Buying on margin

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Glass-Steagall Act

(Banking Act of 1933) - Established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and included banking reforms, some designed to control speculation. Repealed in 1999, opening the door to scandals involving banks and stock investment companies.

Social Security Act

(FDR) 1935, guaranteed retirement payments for enrolled workers beginning at age 65; set up federal-state system of unemployment insurance and care for dependent mothers and children, the handicapped, and public health

Wagner Act

1935, also National Labor Relations Act; granted rights to unions; allowed collective bargaining

Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR)

32nd President of the United States, Roosevelt, the President of the United States during the Depression and WWII. He instituted the New Deal. Served from 1933 to 1945, he was the only president in U.S. history to be elected to four terms

Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act

A law, enacted in 1930, that established the highest protective tariff in U.S. history, worsening the depression in America and abroad.

Dust Bowl

A nickname for the Great Plains regions hit by drought and dust storms in the early 1930s

New Deal

A series of reforms enacted by the Franklin Roosevelt administration between 1933 and 1942 with the goal of ending the Great Depression.

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

Agency established in 1932 to provide emergency relief to large businesses, insurance companies, and banks.

CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps)

Civilian Conservation Corps. It was Relief that provided work for young men 18-25 years old in food control, planting, flood work, etc.

NIRA (National Industrial Recovery Act)

Created NRA to enforce codes of fair competition, minimum wages, and to permit collective bargaining of workers.

Boulder Dam

Dam on the Colorado River built during the Depression to create jobs

Bonus Army

Group of WWI vets. that marched to D.C. in 1932 to demand the immediate payment of their goverment war bonuses in cash

TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority)

New Deal program which gave electricity and jobs to rural Appalachia, including AL

Black Tuesday

October 29, 1929; date of the worst stock-market crash in American history and beginning of the Great Depression.

NYA (National Youth Administration)

Provided job training for unemployed young people and part-time jobs for needy students

Herbert Hoover

Republican candidate who assumed the presidency in March 1929 promising the American people prosperity and attempted to first deal with the Depression by trying to restore public faith in the community.

Shantytowns

Unplanned slum development on the margins of cities, dominated by crude dwellings and shelters made mostly of scrap wood, iron, and even pieces of cardboard.

Federal Home Loan Bank Act

a law, enacted in 1931, that lowered home mortgage rates and allowed farmers to refinance their loans and avoid foreclosure

FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)

an agency developed by the federal government to regulate banking and and investment activivties

Direct Relief

cash payments or food provided by the government to the poor

NLRB (National Labor Relations Board)

created under Wagner Act; acted as a mediator in labor disputes between unions and employers

bread line

line of people waiting for food handouts from charities or public agencies

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

monitors the stock market and enforces laws regulating the sale of stocks and bonds

buying on margin

paying a small percentage of a stock's price as a down payment and borrowing the rest.

soup kitchen

place where food is provided to the needy at little or no charge

WPA (Works Progress Administration)

put jobless to work building hospitals,schools, parks, and airports

AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Act)

regulated farm production, helped to raise farm income

Federal Securities Act

required corporations to provide complete information on all stock offerings and made them liable for any misrepresentations

Great Depression

the economic crisis beginning with the stock market crash in 1929 and continuing through the 1930s


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