Cell Membrane
What is the difference between active and passive transport?
Active uses ATP (energy) and passive does not need energy
Controls the passage of materials inside and outside of the cell:
Cell Membrane
It forms a boundary between the inside and outside of the cell:
Cell Membrane
This is a balance that organisms maintain through cell-regulating adjustments:
Homeostasis
Water loving:
Hydrophilic
Water fearing:
Hydrophobic
An example of pump transport is
Na+/K+ Pump
Hydrophobic region of the cell membrane?
Phospholipid Tail
_____ form the 2 layers of the cell membrane
Phospholipids
Something is _____ when some molecules can cross the membrane while others cannot
Selectively (Semi) Permeable
Something is ___________ ____________when some molecules can cross the membrane while others cannot.
Selectively (or Semi) Permeable
An animal cell placed in a hypertonic (salty) solution will
Shrink- get smaller
If you looked at red blood cells under a microscope and saw the blood cells exploded, what would you say happened?
The cells were placed in a hypotonic solution
Osmosis
diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
Active transport across a cell membrane from low to high concentration, requires
energy (ATP)
Passive Transport is the movement of particles across the membrane from an area of [ ___ ] to an area of [ ___ ]
high to low
Passive Transport uses ____ energy
no
active transport
the movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy.
Hydrophilic means...
water-loving
If there is 5 percent water inside a cell and 5 percent water outside a cell
There will be no movement of water cells
concentration gradient
A region along which the density of a chemical substance increases or decreases.
A phospholipid has 2 parts. What are they called?
Hydrophilic Head, Hydrophobic Tail
Both side of a selectively- permeable membrane are equal. The sides are ______.
Isotonic
facilitated diffusion
Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels
A _____ is composed of a phosphate and glycerol head and 2 fatty acid chain tails
Phospholipid
_____ have 2 functions in the cell membrane 1. They act like gatekeepers, only let certain things in 2. Enzyme receptors embedded in the membrane
Proteins
It forms a boundary between the inside of the cell and the outside of the cell.
cell membrane
osmosis
diffusion of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
What is equilibrium?
equal amount of substance on either side of the membrane
When both inside and outside of a cell have the same amount of water it is said that the cell has reached a state of......
equilibrium
What is the movement of particles with the concentration gradient using protein "helpers"?
facilitated diffusion
If a cell containing 5% salt is placed into a glass of water with 20% salt, the water is _______ compared to the cell.
hypertonic
Active transport is the movement of large materials across a cell membrane from ______ to ______ concentration
low to high
Semi-permeable
membranes that allow some substances through but not others
simple diffusion
movement of a solute from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without the use of carrier proteins
Passive Transport means
no energy is used
Diffusion & Facilitated Diffusion are both __________ transport.
passive
In a solution, salt is considered the _______.
solute
passive transport
the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell
The function of the plasma membrane is....
to regulate what enters and leaves the cell.
What does "bilayer" mean?
two layers
"Water Fearing"
hydrophobic
The sodium potassium pump usually pumps
sodium out of the cell
If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, the cell will _______.
swell (get bigger)
What is diffusion?
when molecules move from a high concentration to a low concentration.