ch 13 brain and cranial nerves

Which of the following sensory pathways would form a synapse in the thalamus?

-Auditory -Visual -Taste

What are the basic functions of the cerebrum?

-Controls conscious perception -Controls thought -Controls conscious motor activity

Where does the vagus (X) nerve carries impulses to/from?

-Muscles associated with swallowing -Muscles associated with speech -Viscera of the abdomen -Viscera of the thorax

What are the functions of cerebrospinal fluid?

-Protects the brain against the shock of rapid head movements -Provides nutrients to CNS tissues

What are the functions of the temporal lobe?

-Receives and integrates input for smell -Plays a role in memory and abstract thought -Receives and integrates auditory input

Identify the functions of the oculomotor nerve.

-Regulates the shape of the eye -Controls many of the muscles that move the eyeball

What are the functions of the inferior colliculus?

-Signals from the inner ear -Auditory signals -Visual reflexes

Identify the cranial nerves that control the muscles that move the eyeball.

-Trochlear -Abducens -Oculomotor

Place the parts of the brainstem from most inferior at the top to most superior at the bottom.

1. medulla oblongata 2. pons 3. midbrain

How many divisions does the trigeminal nerve have?

3

_____meningeal layer(s) cover(s) the brain and spinal cord.

3

A major function of the Thalamus is which of the following?

A relay center for most sensory signals

What group of nuclei help in controlling motor functions?

Basal nuclei

The fluid that bathes the brain and spinal cord and provides a protective cushion around the CNS is_____ fluid

CSF

What part of the brain integrates information about the position of the body's parts and sends out signals that coordinate skeletal muscle movements?

Cerebellum

Identify the three layers of meninges.

Dura mater Pia mater Arachnoid mater

True or false: The pons is largely responsible for the control of skeletal muscle activity

False

What part of the brain regulate fundamental behaviors such as thirst, hunger and reproduction?

Hypothalamus

Correctly pair the cranial nerve with its corresponding number.

I. olfactory bulb II. optic nerve III. oculomotor nerve IV. trochlear nerve VI.Abducens nerve, V. Trigeminal nerve

Which of the following is the function of the brainstem?

It is a critical center for essential survival reflexes, and even small areas of destruction can be fatal.

What are the membranes that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord?

Meninges

Basal nuclei are interconnected areas of neurons involved in which one of the following functions?

Motor function control

Which cranial nerve contains only sensory nerve fibers and transmits impulses associated with the sense of smell?

Olfactory nerve

Which type of cranial nerve contains only sensory nerve fibers and transmits impulses associated with the sense of vision?

Optic nerve

Identify the function of the oculomotor, trochlear and abducens nerves.

Promotes movement of the muscles of the eyeball

Identify the function of the parietal lobe of the cerebrum.

Receives and evaluates general senses (touch, pain,etc.)

What is the function of the occipital lobe?

Receives and integrates visual input

If someone had an injury to the medulla oblongata, which might be impaired?

Regulating blood vessel diameter and blood pressure

Identify the part of the brainstem that is a network of nerve fibers and associated islands of gray matter which acts to filter incoming signals and to arouse the cerebral cortex.

Reticular formation

Which is a function of the hypoglossal nerve?

Sends signals to muscles of the tongue

What is the source(s) of sensory information conveyed via the sensory fibers of the facial nerve?

Taste receptors of anterior tongue

Identify the structure of the brain that functions as the major sensory relay station.

Thalamus

The epidural space is located between what two structures?

The vertebrae and the dura mater

Describe the function of the olfactory nerve.

Transmits information regarding the sense of smell.

Identify the function of the optic nerve.

Transmits visual information

Which cranial nerve functions to sense touch, pain, and temperature on the upper and lower face and to transmit motor impulses needed for chewing?

Trigeminal

Cerebellar atrophy would most likely cause which of the following?

Trouble with balance and coordination of movements.

True or false: The brainstem is responsible for many essential functions, including many reflexes essential for survival.

True

Match the cranial nerve with its corresponding number.

VII. Facial nerve VIII. Vestibulocochlear IX. Glossopharyngeal nerve X. Vagus nerve XII. Hypoglossal nerve XI. Accessory nerve.

Identify the cranial nerve that is a mixed nerve that carries somatic motor impulses to muscles associated with speech and swallowing, and autonomic fibers transmit impulses to viscera of the thorax and abdomen?

Vagus (X)

The cranial nerve that innervates skeletal muscles of the neck and back is the ______ nerve.

accessory

The cranial nerve that is a primarily motor nerve with two branches: the spinal branch and the cranial branch is the ______ nerve.

accessory

A group of nuclei located within the cerebrum, diencephalon and midbrain that aid in controlling motor functions are_______

basal nuclei

The part of the brain that is important in maintaining posture and equilibrium and is attached to the brainstem posterior to the pons is the

cerebellum

The part of the brain that controls conscious perception, thought and motor activity is the

cerebrum

Taste receptors of anterior tongue are the source of sensory information conveyed via the sensory fibers of the ____nerve.

facial

Taste receptors of anterior tongue are the source of sensory information conveyed via the sensory fibers of the_____ nerve

facial

The most inferior portion of the diencephalon is the

hypothalamus

The part of the diencephalon that is directly involved in regulating thirst, hunger and sex drive behaviors is the

hypothalamus

The portion of the midbrain involved in dealing with auditory pathways is the ____

inferior colliculus

The hypothalamus is the most ______ portion of the _____

inferior, diencephalon

The group of structures within the brain that are important in emotions and memory is called the ___ system.

limbic

The group of structures in the brain involved with emotions and memory is the ___

limbic system

The component of the brainstem that contains reflex centers for heart rate, breathing, swallowing, and vomiting is the

medulla oblongata

The most superior part of the brainstem is the __

midbrain

The most superior part of the brainstem is the ______.

midbrain

The lobe of the cerebrum that contains the visual centers is the____lobe

occipital

The cranial nerve that controls many of the muscles that move the eyeball, constricts the pupils and promotes lens accommodation is the _____ nerve.

oculomotor

The cranial nerve that transmits visual information is the ___nerve.

optic

The lobe of the cerebrum that receives and evaluates general senses (touch, pain, etc.) is the_______lobe

parietal

Regulation of rapid eye movement during sleep, and respiration are some of the functions of the ___

pons

The midbrain is directly superior to the ___

pons

Within the brainstem is a network of nerve fibers and associated islands of gray matter which acts to filter incoming signals and to arouse the cerebral cortex. It is not a distinct structure, but is diffusely arranged within the brainstem. This network of fibers is called the_________ formation

reticular

The optic nerve contains only______ nerve fibers and transmits impulses associated with the sense of_______

sensory, vision

The olfactory nerve contains only ______ nerve fibers and transmits impulses associated with the sense of________

sensory/afferent, smell/olfaction

The ______ space is the space called between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater.

subarachnoid

The space associated with the meninges that contains cerebrospinal fluid is the______ space

subarachnoid

The lobe of the cerebrum that receives and integrates information for hearing and smell is the _____ lobe.

temporal

All sensory neurons except olfactory neurons form their first cerebral synapses in the ___

thalamus

The major sensory relay center of the brain is the

thalamus