matter. Student-centered curriculum
performance asses
students perform a task to demonstrate what they have learned
Culminating task
tasks the students will do to determin if they know the material
Direct teaching
teacher-centered approch that is characterized by the teachers direction and control, effective use of class time, minimal behavoir disruptions,
hueristic method
teachers allow students to learn through problem solving, discovery, inquiry, etc
Formal assessment
tests
metacognition
thinking about thinking
Culminating Task should include
understanding concepts, inquiry and design skills, communication of knowledge, relating new learning to the outside world
constructivism
view that emphasizes the active view of the learner in buiklding understandig and making sense of info. Not only with self but with others.
zone of proximal dev
vygotsky. tasks that a child canNOT do alone
backward curr design
wiggins and mctighe. 3 stage approach thst identifies desired results first and then works backwards to determine assement criteria before developing instruction to achieve desired results
Assitive technology
working with special ed. braile
educational goals
written for a school course or unit, informational and instructional objectives support that goal by specifying how students will demonstarte their computer literacy. educational goals give us general direction in deciding what to teach. Ex. the styudent will develop computer literacy
Summative Asses
yields grades, completed after instruction to determine the extent of students learning