BUSG 129 Chapter 10 smart learn

Globalization has created a need for managers to understand cultural differences in order to ______ employees around the world.

motivate

According to Maslow, needs that have already been satisfied no longer provide ______.

motivation.

Herzberg studied job-related factors as they relate to ______.

motivation.

Job enrichment focuses on enhancing the elements most closely related to Herzberg's ______ or higher level needs as defined in his theory.

motivators

An assumption about people made by a Theory Y manager is that people:

naturally like to work.

Maslow's theory states that once needs are met they:

no longer motivate.

Equity theory states that employees:

perceptions of fairness affect motivation, try to maintain equity between what they put into a job and what they get out of it, and compare their inputs and outputs to those of others in similar positions.

The unexpected results in the first set of Hawthorne Experiments that led to the second set of experiments was:

productivity continued to increase regardless of changing conditions.

During the second set of Hawthorne Experiments,

researchers realized there had to be another factor affecting productivity, productivity continued to increase regardless of changing conditions, and researchers thought they had failed due to the unexpected results.

A culture that focuses on the ______ and views relationship building as a waste of time is a low-context culture.

task

Managers must recognize that motivating individuals today requires:

that generations have different cultures, understanding of different cultures within a country, and familiarity with a variety of cultures from around the world.

When asked in a survey their reason for changing jobs:

more participants listed lack of appreciation.

According to Ouchi's research about the effect of national culture on organizations, Type ______ management relies on individual decision making and achievement.

A

Job enrichment theory is based on the higher level motivators of which theorists?

Abraham Maslow and Frederick Herzberg.

The idea that setting ambitious, but attainable goals can motivate workers and improve performance if the goals are accepted and accompanied by feedback and facilitated by organizational conditions is at the heart of which motivation theory?

Drucker's goal-setting theory.

What theory is based on the idea that employees try to maintain fairness or balance between inputs and outputs as compared to others in similar positions?

Equity.

______ theory states that an individual will not put forth effort without first evaluating their ability to perform the task and the value they place on the reward.

Expectancy

The study that asked workers to rank a list of job-related factors in order of what motivated them most was a new direction taken by:

Frederick Herzberg.

The "Principles of Scientific Management" was written by:

Frederick Taylor.

According to Ouchi's Theory, which of these elements are included in Type A management?

Individual decision making and rapid promotion.

Which of the following is about a manager's attitudes and assumptions about workers?

McGregor's Theory X and McGregor's Theory Y.

Frederick Taylor wrote:

The Principles of Scientific Management.

If one manager views most employees as motivated to do work while a second manager views most employees as lazy, they are operating under which of the following management theories respectively?

Theory Y and Theory X.

McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y identified assumptions manager's have about workers. Select the statements below that represent a Theory X manager's beliefs.

Workers prefer to avoid responsibility and workers are motivated by fear and punishment.

According to a survey of recent college graduates, opportunities for ______ are important in attracting and retaining employees.

advancement

The belief that your work makes a difference and gives you satisfaction is an example of:

an intrinsic reward.

Companies like Ford are using self-managed teams to improve productivity by allowing teams enough ______ to solve problems and meet objectives.

autonomy

Self-managed teams improve productivity because the members appreciate having the ______ to control their own work.

autonomy

Employee empowerment cannot be successful without clear and open ______ throughout an organization.

communication

The key to successful employee empowerment is free-flowing ______ and information throughout the organization.

communication

Gen Xers, Millennials, and Gen Z expect change to be the main ______ in their lives.

constant

Free-flowing communication and information throughout an organization are the key to successful:

empowerment.

Vroom's motivation theory states that the amount of effort that employees exert on a specific task is based on their ______ of the outcome.

expectations

______-______ theory, the basis for Management by Objectives developed by Peter Drucker in the 1960s, proposes that setting ambitious, but attainable goals can motivate workers and improve performance.

goal; setting

Characteristics of the Millennial Generation include:

having been raised by indulgent parents, always having the Internet in their world, and having cell phones.

While workers in the United States are more task oriented and require information to do their jobs, workers from Korea are more motivated by strong relationships and developing trust to do the same job. That is because Korea is a ______ context culture and the U.S. is a ______ context culture.

high, low

The second set of Hawthorne Experiments continued to result in ______ productivity regardless of changing physical conditions.

increased

The personal satisfaction you feel when you perform well and complete goals is an example of a(n) ______ reward.

intrinsic

An assumption about people by a Theory Y manager would be that workers ______ work.

like

According to McGregor, Theory X managers view employees as:

wishing to avoid responsibility.