Cell Organelles and Processes

Which organelles are found in both plant and animal cells?

Cell membrane Nucleus Cytoplasm Mitochondria Vacuoles Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Golgi Apparatus Lysosomes Ribosomes

Why do plant cells require cell walls?

Cell walls give the plant the ability to grow?

What is the function of the cell membrane?

It keeps track of what goes in and out of the cell, and maintains homeostasis (balance).

What is the function of the ribosomes?

It makes proteins.

What is the function of the cell wall?

It protects the cell, supports the plant, and allows it to grow tall. It allows water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide to pass in and out of cells.

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

It serves as the pathway for proteins. It transports the proteins to the Golgi Apparatus.

What is the function of the chloroplast?

It uses energy from the sun for photosynthesis. It is green in color.

What is the function of the Golgi Apparatus?

It packages the proteins to distribute to the rest of the cell?

What three questions would you ask in an interview with a mitochondria?

1). What is it like to be responsible for making all of the energy for the cell? 2). What is it like to be inside of a cell? 3). How do you make the cell's energy?

Why do plant cells require chloroplasts?

Chloroplasts give the plants their energy from the sun. They are responsible for photosynthesis.

Argue why a certain organelle is the best organelle.

Choose the organelle and explain your answer.

What is the function of the nucleus?

It is the "control center" or the "command center" for the cell. It gives the cell instructions for what to do, and contains the DNA.

What is the function of the mitochondria?

It is the energy power house of the cell.

What is the function of the vacuole?

It is the storage department of the cell?

Where can DNA be found in a prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell?

In a eukaryotic cell, the DNA can be found in the nucleus. Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. So, the DNA is located in the nucleoid, which is in the cytoplasm.

How are the nucleus and ribosomes (ER/Golgi body) connected?

In order for ribosomes to be able to make proteins, the nucleus has to give them the directions to do that. Then, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transports the proteins to the golgi body. The golgi body then packages the proteins to be distributed to the rest of the cell. The cell is like a factory. Each organelle has a different job. All organelles need to work together in order for the cell to be able to function properly.

What is the function of the lysosomes?

It breaks down and removes waste from the cell, and control's the cell's digestion.

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

It is "jello like" and protects the cell organelles.

Explain why a muscle cell has more mitochondria than skin cells.

Muscle cells require a lot more energy because they use a lot more energy (than skin cells).

What is the difference between plants and animal cells?

Plant cells have two organelles that animal cells do not have, which is the cell wall and the chloroplast.

Predict what would happen to plants if the Earth no longer received sunlight.

Plants would not be able to get their energy and grow.

Explain what happens to a plant cell inside of a celery when it begins to wilt?

The cell is not functioning the way it should be. For example, the cell wall is clearly not working because the celery is dead and cannot stand up straight.

Can you predict the outcome if the cell membrane was removed from the cell?

The cell membrane controls which materials move in and out of the cell. Without it, anything would be able to move in and out of the cell, including harmful substances. There would be no protection of these materials without the cell membrane.

What is the function of the cell wall and the chloroplast?

The cell wall protects the cell. It supports the plant and allows it to grow tall. It allows water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide to pass in and out of cells.

If the plant cell no longer had a chloroplast, what would happen?

The cells would not be able to have their own food or carry out photosynthesis.