Ch 10
The first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of
the principle of conservation of energy
When you apply the first law of thermodynamics to an isobaric expansion of a hat air balloon
the value of (Q-W) must be greater than zero
The pressure of a gas times its change in volume is the ____ done by the gas.
work
The zeroth law of thermodynamics basically states that all objects in contact in should eventually reach the same temperature. How is it that your body's temperature never reaches room temperature?
your body's temperature is regulated internally constant: otherwise, it would reach room temperature.
Which numbers represent the freezing point of water?
32 F 0 c
A box of crackers is labeled "140 Calories per serving" The energy inside a serving of crackers is about
5.8 x 10 5 J 140 kcal.
the readings of a given temperature on the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales
are equal at -40 could be equal
Absolute zero is the temperature
at which an ideal gas would exert zero pressure of -273 on the Celsius scale
Object A and B are the same temps. Object A has its temperature increased by one Fahrenheit degree, while B has its temperature increased by one Celsius degree. object ___ will have a higher temperature.
b
During a phase change, the temperature of a system will be ___ as heat is added
constant
If a piece of ice (frozen water) at -5 degrees Celsius is compared to a piece of dry ice (frozen nitrogen) at -190 degrees. Celsius, the ice seems quite ____ by comparison
hot
According to the first law of thermodynamics, when mechanical work is done on a system, there can be an increase in its
internal energy temperature
A thermodynamics process in which the pressure remains constant is called ___
isobaric
When an ideal gas is compressed adiabatically
its internal energy increases its temperature increases work must be done on it
When heat is added to a system and no work is done on or by the system
its internal energy increases.
On the Celsius scale, the difference between the freezing and boiling points of water is ___ degrees.
100
When food packaging lists the calorie count for a given item, it is actually referring to food calories. That means that for every "calories" you get from the food you eat, there are ___ heat calories
1000
Rank from high to low the following materials based on their specific heat capacities. It takes Q amount of heat to raise the temp. of 1 kg of material A 10 degrees and material B 20 degrees and material C 80 degrees C.
A B C
What is heat?
Heat is energy that flows from between objects of different temperatures
If the net change in energy for an ideal gas is negative, which of the following will decrease?
Kinetic energy Internal energy
Heat added or removed from the system Change in the internal energy Work done on or by the system
Q detla U W
If heat is added to an ideal gas as it is getting cmpressed,
negative work will be done by the gas its volume must decrease
When water boils, its temperature
remains constant
When you apply the first law of thermodynamics to an ideal gas undergoing is isotherm process, you must
set delta U=0
Heat will not be transferred between 2 objects that are the same ___
temperature
In Joule's experiment, a falling mass cause peddles to rotate in a water container, thereby raising the water's ___
temperature