Cell Quest!
Water moves out of the cell to where the solute is high and the water is low
Hypertonic
Exocytosis
The export/ removal of large materials with the help of transport vesicles.
Osmosis
type of facilitated diffusion that moves water across the semipermeable membrane. The function is to transport water through transport proteins (aquaporins). The overall movement of water will be toward the side of the membrane with the fewer water molecules and a high concentration of solute molecules.
What are the hydrophobic tails composed of
2 fatty acids
DOES require the use of energy/ ATP
ACTIVE
Endocytosis
Allows cells to take in large molecules
DOES NOT require the addition of energy
PASSIVE TRANSPORT
What is hyrophilic head composed of
Phosphate + glycerol
A large volume requires
The intake of more nutrients and gasses for the reactions of the cell
Movement of particles from low to high concentration
active transport
Solutes move against the concentration gradient therefore energy is needed
active transport
Movement of particles from high to low concentration
passive transport
Facilitated diffusion
passive transport that is assisted by transport proteins. The function is to transport polar molecules/ ions( hydrophilic) like amino acid/ glucose and ions like sodium through the membrane
Simple diffusion
the movement of molecules from high to low concentration that move directly through the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The function to move small nonpolar molecules like carbon dioxide
A cell has a 5%, salt concentration. It is placed into a solution with a .5% salt concentration. How would you describe the solution inside of the cell?
A hypertonic solution
A scientist places human blood cells into an unknown solution. After some time, the blood cells swell and burst. What type of solution were the blood cells likely placed in?
A hypotonic solution
What happens to the animals so when it is placed in a hypertonic solution
Becomes shriveled because water is leaving the cell
What happens to a plant cell when it is placed in a hypertonic solution
Causes of the cell to become shriveled
What happens to an animal cell when it is placed in an isotonic solution
It remains normal because water enters and leaves the cell at a normal rate
example of exocytosis
Endoplasmic reticulum makes proteins and lipids then sends them to the Golgi body
Molecules diffusing with the concentration gradient through a protein channel is what type of diffusion?
Facilitated diffusion
Function of the lipid bi layer
Gives the cell membranes a flexible structure that forms a barrier between the cell and its surroundings.
Hypertonic solution
Higher concentration of solute compared to the opposite side of the membrane
Which of the following best explains how substances are transported across the cell membrane?
Hydrophilic amino acids move across the cell membrane through embedded transport proteins.
Which of the following describes how phospholipid regions are positioned in the cell membrane?
Hydrophilic phosphate regions are positioned toward the watery environments.
Water will move into the cell where the solute is high and the water concentration is low. Mass of the cell will increase
Hypotonic solution
What happens to an animal cell when placed in a hypotonic solution
It becomes lysed. It swells up and bursts
Hypotonic solution
Lower concentratiom of solute compared to the oppsire side of the membrane.
Function of endocytosis
Move molecules like proteins and carbs into the cell
Passive transport
Movement of molecules is always from HIGH to LOW concentration
Fucntion of the cell membrane
Provide a barrier between inside/ outside of the cell and to transport into/ out of the cell
Phospholipids arrange themselves in lipid bi layers to do what?
Shield the hydrophobic tails from the water inside of the cell
Which of the following is true about the transportation of substances across the lipid region of the cell membrane?
Small nonpolar molecules can freely dissolve across the lipid region of the cell membrane through simple diffusion
Isotonic
Solute concentration is equal on both sides of the membrane
What does the surface area indicate
The amount of materials to pass in and out of the cell
Why do large cells generally have a smaller surface area to volume ration?
The rate of transport across the membrane is too slow to meet those metabolic demands of the cell
Active transport
The transport of materials from LOW to HIGH concentration (against the concentration gradient)
What happens to the plant cell when placed in an isotonic solution
The water will enter and leave the cell equally and the soul will become flaccid
Which way does active transport pump a substance to its gradient
Up
What happens to a plant cell when it is placed in a hypotonic solution
Water moves into the cell by osmosis, causing it to become turgid.
A cell has a 1% salt concentration. It is placed into a solution containing a 10% salt concentration.
Water will move out of the cell, causing it to shrink.
What Transports materials OUT OF THE CELL
exocytosis does