Cell Structure
Rough Endoplasmic reticulum
Protein Synthesis, Glycoprotein Synthesis, Protein Sorting
difference between Archaea and Bacteria
Archaea lack peptidoglycan
The limitation of the human eye is how many micrometers
100
Peptidoglycan
Cell wall composed of
Chromatin
DNA is divided into multiple linear chromosomes, which are organized with proteins into a complex structure called
Found Only in Prokaryotic Cells
Nucleiod and Pili
Nuclear Envelope
Nucleous bounded by two phospholipid bilayer membranes
Chemical Dye
Selectively labels components of a cell and may greatly improve contrast.
Cytoplasm
The area of the cell that is surrounded by the plasma membrane
intermediate filaments
The inner surface of the nuclear envelope is covered with a dense network of ___ that stabilize the shape of the nucleus.
Which type of cytoskeletal fiber is involved in muscle contraction?
actin filaments
Which cytoskeletal fibers can rapidly assemble into longer filaments; and to disassemble to form shorter filaments.
actin filaments and microtubules
cytoskeleton
an internal protein scaffold
intermediate filaments function
anchorage of cell, providing mechanical strength, structural stability
desmosomes
cadherins bind to intermediate filaments
adherens junctions
cadherins bind to microfilaments
Where can ribosomes be found in a cell
chloroplasts, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria
peramecium movement
ciliary action
Microfilaments
composed of actin
intermediate filaments
composed of protein tetremers
Microtubules
composed of tubulin
plasmodesmata
cytoplasmic connections between cell walls of plants
basal body
form site for microtubules to grow
prokaryotic
genetic material contained near the center of the nucleoid region
eukaryotic
genetic material contained within the nucleus
Which type of cytoskeletal fiber forms nails, claws, beaks and give these structures their tremendous mechanical strength?
intermediate filaments
gap junctions
involves connexon proteins that create a pore to connect cells
tight junctions
leak-proof seal that surrounds the cell
diffusion of substances in and out of a cell
limits the size of the cell
Flagella
longer, and found singly or in pairs, threadlike structures protruding from the surface of a cell that are used in locomotion.
Which type of cytoskeleta fiber forms flagella that allows cell movement?
microtubules
Organisms with a cell wall composed of chitin and cellulose
protists, fungi, and plants
Nuclear Lamina
network of fibers in the inner surface of the nuclear envelope
4 common features of cells
nucleus, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and plasma membrane
Amoeba move by _____which involve cytoskeletal elements.
pseudopods
nucleolus
ribosomal subunits are produced here
common in bacteria and archaea
ribosomes and plasma membrane
vesicles
small sacs that store and transport a variety of materials
center vacuole
stores water, minerals and pigments
Ribosomes
the cellular structures that all cells need to synthesize proteins
DNA
tightly wound around proteins and packed into compact units called chromosomes
type of RNA that carries amino acids
transfer
