CH 12 Summary Quiz

Which of these muscles moves the wrist?

1. extensor carpi ulnaris 2. flexor carpi radialis 3. abductor pollicis longus

Muscles with origins on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus

1. include the anconeus and supinator 2. are mostly extensors

Muscles of the pelvic girdle and lower limbs are grouped by all of the following criteria

1. muscles that move the coxal joint/thigh 2. thigh muscles that move the knee joint/leg 3. intrinsic muscles of the foot

Appendicular muscles

1. stabilize the pectoral and pelvic girdles 2. control the movements of the upper and lower limbs 3. work in groups that are either synergistic or antagonistic

How many layers of intrinsic muscles are on the plantar surface of the foot?

4

supraspinatus

Abduction

serratus anterior

Abducts and protracts the scapula

coracobrachialis

Flexes and adducts the humerus

Most of the forearm muscles in the anterior compartment originate on the

Medial epicondyle of the humerus

gluteus minimus

Medially rotates thigh; abducts the hip

gastrocnemius

Plantar flexes foot

The ____ flexes the knee and causes a slight medial rotation to unlock the knee joint.

Popliteus

teres minor

Rotates arm laterally

subscapularis

Rotates arm medially

On the foot as well as the hand, the dorsal interossei ____________ the digits.

abduct

The dorsal interossei muscles in the hand

abduct fingers 2-5

The dorsal interossei muscles in the hand _______ fingers 2-5

abducts

Which thigh adductor has an origin on the ischial tuberosity?

adductor magnus

pectineus

adducts and flexes thigh

All of the following muscles flex the forearm except the: brachialis. biceps brachii. brachioradialis. anconeus.

anconeus

All of the following muscles flex the forearm except: brachialis biceps brachii brachioradialis anconeus

anconeus

In the lower limb, hip flexors insert ____________ on the thigh, while knee flexors insert ____________ on the leg.

anteriorly; posteriorly

extensor retinaculum

connective tissue band secures the muscles that cross the dorsal/dorsal radial side of the wrist in place. Role is to prevent underlying tendons from bowstringing away from the radiocarpal joints during active wrist motion.

Of all the scapular muscles, the only one that flexes and adducts the arm is the

coracobrachialis

In terms of adduction and abduction of the arm, which muscle opposes the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi?

deltoid

Muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg _____ the foot and _____ the toes.

dorsiflex extend

Muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg

dorsiflex the foot and extend the toes

tibialis anterior

dorsiflexes foot

The tibialis anterior opposes the soleus by performing which action?

dorsiflexion

rhomboid major

elevates scapula

All of the hamstring muscles work together in which actions?

extending the thigh and flexing the leg

quadriceps femoris

extends leg

Which action is performed by most muscles in the posterior compartment of the forearm?

extension

Which action is performed by the most muscles at the wrist?

extension

The ____________ all insert on the tibial tuberosity (by way of the patella).

extensors of the knee joint

Eversion of the foot is caused by the contraction of the ___ muscle.

fibularis brevis

Eversion of the foot is caused by the contraction of the _____ muscle.

fibularis brevis

Which leg muscles work together to evert the foot?

fibularis longus and fibularis brevis

The _____ causes plantar flexion of the foot.

gastrocnemius

Because the two heads of the ____________ share a common tendon of insertion with the ____________, these muscles are collectively called the triceps surae.

gastrocnemius; soleus

Which muscle has the same actions as the tensor fasciae latae and is a frequent site of intramuscular injections?

gluteus medius

The contraction of the _____ causes medial rotation of the thigh.

gluteus minimus

Which muscles originate on the ischial tuberosity and extend the thigh plus flex the leg?

hamstring muscles

Which muscles originate on the ischial tuberosity and extend the thigh plus flex the leg?

hamstrings

Of the following, which two muscles are antagonists to different actions of the gluteus maximus?

iliopsoas and gluteus minimus

Which muscles are antagonists to the subscapularis?

infraspinatus and teres minor

The tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior act synergistically to ____________ the foot.

invert

Which joint has the most flexors?

knee

Which action is performed by the most muscles at the coxal joint?

lateral rotation

What is the sole action of all five deep muscles of the gluteal region?

lateral rotation of the thigh

teres minor

laterally rotates humerus

Which muscle extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm?

latissimus dorsi

Which muscles allow you to shrug your shoulders?

levator scapulae

Both the gluteus minimus and the gluteus medius abduct and ____________ the thigh at the coxal joint.

medially rotate

Thumb opposition is caused by contraction of the ____ muscle.

opponens pollicis

Thumb opposition is caused by contraction of the _____ muscle.

opponens pollicis

Which muscle of the upper limb inserts onto specialized areas of deep fascia rather than bone?

palmaris longus

The posterior muscles of the leg

plantar flex the foot and flex the toes

soleus

plantar flexes foot

deltoid

prime abductor of humerus

pronator teres

pronates forearm

serratus anterior

protracts scapula

Which muscle performs most of the actions required to cross one's legs?

sartorius

The only muscles that flex both the thigh and the leg are the

sartorius and gracilis

Which muscle contributes most directly to the careers of boxers?

serratus anterior

Which muscle is the prime mover in protraction of the scapula?

serratus anterior

The gastrocnemius and soleus are like the psoas major and iliacus in that each pair

shares a tendon of insertion and is often regarded as a single muscle

What are the rotator cuff muscles

supraspinatus infraspinatus teres minor subscapularis

What causes compartment syndrome?

swollen muscles that compress blood vessels in a limb compartment

1. originates on the iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine 2. inserts on the iliotibial tract of the fascia lata 3. abducts and medially rotates the thigh

tensor fasciae latae

The ____________ assists the subscapularis in medial rotation of the arm.

teres major

Which muscle is the primary antagonist of the muscles that insert on the calcaneus?

tibialis anterior

Which muscle is the prime mover in extension of the elbow?

triceps brachii

The quadriceps femoris is composed of which of the following muscles?

vastus lateralis vastus medialis rectus femoris vastus intermedius