homework 16
Which hormone specifically targets cells that produce hormones that affect glucose metabolism?
ACTH
Which of the following is an effect of renin released by endocrine cells in the kidney?
ADH secretion
Which endocrine effect on normal growth is correct?
If thyroid hormones are absent during fetal development or the first year of life, the nervous system will not develop normally, and mental retardation will result.
Part B Part complete Why are Tanya's cells starved for sugar (glucose) if there is so much glucose in the blood?
Tanya's cells don't recognize the messages telling them to let the glucose inside
Which is a characteristic of the exhaustion phase of the stress response?
The adrenal cortex stops producing glucocorticoids.
Which statement regarding thyroid hormones is true?
The bloodstream normally contains more than a week's supply of thyroid hormones.
Choose the correct statement regarding the mechanism of interaction for steroid hormones.
The hormones diffuse across the lipid part of the plasma membrane and bind to receptors in the cytoplasm or nucleus.
Prostaglandins are examples of which type of hormones?
eicosanoids
The resistance phase of the stress response involves __________.
elevation of blood glucose concentrations
In which mechanism of intercellular communication are target cells in distant tissues and organs?
endocrine communication
Which endocrine structure synthesizes hormones involved with fluid balance and smooth muscle contraction?
hypothalamus
Which of the following is an effect of thyroid hormones on peripheral tissues?
increased heart rate and force of contraction
Which outcome produces different, but complementary, effects in specific tissues and organs?
integrative effects
Type 1 diabetes __________.
is characterized by inadequate insulin production by the pancreatic beta cells
Which anterior pituitary hormone induces ovulation in females and stimulates sex hormone production by the interstitial cells of the testes in males?
luteinizing hormone (LH)
Activation of the renin-angiotensin system stimulates secretion of which adrenal gland hormone?
mineralocorticoid
Which is an effect of parathyroid hormone on peripheral tissues?
mobilizes calcium from bone
In which possible outcome is one hormone required for a second hormone to produce its effect?
permissive effects
Natriuretic peptides __________.
promote the loss of sodium and water at the kidneys
Oxytocin __________.
rises (in its concentration) during sexual arousal and peaks at orgasm in both sexes
Which is a function of melatonin in humans?
sets circadian rhythms
Somatomedins __________.
stimulate tissue growth by increasing amino acid uptake
Which structure secretes hormones involved in the stimulation and coordination of the immune response?
thymus
Glucocorticoids are released by the __________.
zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex
The development of pubic hair in boys and girls before puberty is an effect of hormones produced by which adrenal region?
zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex
Which cell population produces the hormone calcitonin?
C cells
What other symptom is Tanya likely experiencing as a result of diabetes that accounts for her high level of thirst?
Increased urination
Which pancreatic cell population functions in producing a hormone that inhibits gallbladder contractions?
PP cells
Which of the following is the best evidence that Tanya has Type 2 (not Type 1) diabetes mellitus?
She is 50-years old and out of shape
Cyclic AMP (cAMP):
acts as a second messenger.
Falling blood glucose levels will stimulate which endocrine cells of the pancreas to secrete glucagon?
alpha cells
Calcitonin:
can be administered clinically to treat several metabolic disorders associated with elevated calcium levels and excessive bone formation.