Ch 18 and 19
What was the central plank of the Know-Nothing Party?
Heavily nativistic
Who was Hinton R Helper?
Impending Crisis of the South; said non-slave owning whites most affected by slavery
What did the Lecompton Constitution propose?
Kansas slaveowners were to be protected if slavery was abolished in Kansas
Where was the CSA first organized?
Montgomery, Alabama
What were the results of Daniel Webster's Seventh of March speech?
Northern opinion was turned to compromise
How would slavery be decided in the New Mexico and Utah territories with the Compromise of 1850?
Popular Sovereignty
Describe the Gold Rush
Population boom allowed Cali to directly become a state
Why did the Republicans lose the 1856 election?
Public was afraid of civil war starting
List all the Presidential Candidates of 1860 and their position on slavery
Repub - Lincoln - Against slavery; Northern Dem - Douglas - Popular Sovereignty; Southern Dems - John C Breckenridge - for slavery; John Bell - preserving Union
Describe the election of 1856
Repub- John C Fremont; Dem - James Buchanan; Know-Nothing - Millard Fillmoore
What was the Gadsden Purchase?
Sections of NM and AZ to be bought from Mexico for a Southern railroad
How did Stephen Douglas propose the slavery questions to be solved in the Kansas-Nebraska territory
Slavery was to be decided by Popular Sovereignty
What was the Freeport Doctrine?
Slavery was to be decided by the people, regardless of the Supreme Court
What did the Supreme Court rule in Dred Scott?
Slaves could be taken anywhere because they were property
What were the results of the Harpers Ferry raid?
Slaves didn't know about it, so the rebellion failed. Brown was imprisoned and executed.
What were the results of the Panic of 1857?
South was relatively unaffected; North's grain growers crapped out; Tariff was demanded to be raised
What were John Brown's intentions at Harpers Ferry?
Start a slave revolt by seizing guns
What did James Buchanan believe about the South's secession?
The South wasn't justified, but he couldn't do anything forcefully
What was the breaking point over slavery in Kansas?
The burning of Lawrence
Who was Harriet Tubman?
conductor on the Underground Railroad
What all did the Free Soil party advocate?
opposed slavery, supported Wilmott Proviso, wanted feds to pay for internal improvements, and for the Government to give free homesteads to settlers
Popular Sovereignty
people could vote for or against slavery in the territories
What was the Ostend Manifesto?
proposed that Cuba be bought for $20 million
Why did many Northern states pass Personal Liberty Laws?
To hamper Fugitive Slave enforcement
Why was the Constitutional Union Party formed in the election of 1860?
To keep the Union together
Who were the Young Guard from the North?
William H Seward, other people interested in purifying the union
Who was Harriet Beecher Stowe?
Writer of Uncle Tom's Cabin
How did John C Calhoun's plan intend on protecting the South?
2 Presidents - 1 from North, 1 from South
Why did some Southerners want to annex Cuba?
Could be split up to form several smaller Southern states
What caused the Whig party to split in 1852?
Couldn't consolidate their position on slavery
How did Northerners feel about Dred Scott?
Deeply opposed to this
How did Southerners feel about Dred Scott?
Deeply pleased by this
What all provisions did the Fugitive Slave Law include?
Blacks had no right to a jury, trial, or ability to testify for themselves; anyone helping a slave was to be fined or imprisoned, and Federal judges were paid more for slave convictions
How did the Democrats and the Whigs address slavery in the 1846 election?
Both ignored it
What happened between Preston Brooks and Charles Sumner?
Brooks assaulted Sumner
What did Webster urge in his speech?
Compromise, reasonableness, and concession to Southern demands
Why did Lincoln win the 1860 Republican nomination?
He had the fewest enemies
What did Senator William Seward argue in debates of 1850?
Argued that Christian politicians should obey God's laws
Why did the secessionists support leaving the Union?
Didn't think the North would care if they left; Political power tipping against them;
What were the results of the Lincoln/Douglas debate?
Douglas won the debate, but Lincoln won the national spotlight
How did Zachary Taylor help the Compromise of 1850?
He died
Why did Lincoln oppose the Crittenden Compromise?
He felt he couldn't agree on principle
Why did Buchanan win the Democratic nomination in 1856?
He had no involvement in Kansas-Nebraska
What alarmed Northerners the most about the Compromise of 1850?
The harsher Fugitive Slave law
Who was William Walker?
The would-be conqueror of Nicaragua
During the 1850's, how did slaves most frequently gain their freedom?
They bought it
What did people in South Carolina do once Lincoln won?
They got their reason to sececeed
Why did the public like Popular Sovereignty?
They thought it was democratic
What did the South do about the debt owed to the Northern creditors?
They voided it
Why did Southern delegates meet at a convention in Nashville in the summer of 1850?
To unify their anti-compromise position
What was the first formal diplomatic agreement between the US and China?
Treaty of Wanghai
What were the results of Uncle Tom's Cabin?
Was a formidable anti-slavery political force
What did Buchanan decide on the Lecompton Constitution?
Was for it