Ch 18 and Ch 19

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What are the two ways the Industrial revolution caused the need for Europe to expand and take colonies?

1)need for resources 2)imperialism

What was the last country to abolish slavery?

Brazil in 1888

List the "Western" countries that were involved in colonizing Asia and Africa in the 1800's (19th century).

Britain, Spain, Portugal

What is the difference between colonialism and imperialism?

Colonialism is where one nation assumes control over the other and Imperialism refers to political or economic control, either formally or informally.

How did printing encourage the idea of nationalism and the formation of national idenetities

Enlightenment thinkers published papers encouraging these ideas

Give an example of nationalism unifying people into forming their own country or region

Italy and Germany both unified their fragmented kingdoms into a nation

In what ways did the Haitian revolution increase slavery in the Americas?

Napolean's defeat resulted in him selling Louisiana to the US, whch became a major plantation state

What was the first country to give women suffrage?

New Zealand in 1893

What impact did the HAitian revolution have in the carribbean

Slaves gained a new sense of insolence

How was the end of serfdom in Russia different than the abolition of slavery?

The end of serfdom gave peasants land formerly owned by nobles

How did ideas of the American revolution make their way to France?

Thousands of french soldiers had provided assistance to the colonists

Who was the leader of the Haitian revolution?

Toussaint Louverture

What countires' regions granted universal suffrage by 1914

West Europe, US, Argentina

Define patriarchy

a soceity in which men are considered the dominant race

What are some pros of political revolutions in the 19th century?

acted on basis of enlightenment ideals, new opportunities, beginnings of progressive societies.

What was the estates general?

an ancient french representative system for commoners and nobility

Define revolution

an overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system

After the loss of the NEw England colonies, where did Britain try to intervene?

asia

Describe the effects of the Spanish revolution on Native americans and slaves

benefited a little

How were women affected after the Spanish American Revolution

benefited little

What were some techniques employed by abolotionists

brought together secular, religious, economic, and political thinmking

What are some cons of political revolutions in the 19th century?

brutal suffering, little elevation of class differences

What were the three estates?

clergy, nobility, and commoners

What made Saint dominigue the richest colony?

coffee and sugar plantations

In what way could you argue that Latin America was still a "colony" of Europe and the United States even though it was politically independent?

dependent developments and investments

How did the enlightenment aid the beginnings of a feminist movement?

enlightement thinkers challenged traditional thinking

What were the major concerns of the feminist movement?

enlightenment thinkers challenged the traditional thinking of females as inferior

Define nationalism

feeling superiority based on one's country

Where did indentured serivtude come from?

free slaves did not accomplish political equality

Who was Napolean Bonaoarte?

french general who tamed the revolution by shifting focus to social equality

Explain how Napolean caused the Spanish American revolution

french revolution ideas

Why did women in France have more influence in politics after the revolution than women in America after the revolution

french women were more active than american women

How did revolutions in the Americas help support the growth of ideas of nationalism?

fueled on the ideas of independence and encouraged loyalty

Economically, what happened to Haiti after the revolution

great debt to france

Give an example of nationalism breaking a part empires

greeks and serbs used to gain independence from Ottoman Empire

Initially, how did European perceptions of others change in the 19th century?

imperialism caused derogatory views of others

Explain how the french revolution led to a slave rebellion in the french colony of haiti

it enlightened many slaves

Why can focusing on who developed or discovered something "first" be misleading?

it was the unexpected outcome of converging circumstances

In what ways were the North American colonists somewhat independent from Britain from the resoluton

local wealthy handowners created assemblies that were self-governing and contgrasted monarchy

Who was the enemy of the Spanish American revolutions

native spanish born elites

What groups resisted the abolition od slavery

plantation owners and slave traders

How did Chrustianity help end slavery?

quakers, protestants, anvangelicans in Britain and the US promoted slavery as a crime against God

define suffrage

right to vote

How did the Islamic world approach the ending of slavery?

slavery was outlawed gradually in the 20th century

List some of the methods used by feminists?

temperance movements, abolitionism, female charities, missionary work, socialist organizations

why did the British government suddenly tighten its grasp over North America?

the 7 year ware worsened the economy of Great Britain

Define popular sovereignity

the authority to govern comes from the people rather than god

How did the enlightenment influence the Spanish-American revolutions?

the creoles were aware of popular sovereignty and realized how supressed they were in the mainland

What was the major difference existing between american revolution and french revolution

the french driving conflicts were within the country

What enlightenment ideas helped shape the atlantic revolutions

the idea that human political and social arrangements could be engineered by human action

What group in soceity gained the most from the democratic revolutions that occured in the Atlantic?

the once ignored groups such as women, Native Americans and slaves

Why did the revolutions in South America cover so much less than the American revolution

the south american colonies were governed and forced to take action

How did the Enlightenment help end slavery?

the thinkers were concerned with natural rights

What actions launched the French Revolution?

the third estate made themselves the national assembly

Explain how nationalism fueled the desire for colonies.

the unified connection of nationalism allowed for the colonies to expand their power.

Define nativism?

theory of protecting native borns

How did europeans justify colonizing Africa after losing colonies in America?

they needed to emancipate enslaved africans

What are some examples of progress in women's rights by 1900?

upper and middle class women went to universities, female literacy grew, some states allowed women to own property and earn separate wages, new divorce laws

What 2 groups still weren't allowed to participate in politics after the revolution

women and non-property owners

How did women's status in france change in 1793

women were belittled when women's clubs were banned


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