C++ Ch. 1 Introduction to Computers and Programming

An Integrated Development Environment (IDE) typically consists of

All of these (a text editor, a compiler, and a debugger)

In programming, the terms "line" and "statement" always mean the same thing. T/F

False

Machine language is an example of a high-level language. T/F

False

Programs are often referred to as hardware. T/F

False

The preprocessor executes after the compiler. T/F

False

A volatile type of memory that is used for temporary storage is

RAM (random access memory)

The purpose of a memory address is:

To identify the location of a byte in memory

In C++, key words are written in all lowercase letters. T/F

True

Software engineering is a field that encompasses designing, writing, testing, debugging, documenting, modifying, and maintaining computer programs. T/F

True

The CPU is the most important component in a computer because without it, the computer could not run software. T/F

True

The term "bit" stands for binary digit. T/F

True

This is a complete instruction that causes the computer to perform some action:

statement

This is a set of rules that must be followed when constructing a program:

syntax

The two parts of the CPU are

the Control Unit and the Arithmetic and Logic Unit

What does the term hardware refer to?

the physical components that make up a computer

The programmer usually enters source code into a computer with

a text editor

Computer programs are also known as

software

When a programmer saves to a file the statements he or she writes to create a program, these statements are

source code

A named storage location in the computer's memory that holds a piece of information is a(n)

variable

Which of the following is NOT one of the major components of a computer system?

the preprocessor (the CPU, input/output devices, secondary storage, main memory ARE major components of computer system)

A variable definition defines the name of a variable that will be used in a program, as well as:

the type of data it will be used to hold

At the heart of a computer is its central processing unit. The CPU's job is:

All of these (to fetch instructions, to carry out the operations commanded by the instructions, and to produce some outcome or resultant information)

The ______ decodes an instruction and generates an electronic signal.

Control Unit (in CPU)

The first step in writing a program is to

clearly define what the program is to do

_______ are used to translate each source code introduction into the appropriate machine language instruction.

compilers

During which stage does the central processing unit (CPU) analyze the instruction and encode it in the form of a number, and then generate an electronic signal?

decode

The programming process consists of several steps, which include:

design, creation, testing, debugging

The CPU's control unit retrieves the next instruction in a sequence of a program instructions from main memory in the ______ stage.

fetch

A model often used when creating a program that begins with the overall task and refines it into smaller subtasks is a(n)

hierarchy chart

A computer stores a program while it is running

in main memory

Words that have a special meaning and may be used only for their intended purpose are known as

key words

Mistakes that cause a running program to produce incorrect results are called:

logic errors

Characters or symbols that perform operations on one or more operands are:

operators

Which of the following is NOT a common input device?

printer (keyboard, digital camera, mouse ARE common input devices)

A(n) ____ is a set of instructions that the computer follows to solve a problem.

program

This is used in a program to mark the beginning or ending of a statement, or separate items in a list:

punctuation

Programs are normally stored in _____ and loaded into main memory as needed.

secondary storage