Ch 10

The first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of

the principle of conservation of energy

When you apply the first law of thermodynamics to an isobaric expansion of a hat air balloon

the value of (Q-W) must be greater than zero

The pressure of a gas times its change in volume is the ____ done by the gas.

work

The zeroth law of thermodynamics basically states that all objects in contact in should eventually reach the same temperature. How is it that your body's temperature never reaches room temperature?

your body's temperature is regulated internally constant: otherwise, it would reach room temperature.

Which numbers represent the freezing point of water?

32 F 0 c

A box of crackers is labeled "140 Calories per serving" The energy inside a serving of crackers is about

5.8 x 10 5 J 140 kcal.

the readings of a given temperature on the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales

are equal at -40 could be equal

Absolute zero is the temperature

at which an ideal gas would exert zero pressure of -273 on the Celsius scale

Object A and B are the same temps. Object A has its temperature increased by one Fahrenheit degree, while B has its temperature increased by one Celsius degree. object ___ will have a higher temperature.

b

During a phase change, the temperature of a system will be ___ as heat is added

constant

If a piece of ice (frozen water) at -5 degrees Celsius is compared to a piece of dry ice (frozen nitrogen) at -190 degrees. Celsius, the ice seems quite ____ by comparison

hot

According to the first law of thermodynamics, when mechanical work is done on a system, there can be an increase in its

internal energy temperature

A thermodynamics process in which the pressure remains constant is called ___

isobaric

When an ideal gas is compressed adiabatically

its internal energy increases its temperature increases work must be done on it

When heat is added to a system and no work is done on or by the system

its internal energy increases.

On the Celsius scale, the difference between the freezing and boiling points of water is ___ degrees.

100

When food packaging lists the calorie count for a given item, it is actually referring to food calories. That means that for every "calories" you get from the food you eat, there are ___ heat calories

1000

Rank from high to low the following materials based on their specific heat capacities. It takes Q amount of heat to raise the temp. of 1 kg of material A 10 degrees and material B 20 degrees and material C 80 degrees C.

A B C

What is heat?

Heat is energy that flows from between objects of different temperatures

If the net change in energy for an ideal gas is negative, which of the following will decrease?

Kinetic energy Internal energy

Heat added or removed from the system Change in the internal energy Work done on or by the system

Q detla U W

If heat is added to an ideal gas as it is getting cmpressed,

negative work will be done by the gas its volume must decrease

When water boils, its temperature

remains constant

When you apply the first law of thermodynamics to an ideal gas undergoing is isotherm process, you must

set delta U=0

Heat will not be transferred between 2 objects that are the same ___

temperature

In Joule's experiment, a falling mass cause peddles to rotate in a water container, thereby raising the water's ___

temperature