Ch. 15: Adolescence: Cognitive Development

What type of thought begins with a prior belief, past experience, or common assumption, rather than a logical premise? presumptive intuitive methodical investigative

B. Intuitive

Which of the following statements about the use of the Internet and other forms of technology is true? They can be used as tools for learning. Computer use has NOT been shown to improve test scores. Use causes isolation. All of these answers are correct.

a. They can be used as tools for learning.

The notion that two networks exist within the brain, one for emotional and one for analytical processing of stimuli, describes the: dual-process model. interchanging phenomenon. multipurpose model. network processing model.

a. dual-process model

The "low ebb" of learning occurs in: middle school. high school. the higher-education years. modern primary education.

a. middle school

The period after primary education and before tertiary education is called: secondary education. elementary school. college. All of these answers are correct.

a. secondary education

At which of the following ages would you expect acute self-consciousness to be at its highest? 8 12 16 18

b. 12

Marrisa decided to drive her car to Las Vegas rather than fly after reading a story about a plane crash. This common fallacy is called: statistical rate neglect. base rate neglect. sunk cost fallacy. cost rate neglect.

b. base rate neglect.

The mistaken assumption that, because a person has already spent time, money, or effort on some endeavor that has failed, more should be invested in an effort to reach the goal is referred to as: effort rate analysis. cost-effectiveness fallacy. sunk cost fallacy. base rate neglect.

b. cost-effectiveness fallacy?? Said C but got it wrong

The findings of a study of middle school students in Los Angeles suggest that __________ makes students feel safer and less lonely. racial homogeny having someone to blame a cheerful environment engaging in extracurricular activities

b. having someone to blame

The adolescent's belief that he or she cannot be overcome or even harmed by anything that might defeat a normal mortal is called the: personal fable. invincibility fable. superhero fable. imaginary audience.

b. invisibility fable

When it comes to religion: few teens have the same faith as their parents. most adolescents feel close to God. most adolescents are atheists. most adolescents are agnostics.

b. most adolescents feel close to God.

High schools today: allow many students to earn a general diploma and thus avoid the rigor of college-preparatory courses. often require most students to take two years of math beyond algebra. allow most students to choose their own curriculum. prepare most students for a trade.

b. often require most students to take two years of math beyond algebra.

Which theorist first described adolescent egocentrism? Lawrence Kohlberg Jean Piaget David Elkind Sigmund Freud

c. David Elkind

What is the aspect of adolescent egocentrism characterized by the adolescent's belief that his or her thoughts, feelings, and experiences are unique? invincibility fable uniqueness phenomenon personal fable the imaginary audience

c. personal fable

Today's "digital divide": separates boys from girls. separates rich from poor. separates young from old. is international.

c. separates young from old

Bullying that occurs when one person spreads insults or rumors about another by means of e-mails, text messages, or the Internet is called: technological assassination. unilateral bullying. Internet bullying. cyberbullying.

d. cyberbullying

Randy is in the stage of _______ if his thinking is no longer dependant on concrete experiences. sensorimotor thought preoperational thought concrete operational thought formal operational thought

d. formal operational thought

"Secondary education" refers to: vocational education programs, where one learns a job skill. after-school programs. college. grades 7 through 12.

d. grades 7-12

High-stakes testing as a requirement for high school graduation potentially results in: advancements in cognitive development. greater college success. higher-quality curriculum. more dropouts.

d. more dropouts

"Throwing good money after bad" is a phrase often used when we put more and more money into something that really was not worth it in the first place. Which of the following best explains why we often do not choose to "cut our losses"? egocentrism the invincibility fable imaginary audience sunk cost fallacy

d. sunk cost fallacy