CH. 13 - Architecture
________ are relatively lightweight, amazingly strong, and built with prefabricated modules, all of which allows for quick and inexpensive construction
geodesic dome
The construction of the Eiffel Tower
is a quintessential example of skeleton architecture
Adobe
sun dried brick used as an architectural building material
The key to fabric architecture is
tension
Why in the early period of Zaha Hadis' career was she sometimes called a paper architect?
the buildings she designed had not been constructed, they only existed on paper
In a Greek temple, what are the three basic elements of an entablature?
- architrave - cornice - frieze
Which of the following architectural elements are characteristic of Gothic style?
- flying buttresses - rose windows - pointed arches
Which of the following innovations made balloon framed construction practical?
- improved milling lumber techniques - mass produced nails
Louis Sulllvan's Wainwright Building
- is considered to be the advent of modern skyscraper construction - embellishes modern construction with classical decorative details
The ionic style of Greek architecture is classified by
- stepped column bases - voluted capitals
Concrete is composed of
- water - cement - gravel
In this illustration, what are A and B?
A is a post and B is a lintel
Hypostyle Hall
A vast roofed space of post and lintel construction
Where did the style of column in this image originate?
China
This image represents the elements of ________ architecture
Gothic
What culture is most closely associated with the use of corbelled architectural elements?
Indian
Visible structure of a building is characteristic of the ______ style of architecture.
International
Which of the following is not an advantage of balloon frame construction?
It can be built to conceivably infinite heights.
What is the significance of the isolation of the Taj Mahal's dome as illustrated in this picture?
It is ornamental.
This image is characteristic of which type of construction?
Round arch
True or False: Around 1980 many architects begin using 2D drawing programs to guide construction of architectural projects
True
The weight of a suspension bridge is primarily supported by
a series of steel cables
This image represents a __________ or an arch extended in depth.
barrel vault
In a vaulted church, each rectangular division of space, consisting of one groin vault is called a
bay
It could be inferred that due to the advent of new technologies and materials, modern architecture is
better equipped to respond to community and environmental needs
What structural feature reinforces and supports the outward thrusts of arches from the outside?
buttresses
The decorative ornament on the ceiling of a dome, which also serves to lessen the weight is known as
coffering
As shown in this illustration, ___________ rely on rows of stones that extend over each other until the opening is bridged.
corbelled domes
The purpose of green architecture is to
create a healthier and less wasteful human habitat
What are the two main components of CAD/CAM?
digital technology and computer driven technology
The Crystal Palace in Hyde Park, London
established the success of cast-iron as building material
Gothic style architecture is well known for the use of _______ buttresses that supports the outward thrusts of soaring arches.
flying
R. Buckminster Fuller developed the ________.
geodesic dome
Architects call the forces that act upon a building
loads
The central vaulted space of a Romanesque church is called the
nave
A circular opening at the top of a dome is called the
oculus
The architectural element indicated with the arrow in this picture that gaps the transition from a square base to a domed roof is known as
pendentive
______________ allow the height of a vault to be increased dramatically without necessitating a wider base.
pointed arches
What are the trademark building of Frank Llyod Wright's architectural oeuvre?
prairie houses
Our sense of community is strengthened by having access to
public spaces
Reinforced-concrete construction is most similar to the _______ structural system.
shell
Which of the following is not a basic architectural structural system?
stacking
What type of skeleton and skin construction is shown in this illustration?
steel frame
___________ construction was developed to allow for the fabrication of tall buildings not possible using balloon frame techniques
steel frame
A drawback of load-bearing construction is
the inability to insert large openings, such as windows, in the walls
The creation of such showpieces as the Crystal Palace and the Eiffel Tower were made possible by
the mass production of iron and steel
When deciding on the structural system for a building, ________ and ________ are the first considerations.
weight; tensile strength
What are two examples of nomadic dwellings involving fabric architecture?
yurts and tents
What is the primary drawback of post and lintel architecture?
Its limitation to span relatively large open spaces