Cell Quest!

Water moves out of the cell to where the solute is high and the water is low

Hypertonic

Exocytosis

The export/ removal of large materials with the help of transport vesicles.

Osmosis

type of facilitated diffusion that moves water across the semipermeable membrane. The function is to transport water through transport proteins (aquaporins). The overall movement of water will be toward the side of the membrane with the fewer water molecules and a high concentration of solute molecules.

What are the hydrophobic tails composed of

2 fatty acids

DOES require the use of energy/ ATP

ACTIVE

Endocytosis

Allows cells to take in large molecules

DOES NOT require the addition of energy

PASSIVE TRANSPORT

What is hyrophilic head composed of

Phosphate + glycerol

A large volume requires

The intake of more nutrients and gasses for the reactions of the cell

Movement of particles from low to high concentration

active transport

Solutes move against the concentration gradient therefore energy is needed

active transport

Movement of particles from high to low concentration

passive transport

Facilitated diffusion

passive transport that is assisted by transport proteins. The function is to transport polar molecules/ ions( hydrophilic) like amino acid/ glucose and ions like sodium through the membrane

Simple diffusion

the movement of molecules from high to low concentration that move directly through the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The function to move small nonpolar molecules like carbon dioxide

A cell has a 5%, salt concentration. It is placed into a solution with a .5% salt concentration. How would you describe the solution inside of the cell?

A hypertonic solution

A scientist places human blood cells into an unknown solution. After some time, the blood cells swell and burst. What type of solution were the blood cells likely placed in?

A hypotonic solution

What happens to the animals so when it is placed in a hypertonic solution

Becomes shriveled because water is leaving the cell

What happens to a plant cell when it is placed in a hypertonic solution

Causes of the cell to become shriveled

What happens to an animal cell when it is placed in an isotonic solution

It remains normal because water enters and leaves the cell at a normal rate

example of exocytosis

Endoplasmic reticulum makes proteins and lipids then sends them to the Golgi body

Molecules diffusing with the concentration gradient through a protein channel is what type of diffusion?

Facilitated diffusion

Function of the lipid bi layer

Gives the cell membranes a flexible structure that forms a barrier between the cell and its surroundings.

Hypertonic solution

Higher concentration of solute compared to the opposite side of the membrane

Which of the following best explains how substances are transported across the cell membrane?

Hydrophilic amino acids move across the cell membrane through embedded transport proteins.

Which of the following describes how phospholipid regions are positioned in the cell membrane?

Hydrophilic phosphate regions are positioned toward the watery environments.

Water will move into the cell where the solute is high and the water concentration is low. Mass of the cell will increase

Hypotonic solution

What happens to an animal cell when placed in a hypotonic solution

It becomes lysed. It swells up and bursts

Hypotonic solution

Lower concentratiom of solute compared to the oppsire side of the membrane.

Function of endocytosis

Move molecules like proteins and carbs into the cell

Passive transport

Movement of molecules is always from HIGH to LOW concentration

Fucntion of the cell membrane

Provide a barrier between inside/ outside of the cell and to transport into/ out of the cell

Phospholipids arrange themselves in lipid bi layers to do what?

Shield the hydrophobic tails from the water inside of the cell

Which of the following is true about the transportation of substances across the lipid region of the cell membrane?

Small nonpolar molecules can freely dissolve across the lipid region of the cell membrane through simple diffusion

Isotonic

Solute concentration is equal on both sides of the membrane

What does the surface area indicate

The amount of materials to pass in and out of the cell

Why do large cells generally have a smaller surface area to volume ration?

The rate of transport across the membrane is too slow to meet those metabolic demands of the cell

Active transport

The transport of materials from LOW to HIGH concentration (against the concentration gradient)

What happens to the plant cell when placed in an isotonic solution

The water will enter and leave the cell equally and the soul will become flaccid

Which way does active transport pump a substance to its gradient

Up

What happens to a plant cell when it is placed in a hypotonic solution

Water moves into the cell by osmosis, causing it to become turgid.

A cell has a 1% salt concentration. It is placed into a solution containing a 10% salt concentration.

Water will move out of the cell, causing it to shrink.

What Transports materials OUT OF THE CELL

exocytosis does