Ch 1-4 (Exam 1)
coding system
ASCII< EBCDIC and UNIcode are examples of...
Processing speed
CPU clock speed is one measurement- rated in megahertz or gigahertz
megahertz or gigahertz
One measurement of the processing speed of a CPU is the CPU clock speed, which is typically rated in...
Volatile
Registers, cache and RAM are.... Any data they are storing is lost if the system looses power
DPI (dots per inch
a measurement of the output quality of a printer
optical mouse
a mouse that tracks movements with light instead of a ball
Storage medium & storage device
a storage system consists of...
pipelining
a technique that allows a CPU to work on more than one instruction (or stage of processing) at a time, thereby CPU performance
random access
allows data to be retrieved from any location on the storage medium
trackball
an input device that looks like an upside-down mouse with the ball on top
barcode
an optical code that represents data with bars of varying widths or heights
biometric readers
are used to input data about a person into a computer system so that the individual can be identified based on a particular unique physiological characteristic
data recovery experts
can recover data from damaged storage devices,
source data automation
captures data directly from a source document
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)
coding system for personal computers
hybrid hard drive
combination of flash memory and magnetic hard drive, allows encryption to be built into the drive
Random access memory (RAM)
computers main memory. stores essential parts of operating system, programs, and data computer is currently using- memory is erased when the power goes out
flash memory
consists of nonvolatile memory chips that can be used for storage by the computer or the user, represents data using electrons
RFID (radio frequency identification) tag
contain tiny chips and radio antennas, can be attached to objects that need to be tracked
liquid cooling systems
cool the computer with liquid filled tubes
flatbed scanner
designed to scan flat objects one page at a time
file system
determine that partition size, cluster size, maximum drive size , and maximum file size
speeding up
dick caching is a strategy for____ hard drive performance
flash memory cards
digital cameras generally use _____ for storage
partitioning
divides the physical capacity of a single drive logically into separate areas
sectors
each hard disk is divided into pie-shaped groups of ______
bus
electronic path data travels around the motherboard on ...
Solid-state drives (SSD)
hard drives that use flash memory technology instead of magnetic technology to store data
medium
hardware where data is stored
OMR (optical mark recognition) devices
input data from special forms to score or tally exams, questionnaires, ballots and so forth
UNIcode
international coding standard designed to represent text-based data written in any language
barcodes
machine readable code that represent data as a set of bars
disk cache
memory used in conjunction with a magnetic hard drive to improve system performance
RAID (redundant arrays of independant discs
method of storing data on two or more hard drives that work together to do the job of a larger drive
fans
on most personal computers to help cool the CPU and system unit
magnetic hard drives
one or more permanently sealed metal magnetic disks with an access mechanism and read/write heads
recordable optical discs
optical discs that can only be written to once
control unit/ ALU Registers
part of the central processing unit
magnetic tape
plastic tape coated with a magnetizable substance that represents the bits and bytes of digital data
laser
printers standard for business documents and come in both personal and network styles
network storage
remote storage via local network
sequential access
retrieval of data can occur only in the order in which it was physically stored on the storage medium
heat sinks
small components typically made out of aluminum with fins that help to dissipate heat
OCR (optical character recognition)
software that is used in conjunction with the scanner to input the scanner text as individual text characters
Cache Memory
special group of very fast memory chips located on to close to the CPU. more means faster processing
Moore's Law
states that the number of transistors per square inch on an integrated circuit will double every two years
network attached storage (NAS)
storage servers that are individually connected to a network to provide storage to that network
system unit
the ______ is the box that contains the central electronic components of the computer
motherboard
the main circuit board inside the system unit
bluetooth
the medium used to connect wireless display devices
system clock
the metronome, or drummer, of your computer. All the CPU's activities occur in time with its beat
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
the primary processor
Bit
the smallest unit of data that a binary computer can recognize
seek time
the time required to more the read/write heads to a cylinder that contains the desired data on a farm drive
what are folders
to keep files organized, related documents are often stored in _______
disk access time
total time it takes for a hard drive to read or write data
solid state drives
use flash memory technology, use less power and have no moving parts
hard drive
used to store most data and programs
remote storage
using a storage device not directly connected to the computer being used
biometric
your finger prints, the irises and retinas of your eyes, and your facial geometry are unique. As such, this ____ data can be used to identify you