Ch. 11 Section Review 2

missi dominici

"the Kings envoys" which consisted of a bishop and two nobles under Charlemagne who traveled around the country to enforce the king's laws, inspect local conditions, and listen to grievences

What took place on Christmas Day int the year 800? How did this event lead to conflict between the Popes and the kings?

Charlemagne was proclaimed Charles Augustus, Emperor of the Romans by Pope Leo III. This cause future kings to try and claim supreme authority over al, human affairs, sacred or secular.

Louis the Pious

Charlemagne's son who took power in 814 - weaker leader - his 3 sons divided the kingdom into now present day France, Germany, and Italy

Who was the greatest of the Carolingian kings? What was significant about his empire?

Charlemagne; his empire was the largest in the West since Roman Empire of the A.D. 300's.

Who was the most famous Mayor of the Palace? What did his name mean?

Charles Martel who's name means "the Hammer".

How did this Frankish king benefit from his conversion to Christianity? What did the Roman church gain?

Clovis gained support of the church in Gaul and it helped form and alliance between the Roman church the Frankish kings which would last for over a thousand years.

Name the first great military and political leader of the Franks. In what year was he baptized into the Roman church?

Clovis; Christmas Day 498 A.D.

How and when was the Carolingian Empire divided after Charlemagne's reign? Why is this important?

In 843 the Carolingian Empire was divide up among Charlemagne's three grandsons. This event set the stage for that formation of the modern nations of France nag Germany.

What was significant about the Battle of Tours? When was this decisive battle fought?

It halted the Muslim invasion in Europe and was fought in 732.

Moors

Muslims from North Africa who took over Spain in 711 but was held out of France by the Frankish army in 732 under Charles Martel

Who was the first king of the Carolingian line? Explain how he came to the thrown.

Pepin the Short; after the death of his father he became Mayor of the Palace, but he felt that since he was doing the duties of a king he should be made king so he brought it to the attention of the Roman church who crowned him king in 751

Who were the Vikings? What became of the most important Viking settlement in Europe?

They were a violent, pagan people who were fierce warriors that invaded the Carolingian Empire from the north. The most important Viking settlement in Europe was Normandy.

Magyars

a Nomadic people from Asia who penetrated deep into southeastern Europe abd earned the name "Scourge of Europe" because of their savage raids

Carolingian minuscule

a more legible style of hand writing invented in the 700's which became the basis for modern handriting styles as well as the roman type face

marks

a series of provinces set up by Charlemagne to act as buffer states between his empire and its enemies

Merovingians

line of kings from Clovis's descent who were named after Clovis's grandfather who comited many savage and viloent crimes as they fought over the throne; became known as the "do-nothing" kings

Papal States

the "Donation of Pepin"; a region around Rome that was captured from the Lombards by Pepin the Short and given to the pope

Mayor of the Palace

the chief official of the royal house hold who frequently took over the responsibilities of the Merovingian or "do-nothing" kings

Lorraine

the land of the middle kingdom north of the Alps that was divided between Charles and Louis after Lothair's death