Buying on margin
Glass-Steagall Act
(Banking Act of 1933) - Established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and included banking reforms, some designed to control speculation. Repealed in 1999, opening the door to scandals involving banks and stock investment companies.
Social Security Act
(FDR) 1935, guaranteed retirement payments for enrolled workers beginning at age 65; set up federal-state system of unemployment insurance and care for dependent mothers and children, the handicapped, and public health
Wagner Act
1935, also National Labor Relations Act; granted rights to unions; allowed collective bargaining
Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR)
32nd President of the United States, Roosevelt, the President of the United States during the Depression and WWII. He instituted the New Deal. Served from 1933 to 1945, he was the only president in U.S. history to be elected to four terms
Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act
A law, enacted in 1930, that established the highest protective tariff in U.S. history, worsening the depression in America and abroad.
Dust Bowl
A nickname for the Great Plains regions hit by drought and dust storms in the early 1930s
New Deal
A series of reforms enacted by the Franklin Roosevelt administration between 1933 and 1942 with the goal of ending the Great Depression.
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
Agency established in 1932 to provide emergency relief to large businesses, insurance companies, and banks.
CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps)
Civilian Conservation Corps. It was Relief that provided work for young men 18-25 years old in food control, planting, flood work, etc.
NIRA (National Industrial Recovery Act)
Created NRA to enforce codes of fair competition, minimum wages, and to permit collective bargaining of workers.
Boulder Dam
Dam on the Colorado River built during the Depression to create jobs
Bonus Army
Group of WWI vets. that marched to D.C. in 1932 to demand the immediate payment of their goverment war bonuses in cash
TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority)
New Deal program which gave electricity and jobs to rural Appalachia, including AL
Black Tuesday
October 29, 1929; date of the worst stock-market crash in American history and beginning of the Great Depression.
NYA (National Youth Administration)
Provided job training for unemployed young people and part-time jobs for needy students
Herbert Hoover
Republican candidate who assumed the presidency in March 1929 promising the American people prosperity and attempted to first deal with the Depression by trying to restore public faith in the community.
Shantytowns
Unplanned slum development on the margins of cities, dominated by crude dwellings and shelters made mostly of scrap wood, iron, and even pieces of cardboard.
Federal Home Loan Bank Act
a law, enacted in 1931, that lowered home mortgage rates and allowed farmers to refinance their loans and avoid foreclosure
FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)
an agency developed by the federal government to regulate banking and and investment activivties
Direct Relief
cash payments or food provided by the government to the poor
NLRB (National Labor Relations Board)
created under Wagner Act; acted as a mediator in labor disputes between unions and employers
bread line
line of people waiting for food handouts from charities or public agencies
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
monitors the stock market and enforces laws regulating the sale of stocks and bonds
buying on margin
paying a small percentage of a stock's price as a down payment and borrowing the rest.
soup kitchen
place where food is provided to the needy at little or no charge
WPA (Works Progress Administration)
put jobless to work building hospitals,schools, parks, and airports
AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Act)
regulated farm production, helped to raise farm income
Federal Securities Act
required corporations to provide complete information on all stock offerings and made them liable for any misrepresentations
Great Depression
the economic crisis beginning with the stock market crash in 1929 and continuing through the 1930s