Capter 3&4 small engines
Insert
A valve seat ____ is a separate machined engine component pressed into the cylinder block that provides the sealing surface for a valve
----
A(n) _____ is the removable section of a two-piece connecting rod that provides a bearing surface for the crankpin journal
ingestion
Abrasive____ is a cause of engine failure through the undesirable introduction of abrasive particles into a small engine
piston head
A(n) ____is the top surface of the piston, which is subjected to tremendous forces and heat during normal operation
racker arm
A(n)___ is an engine component that acts as a pivoting device for opening and closing overhead valves
interference
A(n)____ angle is the intentional deviation from a specification of two mating machine components to improve seating quality after a sufficient break in period
Overhead valve
A(n)____ engine is an engine that has valves and related components located in the cylinder head
glow plug
A(n)____ is a Diesel engine component that preheats air inside the combustion chamber to facilitate ignition of the charge
piston
A(n)____ is a cylindrical engine component that slides back and forth in the cylinder bore by forces produced during the combustion process
Cam lob
A(n)____ is an egg-shaped protrusion on the camshaft that moves a tappet to open a valve
Crankcase
A(n)____ is an engine component that houses and supports the crankshaft
connecting rod
A(n)____ is an engine component that transfers motion from the piston to the crankshaft and functions as a lever arm
race
A(n)____ is the bearing surface in an anti-friction bearing that supports rolling elements during rotation
Head gasket
A(n)____ is the filler material placed between the cylinder block and cylinder head to seal the combustion chamber
Bearing
A(n)____ journal is a precision ground surface within which the crankshaft rotates
turbine
A(n)___is a component that provides a turbocharger with the needed rotational force to compress ambient air to a positive pressure
reduced
As the piston moves toward TDC, The volume of the combustion chamber is ____
Piston
During compression, heat is produced from the work applied by the _____
Windows
Piston ____ are a series of small holes machined into the oil ring groove surface of the piston.
2
Small engines commonly have____ valves per cylinder
prony brake
The ____ dynamometer is a dynamometer used to measure engine torque using a brake that exerts pressure on a spring scale
throw
The ____ is the measurement from the center of the crankshaft to the center of the crankpin journal, which is used to determine the stroke of an engine
Charge
The ____ is the volume of compressed air-fuel mixture trapped inside the combustion chamber ready for ignition
ring
The piston_____ should be expanded only enough to slide over the head of the piston
face
The valve ____ is the machine surface of a valve that mates with the valve seat to seal the combustion chamber
valving system
The___ in a two-stroke cycle engine requires fewer parts, making it lighter in weight than a four-stroke cycle engine
power
The____ event is an engine operation event in which hot expanding gases force the piston head away from the cylinder head
crank gear
The____ is a gear located on the crankshaft that is used to drive other parts of an engine
Sump
The____ is a removable part of the engine crankcase that serves as an oil reservoir and provides access to internal parts
Engine block
The____ is the main structure of an engine which supports and helps maintain alignment of internal and external components
skirt
The____ of a piston is the portion of the piston closest to the crankshaft that helps align the piston as it moves in the cylinder bore
Stroke
The____ of an engine is the linear distance that a piston travels in the cylinder bore from top dead center to bottom dead center
overlap
Valve____ is the period during engine operation when both intake and exhaust valves are open at the same time
Vapor
When gasoline is heated, it changes rapidly from a liquid to a(n)_____
Break-in
____ is the process that causes the running surfaces of piston rings and the surface of the cylinder bore to conform to each other
side
____ loading is the application of an undesirable unilateral force to an engine. component or components
Thermal
_____ conductivity is the ability of a material to conduct and transfer heat
thermal
_____ efficiency is a measurement that compares the amount of chemical energy available in fuel converted into heat energy used to produce useful work
Thermal
_____ growth is the increase in size of a material when heated, with little or no change back to original dimensions
Hardfacing
_____ is the application of material to an engine component to improve wear resistance from load, heat, and chemical corrosion
innerent
_____ pressure is the internal spring force that expands a piston ring based on the diagnosis and properties of the material used
Austenitic
_____ steel is a heat-resistive metal alloy consisting of cobalt, tungsten, and chromium
conesion
______ is the molecular attraction by which atoms and molecules are united throughout the mass
transesterification
_____is a chemical process used to produce biodiesel fuel, where glycerin is separated from fat or vegetable oil
Preignition
_____is an undesirable engine condition which occurs when a small portion of a combustion chamber component or a particle in the combustion chamber becomes excessively heated and ignites the charge as it enters the combustion chamber
brake
____horsepower, or shaft horsepower, is the amount of usable power taken from an engine