Ch. 23 General Senses

The primary mechanism of ___________________________appears to be an abnormal amplification of pain information processed in the CNS causing chronic and widespread musculoskeletal pain

Fibromyalgia

Define - Lamellar (Pacini) Corpuscles

Found in deep dermis and joint capsules

tactile stimulation of the skin by someone else

Krause end bulb

variant of meissner corpuscle that acts as a mechanoreceptor

Krause end bulb

Which of the following structures is a disc-shaped nerve ending that is responsible for discerning light touch? a. Merkel disks b. pacini corpuscles c. nociceptors d. golgi tendon receptors

a. merkel disks

Deep pain that develops slowly over time and travels over B fibers is also called______________________________ pain

Visceral

Propriceptors: a. function in relation to movements and body position b. are superficial c. are receptors for touch, pain, heat, and cold d. are widely distributed throughout the skin

a. function in relation to movements and body position

Which of the following is not a proprioceptor? a. muscle spindle b. root hair plexus c. golgi tendon receptor d. all of the above are proprioceptors

b. root hair plexus

Which of the following is not a general sense? a. touch b. taste c. temperature d. pain

b. taste

incapable of feeling painful stimuli

brain

Which of the following is not a true statement? a. mechanoreceptors are activated by stimuli that "deform" the receptor b. taste and smell are examples of chemoreceptors c. photoreceptors respond to light stimuli d. thermoreceptors are activated by pressure

d. thermoreceptors are activated by pressure

release occurs during allergic reaction

histamine

tactile sensation mediated by free nerve endings

itch

The inability of diabetics to sense pain on certain areas of the body surface is known as diabetic___________________________

neuropathy

The term__________________describes the free nerve endings that serve as the primary sensory receptors for pain

nociceptors

sensation is one of pain that may be caused by a toxic chemical

nociceptors

concentrated in the hypothalamus

osmoreceptors

found in the deep dermis of the skin and responds quickly to sensations of deep pressure

pacini corpuscle

What are the 6 classification of receptors by stimulus

1. Mechanoreceptors 2. Chemoreceptors 3. Thermoreceptors 4. Nociceptors 5. Photoreceptors 6. Osmoreceptors

If we not only remain aware of a particular sensation over time but also interpret what that sensation means in a larger context, the process is called adaptation

False

Mechanorecptors are activated by a change in temperature True or False?

False

Proprioception tells us at each moment the level of contraction and stretch in each of our skeletal muscles

False

Somatic sense receptors located in muscles and joints are called visceroreptors? True or False

False

golgi tendon organs

proprioceptors

A procedure to determine the density and distribution of general sense receptors is known as the three-point discrimination test

True

A receptor potential is a graded response that is to the strength of the stimulus True or False

True

Exteroceptors are often called cutaneous receptors because of their placement in the skin? True or False

True

Free nerve endings are the simplest, most common, and most widely distributed sensory receptors True or False?

True

Golgi tendon receptors are stimulated by excessive muscle contraction? True or False

True

Special sense receptors are grouped into localized areas

True

activated for sense of taste and smell

chemoreceptors

Define - Tactile (Meissner) Corpuscle

encapsulated nerve endings touch and pressure receptors

mediated by a free nerve ending called a "merkel disk"

light touch

activated by stimuli that "deform" or change the position of the receptor

mechanoreceptors

encapsulated tactile end organs

meissner corpuscle

found only in the eye

photoreceptors

muscle spindle

sense of proprioception carry messages to the brain about changes in muscle length

"Take you breath away" fast pain is also known as __________________pain

somatic

golgi tendon organs

stimulated by excessive contraction; when stimulated, they cause muscle to relax

Mediates sensations of heat and cold

thermoreceptor

activated by changes in temperature

thermoreceptors