Ch 1: Chemistry and Measurement

Express the temperature, 422.35 K, in degrees Celsius and in degrees Fahrenheit.

149.20 C , 300.56 F 422 - 273 = 149 149 * 1.8 + 32 = 300

The temperature of 25eC is __________ in Kelvins.

298 273 + 25 eC = 298

Of the objects below, __________ is the most dense. A) an object with a volume of 3.91 x 10-24 nm3 and a mass of 7.93 x 10-1 ng B) an object with a volume of 13 dm3 and a mass of 1.29 x 103 g C) an object with a volume of 139 mL and a mass of 93 g D) an object with a volume of 0.00212 m3 and a mass of 4.22 x 104 mg E) an object with a volume of 2.5 L and a mass of 12.5 kg

A) an object with a volume of 3.91 x 10-24 nm3 and a mass of 7.93 x 10-1 ng

Which of the following is a chemical property of sodium chloride? A) It is a solid at room temperature. B) It can be decomposed into sodium metal and chlorine gas. C) It is not significantly compressible. D) It melts at a high temperature. E) It dissolves in water.

B) It can be decomposed into sodium metal and chlorine gas. -Sodium chloride decomposed into sodium metal and chlorine gas is a chemical property.

Which of the following are chemical processes? 1. rusting of a nail 2. freezing of water 3. decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen gases 4. compression of oxygen gas A) 2, 3, 4 B) 1, 2 C) 1, 4 D) 1, 3, 4 E) 1, 3

E) 1,3 - Rusting of a nail and decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen gases are chemical processes

If matter is uniform throughout and cannot be separated into other substances by physical means, it is ____________.

Either an element or a compound An element or a compound cannot be separated into another substance by a physical mean.

Which one of the following is a pure substance? - Salt water - Concrete - Milk - Wood - Elemental copper

Elemental copper - Cu, copper is a pure element. Salt water, concrete, milk, and wood are created with multiple chemicals.

A combination of sand, salt, and water is an example of a __________.

Heterogeneous mixture - Sand, salt, and water is an example of a heterogeneous mixture. A heterogeneous mixture has separate components, it is a non-uniform composition.

Which one of the following is not a physical property of water? - It boils at 100°C at 1 atm pressure. - It freezes at 0°C at 1 atm pressure. - It reacts rapidly with potassium metal to form potassium hydroxide. - It is clear and colorless. - Water exists in solid, liquid and gaseous forms.

It reacts rapidly with potassium metal to form potassium hydroxide. Water reacting rapidly with potassium metal to form potassium hydroxide would be a chemical property.

In the following list, only __________ is not an example of matter. - Light - Elemental phosphorus - Dust - Table salt - Planets

Light - Elemental phosphorus, dust, table salt, and planets are examples of matter.

What is the physical state in which matter has no specific shape but does have a specific volume?

Liquid - Liquid does not have a specific shape, however, has a specific volume that can be measured.

Of the following, only __________ is an extensive property. - Density - Boiling point - Freezing point - Mass - Pressure

Mass - Mass is an extensive property because it depends on sample size

The symbol for the element magnesium is __________.

Mg

Homogeneous mixtures are also known as __________.

Solutions

Of the following, only __________ is a chemical reaction. - melting of lead - tarnishing of silver - crushing of stone - dissolving sugar in water - dropping a penny into a glass of water

Tarnishing of silver - The action of tarnishing silver would be a chemical reaction.

Which one of the following is an intensive property? - Mass - Volume - Heat content - Temperature - Amount

Temperature Temperature is an intensive property because it is a property of matter that does not change as the amount of matter changes.

Which one of the following has the element name and symbol correctly matched? - P, potassium - Mg, manganese - Sn, silicon - Ag, silver - C, Copper

The correct answer is Ag, silver. - K represents potassium. - Mg represents magnesium. - Si represents silicon. - C represents copper.

Sn is the symbol for the element __________

Tin

Which of the following is an illustration of the law of constant composition? - Water is 11% hydrogen and 89% oxygen by mass. - Water and salt have different boiling points. - Water is a compound. - Water can be separated into other substances by a chemical process. - Water boils at 100eC at 1 atm pressure.

Water is 11% hydrogen and 89% oxygen by mass. - Law of constant composition involves a ratio.

Intensive properties __________ depend on the amount of matter present. Extensive properties __________depend on the amount of matter present.

don't, do - Intensive properties do not depend on the amount of matter present. - Extensive properties do depend on the amount of matter present.