ch 14

What percentage of young women and teens in the United States is clinically bulimic?

1-3%

The current average age of menarche among well-nourished girls is:

12 years, 4 months

Anorexia nervosa was undiagnosed until about:

1950

According to research by Shattuck and Kreider (2013), _____ percent of teen mothers are unwed.

85

Which of the following girls is most likely to have engaged in sexual activity?

Brenda, who has low self-esteem

Which statement BEST captures the relationship between biorhythms and circadian rhythms?

Circadian rhythms are a type of biorhythm.

Which country has the highest reported condom use for 15-year-olds?

France

The route that many hormones follow to trigger the changes of puberty is called:

HPA axis

_____ increases the chances of fatal uterine cancer.

HPV

Why do emotions rule behavior for many teens?

The amygdala matures before the prefrontal cortex does.

Sophia is a 17-year-old girl. Which statement below is true about body fat for Sophia?

The average 17-year-old girl has twice the percentage of body fat as a 17-year-old boy.

Which statement concerning a teenager's brain growth is true?

The limbic system matures before the prefrontal cortex does.

According to the text, what explains why many teenagers are thrill seekers?

The prefrontal cortex is not yet mature.

Why are many teenagers thrill seekers?

The prefrontal cortex is not yet mature.

Reliable longitudinal research on the brain from childhood into adolescence showed:

a decrease in gray matter and an increase in white matter.

Chloe is going through puberty, which can:

affect her stress, appetite, and sleep.

What disorder is characterized by voluntary starvation?

anorexia nervosa

Bill lives in the United States and is the same height as his father and grandfather. The same is true for many other generations of families. The secular trend of each generation growing taller:

appears to have stopped in developed nations.

Which of the following is a predictor of the start of puberty?

body fat

Thomas, a tenth-grader, feels ashamed when, in the locker room, he compares his body composition to that of the other boys. He feels he is too skinny and too short. Thomas has a negative view of how his body looks; that is, he has a negative _____.

body image

A _____ is a day-night cycle of biological activity that occurs approximately every 24 hours.

circadian rhythm

_____ levels increase during puberty, causing adolescents to become angry or upset quicker.

cortisol

The overall rate of teen births and teen abortions is:

declining for both

The overall rate of teen births and teen abortions is: =

declining for both

Compared to 100 years ago, adolescent sexual activity, especially if it results in birth, is more hazardous because:

earlier puberty and weaker social taboos mean teens have sexual experiences at younger ages.

Shane, a fifth-grader, drinks his parents' liquor when they are not home and yells at family members when he does not get his way. Shane's behavior is most likely due to his:

early maturation.

At adolescence, the gonads increase the production of sex hormones: _____ in girls and _____ in boys.

estradiol; testosterone

How much weight an adolescent gains during his or her growth spurt depends on all of the following EXCEPT:

gender identity

Which of the following is another name for the sex glands?

gonads

Researchers believe that hormones and environmental chemicals in the food supply:

have led to both weight gain and early maturation.

Which of the following is among the body changes in adolescence that increase physical endurance?

heart doubles in size

Precocious puberty may result from:

hormones in food.

In the brain, the pituitary gland and a structure called the _____ regulate hormones that affect stress, appetite, and sleep.

hypothalamus

One result of dissatisfaction with body image is that many teenage girls eat erratically or _____ to lose weight.

ingest drugs

One result of dissatisfaction with body image is that many teenage girls eat erratically or _____ to lose weight

ingest drugs (especially diet pills)

International comparisons indicated that U.S. high school students were _____ to use a condom during their most recent sexual encounter.

least likely

Mary is a fifth-grader and is starting to eat more food each day. The hormone that affects Mary's appetite and is believed to affect the onset of puberty is _____.

leptin

In the United States, young persons aged 15 to 24 make up __________ of the sexually active population and account for _____________ of all STIs.

less than one-fourth; half

Which of the following is a primary sex characteristic?

maturation of the testes

Jojo recently had her first menstrual period, called:

menarche

Regarding body image, what is a problem at every age?

obesity

During puberty, the growth spurt proceeds in a fashion _____ the proximodistal sequence.

opposite to

The sex glands in a female are called _____, and the sex glands in a male are called _____.

ovaries; testicles

Among girls, body dissatisfaction:

peaks in mid-adolescence.

Jasmine, a first-grader, is beginning to show visible signs of breast development. This is called:

precocious puberty.

Margie is planning her daughter's 16th birthday party and trying not to cry, thinking how her daughter seems to be growing up too fast. She is using the part of her brain that is called the:

prefrontal cortex

The _____ is/are responsible for planning ahead and emotional regulation in the brain.

prefrontal cortex

Younger pregnant teenagers often postpone:

prenatal care

Jazmine is pregnant. The parts of Jazmine's body that are directly involved in reproduction are called the _____ sex characteristics.

primary

The parts of the body that are directly involved in reproduction are called:

primary sex characteristics

During puberty, the growth spurt:

proceeds from the extremities to the core.

The pubertal growth spurt:

proceeds from the extremities to the core.

Growth during the adolescent growth spurt proceeds from the extremities to the core. This is the opposite of:

proximodistal growth

The period of rapid physical growth and sexual maturation that ends childhood is called:

puberty

During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, each generation reached puberty before the previous one. This is known as the:

secular trend

Robby, a 14-year-old, is depressed and is taking illegal drugs. One possible cause of this behavior may be:

sexual abuse

Which of the following is considered a male secondary sexual characteristic?

shoulders widen

What is important for many adolescents in every nation?

size and maturation

For boys, this may occasionally occur during sleep or direct stimulation.

spermarche

This is a boy's first ejaculation of sperm.

spermarche

Which complication is associated with teen pregnancy?

spontaneous abortion

One result of dissatisfaction with body image is that many teenage boys:

take steroids to increase muscle mass.

The risk of anorexia increases when:

teens have a close family member who has an eating disorder or depression.

The overall rate of teen births and teen abortions in the United States is:

the highest of any developed nation.

The limbic system is responsible for:

the intense fear and excitement from the amygdala, and it matures before the prefrontal cortex.

Fourteen-year-old Tajuana became very emotional when her parents rejected her request to go on a date with a high school senior. Her parent's attempts to discuss their reasons for not permitting the date were ignored and Tajuana refuses to discuss the issue. Tajuana's emotional response and refusal to listen and discuss the reasons for her parent's decision is due to:

the limbic system maturing before the prefrontal cortex.

The immaturity of a young teenage mother will increase the risk of:

the mother failing to provide the responsive care an infant needs.

Matthew is a fully formed adolescent boy. The _____ was/were the last part(s) of Matthew's body to develop.

torso

The last part(s) of the adolescent body to be fully formed is (are) the:

torso

During adolescence, the lungs will _________ in weight and the heart will ___________ in size.

triple; double

The brain of every living creature responds to the environment with:

variation depending on the time of the year.

Ming-Lee, a teenager from China, and Sara Jo, a teenager in the United States, have similar anxieties about:

weight gain

Dissatisfaction with body image is found:

worldwide