Ch. 19

Which of the following activities causes a cooling of Earth? a) Volcanic eruptions b) Emissions of anthropogenic greenhouse gases c) Evaporation of water vapor d) Combustion of fossil fuels e) Deforestation

a) Volcanic eruptions

Which statement about feedback loops that occur with climate change is true? a) All feedback loops are positive b) All feedback loops are negative c) Increased soil decomposition under warmer temperatures represents a positive feedback loop d) Increased evaporation under warmer temperatures represents a negative feedback loop e) Increased plant growth under higher CO2 concentrations represents a positive feedback loop

c) Increased soil decomposition under warmer temperatures represents a positive feedback loop

Which statement regarding the Kyoto Protocol is true? a) Developed and developing nations all agreed to reduce their emission of greenhouse gases b) All nations agreed to stop their emission of greenhouse gases c) The developed nations agreed to different levels of emission reductions d) Developing nations agreed to reduce their emission of greenhouse gases e) Developing nations agreed to stop their emission of greenhouse gases

c) The developed nations agreed to different levels of emission reductions.

Which statement about global warming is true? a) The planet is not warming b) The planet is warming, but humans have not played a role c) The planet has had many periods of warming and cooling in the past d) Greenhouse gases compose only a small fraction of the atmosphere, so they cannot be important in causing global warming e) Such small increases in average global temperatures could not cause any important effects on polar bears

c) The planet has had many periods of warming and cooling in the past

In regard to the greenhouse effect, which statement is not true? a) Ultraviolet and visible radiation are converted to infrared radiation at the surface of Earth b) Approximately one-third of the radiation of the Sun does not enter the atmosphere of Earth c) Infrared radiation is absorbed by greenhouse gases d) Greenhouse gases not historically present in atmosphere e) Ultraviolet radiation is absorbed by ozone.

d) Greenhouse gases were not historically present in the atmosphere

Which greenhouse gas is not correctly paired with one of its sources? a) Nitrous oxide : landfills b) Methane : termites c) Water vapor : evaporation d) Nitrous oxide : automobiles e) CO2 : deforestation

d) Nitrous oxide : automobiles

Which predicted consequence of global warming has not yet occurred? a) Melting ice caps b) Rising sea levels c) Melting permafrost d) Shutting down the thermohaline circulation of the ocean e) Altered breeding times and flowering times of animals and plants

d) Shutting down the thermohaline circulation of the ocean

Which sources of data have been used to assess changes in global CO2 and temperature? I Air bubbles in ice cores from glaciers II Thermometers placed around the globe III Carbon dioxide sensors placed around the globe a) I b) I and II c) I and III d) II and III e) I, II, III

e) I, II, III

Of the following factors, which ones are important when considering the effect of a greenhouse gas on global warming? I how much infrared radiation the gas can absorb II how long the gas remains in the atmosphere III concentration of the gas in the atmosphere a) I b) I and II c) I and III d) II and III e) I, II, and III

e) I, II, and III

Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas? a) Carbon dioxide b) Water vapor c) Methane d) Nitrous oxide e) Nitrogen

e) Nitrogen