CH 18 quiz
he following is a list of components of the renal tubule system. 1 - ascending limb of nephron loop 2 - ureter 3 - distal convoluted tubule 4 - descending limb of nephron loop 5 - minor calyx 6 - proximal convoluted tubule 7 - papillary duct 8 - renal pelvis Choose the correct order of components through which the initial filtrate of urine flows from the renal corpuscle and is conducted to the urethra to be excreted as urine.
6,4,1,3,7,5,8,2
Blood enters the glomerulus via the
Afferent arteriole
Seen in sections, the kidney is divided into
An outer cortex and an inner medulla
Which of the following will likely occur if glomerular blood pressure falls significantly?
Kidney filtration will stop
Which of the following is correct about the location of the kidney(s)?
The kidneys are bilateral and retroperitoneal.
If through injury, both the blood flow to the kidneys and the glomerular filtration pressure decrease, which of the following will likely occur?
The renin-angiotensin system will be activated.
Urine is temporarily stored by the
Urinary bladder
The primary function of the proximal convoluted tubule is
absorption of ions, organic molecules, vitamins, and water.
Potassium ion secretion along the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct is stimulated by
aldosterone.
ANP release is stimulated when
blood volume and blood pressure are too high
reabsorption of water and sodium ions
collecting ducts
Regulation of the amounts of water, sodium ions, and potassium ions lost in the urine occurs between the nephron loop and the
collecting system
reabsorption of sodium ions and secretion of acids
distal convoluted
ADH promotes increased water permeability of the
distal convoluted tubule.
The portion of the nephron that attaches to the collecting system is the
distal convoluted tubule.
Water movement between the ECF and ICF is called ________.
fluid shift
The cup-shaped chamber, or the expanded end of a nephron, is known as the
glomerular capsule
Which process is the vital first step essential to all kidney functions
glomerular filtration
The ball of capillaries that lies within the renal corpuscle is the
glomerulus
Which of the following are components of a renal corpuscle?
glomerulus and glomerular capsule
Urine production occurs in the
kidneys
Any condition accompanied by severe kidney damage can result in ________, the second most common acid-base disorder.
metabolic acidosis
A person who is suffering from bouts of repeated vomiting may risk developing a serious case of ________.
metabolic alkalosis
The basic functional unit in the kidney is the
nephron
To achieve fluid balance, ion concentration gradients are eliminated by
osmosis
Water reabsorption occurs passively through the process of
osmosis
conduction of urine to minor calyx
papillary duct
The principal cation in the ICF is
potassium
Intracellular fluid contains an abundance of
potassium and phosphate.
The kidneys
produce urine
The hormone ANP
promotes the dilation of glomerular capillaries
reabsorption of ions, vitamins, water, and organic molecules
proximal convoluted
Reabsorption of glucose occurs mostly in the
proximal convoluted tubule.
By adjusting the volume of water lost in urine, and releasing erythropoietin and renin, the urinary system specifically functions in
regulating blood pressure.
Each kidney receives blood from a(n)
renal artery
filtration of plasma to initiate urine formation tubule
renal corpuscle
In which renal component does urine production begin
renal cortex
The large, funnel-shaped chamber that connects to the ureter is called the
renal pelvis
Blood leaves the kidney via the
renal vein
Regarding sodium balance, which is(are) the most important site(s) for regulating sodium ion losses
the kidneys
Which of the following transports urine from the kidney toward the bladder?
ureter
Urine exits from the body via the
urethra
Organs of the urinary system that are actively involved with urine transport are the
urethra and ureters
