CH. 13 - Architecture

________ are relatively lightweight, amazingly strong, and built with prefabricated modules, all of which allows for quick and inexpensive construction

geodesic dome

The construction of the Eiffel Tower

is a quintessential example of skeleton architecture

Adobe

sun dried brick used as an architectural building material

The key to fabric architecture is

tension

Why in the early period of Zaha Hadis' career was she sometimes called a paper architect?

the buildings she designed had not been constructed, they only existed on paper

In a Greek temple, what are the three basic elements of an entablature?

- architrave - cornice - frieze

Which of the following architectural elements are characteristic of Gothic style?

- flying buttresses - rose windows - pointed arches

Which of the following innovations made balloon framed construction practical?

- improved milling lumber techniques - mass produced nails

Louis Sulllvan's Wainwright Building

- is considered to be the advent of modern skyscraper construction - embellishes modern construction with classical decorative details

The ionic style of Greek architecture is classified by

- stepped column bases - voluted capitals

Concrete is composed of

- water - cement - gravel

In this illustration, what are A and B?

A is a post and B is a lintel

Hypostyle Hall

A vast roofed space of post and lintel construction

Where did the style of column in this image originate?

China

This image represents the elements of ________ architecture

Gothic

What culture is most closely associated with the use of corbelled architectural elements?

Indian

Visible structure of a building is characteristic of the ______ style of architecture.

International

Which of the following is not an advantage of balloon frame construction?

It can be built to conceivably infinite heights.

What is the significance of the isolation of the Taj Mahal's dome as illustrated in this picture?

It is ornamental.

This image is characteristic of which type of construction?

Round arch

True or False: Around 1980 many architects begin using 2D drawing programs to guide construction of architectural projects

True

The weight of a suspension bridge is primarily supported by

a series of steel cables

This image represents a __________ or an arch extended in depth.

barrel vault

In a vaulted church, each rectangular division of space, consisting of one groin vault is called a

bay

It could be inferred that due to the advent of new technologies and materials, modern architecture is

better equipped to respond to community and environmental needs

What structural feature reinforces and supports the outward thrusts of arches from the outside?

buttresses

The decorative ornament on the ceiling of a dome, which also serves to lessen the weight is known as

coffering

As shown in this illustration, ___________ rely on rows of stones that extend over each other until the opening is bridged.

corbelled domes

The purpose of green architecture is to

create a healthier and less wasteful human habitat

What are the two main components of CAD/CAM?

digital technology and computer driven technology

The Crystal Palace in Hyde Park, London

established the success of cast-iron as building material

Gothic style architecture is well known for the use of _______ buttresses that supports the outward thrusts of soaring arches.

flying

R. Buckminster Fuller developed the ________.

geodesic dome

Architects call the forces that act upon a building

loads

The central vaulted space of a Romanesque church is called the

nave

A circular opening at the top of a dome is called the

oculus

The architectural element indicated with the arrow in this picture that gaps the transition from a square base to a domed roof is known as

pendentive

______________ allow the height of a vault to be increased dramatically without necessitating a wider base.

pointed arches

What are the trademark building of Frank Llyod Wright's architectural oeuvre?

prairie houses

Our sense of community is strengthened by having access to

public spaces

Reinforced-concrete construction is most similar to the _______ structural system.

shell

Which of the following is not a basic architectural structural system?

stacking

What type of skeleton and skin construction is shown in this illustration?

steel frame

___________ construction was developed to allow for the fabrication of tall buildings not possible using balloon frame techniques

steel frame

A drawback of load-bearing construction is

the inability to insert large openings, such as windows, in the walls

The creation of such showpieces as the Crystal Palace and the Eiffel Tower were made possible by

the mass production of iron and steel

When deciding on the structural system for a building, ________ and ________ are the first considerations.

weight; tensile strength

What are two examples of nomadic dwellings involving fabric architecture?

yurts and tents

What is the primary drawback of post and lintel architecture?

Its limitation to span relatively large open spaces