CGS - Computer Storage
1000
1 KB equals approximately _____________ bytes
1000 trillion
1 PB is approximately _________________ bytes
1 trillion
1 TB is approximately ______________ bytes
8
1 byte contains ____________ bits
coating; pits; lands
CDs have a reflective __________________ that contains __________________ which absorb laser beam light, and _______________ which reflect laser beam light
compact discs
CDs; used in optical drives; can store approximately 700 megabytes of data; CDs are most commonly used to store audio files; over 300,000,000 music CDs have been sold world-wide
digital versatile discs
DVDs; used in optical drives; store between 4 and 8.5 gigabytes of data; most DVD drives are capable of reading CDs and DVDs
integrated circuits
SSDs have _________________ to store data
flash technology
SSDs use the same ___________________ used in making USB drives (B.A.)
lossless compression
________________ eliminates redundancy and retains all the original data
lossy compression
________________ removes less valuable data
closer
a DVD's pits and lands are much ____________ together than those on a CD
closer together
a blu-ray's pits and lands are much ______________ than those on a DVD
read/write head
a magnetically tipped actuator arm, called a ______________________, "senses" the magnetic coating on the disc; a _________________ looks similar to a needle on a record player. Unlike a needle, a _____________________ never touches the disc (same answer for all three)
1 to 2 GB
a standard definition movie uses _____________ of storage
optical drives
a storage device that writes and reads data with a laser; works by rotating a disc with a reflective coating; coating is read by a laser beam within the _________________________'s read/write head; speed of an _______________________ is measured in revolutions per minute (RPM) (same answer)
solid state drives (SSD)
all-electronic storage devices; used in a variety of products, smartphones, cameras, and tablet computers; no physical moving parts - makes them faster, more energy efficient, and more durable than traditional magnetic hard drives
storage
allows computers to retain data when the device is turned off; keeps programs, photos, videos, and other data files for future use; sometimes referred to as "secondary ________________"
audio file compression
allows extremely small devices to store large numbers of music files
video file compression
allows you to store many movies on tablets and other digital devices
3 to 5 GB
an HD movie uses ________________ of storage
terabyte
approximately 1 trillion (1,000,000,000) bytes; represented by "TB"; approximately enough data to store 230 DVD movies
petabyte
approximately 1,000 trillion bytes; represented "PB"; standard unit of measurement of server banks
bit
binary digit - smallest unit of digital data storage; represented by a "b"; can only have one of two possible values
giant hard drives
cloud storage act like __________________________
traditional hard drive
desktop computer's primary storage device; also called "hard disk"; uses spinning, magnetized platters to store data; also the primary storage device in servers and many laptops
kilobyte
equals approximately 1,000 bytes; represented by "KB"; a page of text uses about 4 KB
external hard drives; optical drives; solid state drives; USB drives
examples of storage devices
20-30%
helium hard drives provide ______________ more storage in the same space along with faster access time than air-filled hard drives
multiple servers
in cloud storage, files are backed up onto ______________
GIF
largely replaced by PNG
MPEG-4
lossy; used by individuals; can compress video files by factors of 20 to 200
ways of using cloud storage
most common - simply attach files to Email and then send it to yourself; open an account with Picasa, Flickr, Windows Live Photo Gallery, or any other of the numerous photo service websites. purchase secure server space from an online supplier
WAV
most popular lossless compression format
PNG
most popular lossless format
MP4
most popular lossy compression format
JPEG
most popular lossy format
MPEG-2
most popular video compression format; lossy; used on commercial DVDs
blu-ray discs
optical media used in optical drives; store up to 50 GB of data
storage devices
provide for additional data retention; allow data to be backed up (copied)
file compression
reduces the size of data files; saves storage space ; saves transmission capacity and can speed data transmission
image file compression
reduces the size of photo files
storage capacity
refers to the size of the computer's hard drive; amount of space you have available to save data
cloud storage
saving your files to servers on the Internet
gigabytes and terabytes
storage capacity is usually measured in __________________________________
storage media
the specific item that retains the data; while a DVD drive is a storage device, the DVDs themselves are the ____________________
USB drives
thumb drives or flash drives; can be used with nearly any computer, including laptops, desktops, all-in-ones, and tablets
access time
time it takes data to reach your computer's processor
spinning, magnetized platters
traditional hard drives use __________________ to store data
500 GB to 1TB
typical laptop storage capacity
16 to 128 GB
typical smartphone storage capacity
16 to 256 GB
typical tablet storage capacity
byte
unit of digital information that commonly consists of 8 bits; represented by "B"; historically, the space needed to store a character of information, such as one letter or one number
gigabyte
unit of digital storage consisting of approximately one billion bytes; represented by "GB"; standard unit of measurement for memory and storage in computers; enough capacity to store 250 MP4 music files
megabyte
unit of storage consisting of approximately one million bytes; represented by "MB"; enough data to fill four books worth of text
helium hard drives
use helium instead of air inside the hard drive; helium is less dense. This allows more platters within the same space; platters stay cooler and can spin faster; 20-30% more efficient than air-filled hard drives
holographic data storage
uses a split laser beam to write data onto photo-receptive substrates; because the beam can strike receptors from different angles, many bits of data can be stored in the same physical location
memristor storage
uses an advanced circuit element called a memristor; memristors have variable resistance based on the history of current that has passed through the element; a single memristor could replace many transistors
redundant array of independent discs (RAID)
uses multiple layers of hard disc drives to provide back-ups for all stored data; server banks often use __________________ to store data; in a __________________, if one hard disc drive crashes, the data is easily recovered from another hard disc drive