Ch. 23 General Senses
The primary mechanism of ___________________________appears to be an abnormal amplification of pain information processed in the CNS causing chronic and widespread musculoskeletal pain
Fibromyalgia
Define - Lamellar (Pacini) Corpuscles
Found in deep dermis and joint capsules
tactile stimulation of the skin by someone else
Krause end bulb
variant of meissner corpuscle that acts as a mechanoreceptor
Krause end bulb
Which of the following structures is a disc-shaped nerve ending that is responsible for discerning light touch? a. Merkel disks b. pacini corpuscles c. nociceptors d. golgi tendon receptors
a. merkel disks
Deep pain that develops slowly over time and travels over B fibers is also called______________________________ pain
Visceral
Propriceptors: a. function in relation to movements and body position b. are superficial c. are receptors for touch, pain, heat, and cold d. are widely distributed throughout the skin
a. function in relation to movements and body position
Which of the following is not a proprioceptor? a. muscle spindle b. root hair plexus c. golgi tendon receptor d. all of the above are proprioceptors
b. root hair plexus
Which of the following is not a general sense? a. touch b. taste c. temperature d. pain
b. taste
incapable of feeling painful stimuli
brain
Which of the following is not a true statement? a. mechanoreceptors are activated by stimuli that "deform" the receptor b. taste and smell are examples of chemoreceptors c. photoreceptors respond to light stimuli d. thermoreceptors are activated by pressure
d. thermoreceptors are activated by pressure
release occurs during allergic reaction
histamine
tactile sensation mediated by free nerve endings
itch
The inability of diabetics to sense pain on certain areas of the body surface is known as diabetic___________________________
neuropathy
The term__________________describes the free nerve endings that serve as the primary sensory receptors for pain
nociceptors
sensation is one of pain that may be caused by a toxic chemical
nociceptors
concentrated in the hypothalamus
osmoreceptors
found in the deep dermis of the skin and responds quickly to sensations of deep pressure
pacini corpuscle
What are the 6 classification of receptors by stimulus
1. Mechanoreceptors 2. Chemoreceptors 3. Thermoreceptors 4. Nociceptors 5. Photoreceptors 6. Osmoreceptors
If we not only remain aware of a particular sensation over time but also interpret what that sensation means in a larger context, the process is called adaptation
False
Mechanorecptors are activated by a change in temperature True or False?
False
Proprioception tells us at each moment the level of contraction and stretch in each of our skeletal muscles
False
Somatic sense receptors located in muscles and joints are called visceroreptors? True or False
False
golgi tendon organs
proprioceptors
A procedure to determine the density and distribution of general sense receptors is known as the three-point discrimination test
True
A receptor potential is a graded response that is to the strength of the stimulus True or False
True
Exteroceptors are often called cutaneous receptors because of their placement in the skin? True or False
True
Free nerve endings are the simplest, most common, and most widely distributed sensory receptors True or False?
True
Golgi tendon receptors are stimulated by excessive muscle contraction? True or False
True
Special sense receptors are grouped into localized areas
True
activated for sense of taste and smell
chemoreceptors
Define - Tactile (Meissner) Corpuscle
encapsulated nerve endings touch and pressure receptors
mediated by a free nerve ending called a "merkel disk"
light touch
activated by stimuli that "deform" or change the position of the receptor
mechanoreceptors
encapsulated tactile end organs
meissner corpuscle
found only in the eye
photoreceptors
muscle spindle
sense of proprioception carry messages to the brain about changes in muscle length
"Take you breath away" fast pain is also known as __________________pain
somatic
golgi tendon organs
stimulated by excessive contraction; when stimulated, they cause muscle to relax
Mediates sensations of heat and cold
thermoreceptor
activated by changes in temperature
thermoreceptors