CGS - Computer Storage

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1000

1 KB equals approximately _____________ bytes

1000 trillion

1 PB is approximately _________________ bytes

1 trillion

1 TB is approximately ______________ bytes

8

1 byte contains ____________ bits

coating; pits; lands

CDs have a reflective __________________ that contains __________________ which absorb laser beam light, and _______________ which reflect laser beam light

compact discs

CDs; used in optical drives; can store approximately 700 megabytes of data; CDs are most commonly used to store audio files; over 300,000,000 music CDs have been sold world-wide

digital versatile discs

DVDs; used in optical drives; store between 4 and 8.5 gigabytes of data; most DVD drives are capable of reading CDs and DVDs

integrated circuits

SSDs have _________________ to store data

flash technology

SSDs use the same ___________________ used in making USB drives (B.A.)

lossless compression

________________ eliminates redundancy and retains all the original data

lossy compression

________________ removes less valuable data

closer

a DVD's pits and lands are much ____________ together than those on a CD

closer together

a blu-ray's pits and lands are much ______________ than those on a DVD

read/write head

a magnetically tipped actuator arm, called a ______________________, "senses" the magnetic coating on the disc; a _________________ looks similar to a needle on a record player. Unlike a needle, a _____________________ never touches the disc (same answer for all three)

1 to 2 GB

a standard definition movie uses _____________ of storage

optical drives

a storage device that writes and reads data with a laser; works by rotating a disc with a reflective coating; coating is read by a laser beam within the _________________________'s read/write head; speed of an _______________________ is measured in revolutions per minute (RPM) (same answer)

solid state drives (SSD)

all-electronic storage devices; used in a variety of products, smartphones, cameras, and tablet computers; no physical moving parts - makes them faster, more energy efficient, and more durable than traditional magnetic hard drives

storage

allows computers to retain data when the device is turned off; keeps programs, photos, videos, and other data files for future use; sometimes referred to as "secondary ________________"

audio file compression

allows extremely small devices to store large numbers of music files

video file compression

allows you to store many movies on tablets and other digital devices

3 to 5 GB

an HD movie uses ________________ of storage

terabyte

approximately 1 trillion (1,000,000,000) bytes; represented by "TB"; approximately enough data to store 230 DVD movies

petabyte

approximately 1,000 trillion bytes; represented "PB"; standard unit of measurement of server banks

bit

binary digit - smallest unit of digital data storage; represented by a "b"; can only have one of two possible values

giant hard drives

cloud storage act like __________________________

traditional hard drive

desktop computer's primary storage device; also called "hard disk"; uses spinning, magnetized platters to store data; also the primary storage device in servers and many laptops

kilobyte

equals approximately 1,000 bytes; represented by "KB"; a page of text uses about 4 KB

external hard drives; optical drives; solid state drives; USB drives

examples of storage devices

20-30%

helium hard drives provide ______________ more storage in the same space along with faster access time than air-filled hard drives

multiple servers

in cloud storage, files are backed up onto ______________

GIF

largely replaced by PNG

MPEG-4

lossy; used by individuals; can compress video files by factors of 20 to 200

ways of using cloud storage

most common - simply attach files to Email and then send it to yourself; open an account with Picasa, Flickr, Windows Live Photo Gallery, or any other of the numerous photo service websites. purchase secure server space from an online supplier

WAV

most popular lossless compression format

PNG

most popular lossless format

MP4

most popular lossy compression format

JPEG

most popular lossy format

MPEG-2

most popular video compression format; lossy; used on commercial DVDs

blu-ray discs

optical media used in optical drives; store up to 50 GB of data

storage devices

provide for additional data retention; allow data to be backed up (copied)

file compression

reduces the size of data files; saves storage space ; saves transmission capacity and can speed data transmission

image file compression

reduces the size of photo files

storage capacity

refers to the size of the computer's hard drive; amount of space you have available to save data

cloud storage

saving your files to servers on the Internet

gigabytes and terabytes

storage capacity is usually measured in __________________________________

storage media

the specific item that retains the data; while a DVD drive is a storage device, the DVDs themselves are the ____________________

USB drives

thumb drives or flash drives; can be used with nearly any computer, including laptops, desktops, all-in-ones, and tablets

access time

time it takes data to reach your computer's processor

spinning, magnetized platters

traditional hard drives use __________________ to store data

500 GB to 1TB

typical laptop storage capacity

16 to 128 GB

typical smartphone storage capacity

16 to 256 GB

typical tablet storage capacity

byte

unit of digital information that commonly consists of 8 bits; represented by "B"; historically, the space needed to store a character of information, such as one letter or one number

gigabyte

unit of digital storage consisting of approximately one billion bytes; represented by "GB"; standard unit of measurement for memory and storage in computers; enough capacity to store 250 MP4 music files

megabyte

unit of storage consisting of approximately one million bytes; represented by "MB"; enough data to fill four books worth of text

helium hard drives

use helium instead of air inside the hard drive; helium is less dense. This allows more platters within the same space; platters stay cooler and can spin faster; 20-30% more efficient than air-filled hard drives

holographic data storage

uses a split laser beam to write data onto photo-receptive substrates; because the beam can strike receptors from different angles, many bits of data can be stored in the same physical location

memristor storage

uses an advanced circuit element called a memristor; memristors have variable resistance based on the history of current that has passed through the element; a single memristor could replace many transistors

redundant array of independent discs (RAID)

uses multiple layers of hard disc drives to provide back-ups for all stored data; server banks often use __________________ to store data; in a __________________, if one hard disc drive crashes, the data is easily recovered from another hard disc drive


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