ch 10 hw

Two hormones referred to as gonadotropins are

FSH and LH.

The pituitary hormone that promotes testosterone release in males and ovulation in females is

LH

When a protein or peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a cell,

a second messenger appears in the cytoplasm.

The hormone leptin is secreted by (the)

adipose tissue.

Target cells of hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting hormones are located in the

anterior pituitary.

Steroid hormones

are structurally similar to cholesterol.

Which hormone's secretion promotes the loss of sodium ions and water by the kidneys and inhibits renin release?

atrial natriuretic peptide

An important second messenger in hormonal action is

cAMP.

Increased levels of the hormone ________ will lead to decreased levels of calcium ions in the blood.

calcitonin

All hormones are

chemical messengers

Peptide hormones are

composed of chains of amino acids.

Cells of the adrenal cortex produce

corticosteroids.

One adrenal hormone that affects glucose metabolism is

cortisol.

Which of the following could cause ineffective synthesis of calcitriol?

decreased availability of vitamin D3

One hormone that is released from the adrenal medulla is

epinephrine

The hormone that dominates during the Alarm Phase of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) is

epinephrine

The hormone that is released by the kidneys in response to low oxygen levels in kidney tissues is

erythropoietin

Which of the following primarily targets the gonads (ovaries and testes)?

follicle-stimulating hormone

The hormone secreted by the pancreatic alpha cells would result in

increased synthesis and release of glucose by the liver.

Which of the following hormones is/are produced by both the testes and the ovaries?

inhibin

Steroid hormones bind to

intracellular receptors.

Unlike other hormones, T3 and T4 hormones require ________ for production.

iodine

The target organs for the parathyroid hormone and calcitonin are

kidneys, bone, and digestive system.

Cyclic AMP often causes activation of

kinase enzymes.

Aldosterone is the principal

mineralocorticoid.

Hormone concentration levels are most commonly controlled by

negative feedback

Regarding pancreatic hormones,

parasympathetic stimulation enhances insulin release, and sympathetic stimulation inhibits it.

The hormone that causes the activation of osteoclasts is

parathyroid hormone.

Which of the following hormones bind to membrane receptors and activate G-proteins?

peptide hormones

The fact that epinephrine has no apparent effect on energy consumption unless thyroid hormones are present in normal concentrations is an example of a(n)

permissive effect.

Excessive urine production, which is a characteristic symptom of all forms of diabetes, is known as

polyuria.

Preparation of the uterus for implantation results from stimulation by

progesterone

The endocrine system

relies on the release of chemicals that bind to target cells.

Hormones from which of the following glands are responsible for the calorigenic effect?

thyroid gland

Another name for antidiuretic hormone is

vasopressin

Disorders associated with thyroid hormone excess have symptoms related to

weight loss.

Diabetes insipidus can be caused by

failure of the kidneys to respond to ADH.

The alpha cells of the pancreas produce

glucagon

Hypothalamic hormones that stimulate the synthesis and secretion of one or more hormones in the anterior lobe are called

regulating hormones.

Which of the following hormones enter a cell by diffusion?

steroid hormones

Which statement regarding growth hormone (GH) is true?

GH stimulates the breakdown of stored fats and the release of fatty acids into the blood.

During the Alarm Phase of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS), there is

mobilization of glycogen and lipid reserves.

Peripheral structures sensitive to the presence of hormones are called

target cells.

Insulin causes

conversion of glucose to glycogen in the liver and skeletal muscles.

You are a 24-year-old woman who loves to run about 5 miles per day, every day. You are eating regularly and have the stamina to run long distances, but you are very slender. One of the problems that you might likely experience would be

becoming pregnant.