Cell Structure

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Rough Endoplasmic reticulum

Protein Synthesis, Glycoprotein Synthesis, Protein Sorting

difference between Archaea and Bacteria

Archaea lack peptidoglycan

The limitation of the human eye is how many micrometers

100

Peptidoglycan

Cell wall composed of

Chromatin

DNA is divided into multiple linear chromosomes, which are organized with proteins into a complex structure called

Found Only in Prokaryotic Cells

Nucleiod and Pili

Nuclear Envelope

Nucleous bounded by two phospholipid bilayer membranes

Chemical Dye

Selectively labels components of a cell and may greatly improve contrast.

Cytoplasm

The area of the cell that is surrounded by the plasma membrane

intermediate filaments

The inner surface of the nuclear envelope is covered with a dense network of ___ that stabilize the shape of the nucleus.

Which type of cytoskeletal fiber is involved in muscle contraction?

actin filaments

Which cytoskeletal fibers can rapidly assemble into longer filaments; and to disassemble to form shorter filaments.

actin filaments and microtubules

cytoskeleton

an internal protein scaffold

intermediate filaments function

anchorage of cell, providing mechanical strength, structural stability

desmosomes

cadherins bind to intermediate filaments

adherens junctions

cadherins bind to microfilaments

Where can ribosomes be found in a cell

chloroplasts, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria

peramecium movement

ciliary action

Microfilaments

composed of actin

intermediate filaments

composed of protein tetremers

Microtubules

composed of tubulin

plasmodesmata

cytoplasmic connections between cell walls of plants

basal body

form site for microtubules to grow

prokaryotic

genetic material contained near the center of the nucleoid region

eukaryotic

genetic material contained within the nucleus

Which type of cytoskeletal fiber forms nails, claws, beaks and give these structures their tremendous mechanical strength?

intermediate filaments

gap junctions

involves connexon proteins that create a pore to connect cells

tight junctions

leak-proof seal that surrounds the cell

diffusion of substances in and out of a cell

limits the size of the cell

Flagella

longer, and found singly or in pairs, threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used in locomotion.

Which type of cytoskeleta fiber forms flagella that allows cell movement?

microtubules

Organisms with a cell wall composed of chitin and cellulose

protists, fungi, and plants

Nuclear Lamina

network of fibers in the inner surface of the nuclear envelope

4 common features of cells

nucleus, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and plasma membrane

Amoeba move by _____which involve cytoskeletal elements.

pseudopods

nucleolus

ribosomal subunits are produced here

common in bacteria and archaea

ribosomes and plasma membrane

vesicles

small sacs that store and transport a variety of materials

center vacuole

stores water, minerals and pigments

Ribosomes

the cellular structures that all cells need to synthesize proteins

DNA

tightly wound around proteins and packed into compact units called chromosomes

type of RNA that carries amino acids

transfer


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