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A widespread response shown by Americans in the immediate aftermath of September 11 was:

all of the above. a new receptiveness to vigorous federal action. a surge of patriotic sentiment and national solidarity. a mix of rage, bewilderment, and anxiety.

In March 2003, with Great Britain as its sole significant ally, President Bush sent the U.S. military to attack Iraq, calling the war:

"Operation Iraqi Freedom."

In his run for the presidency of the United States, George W. Bush referred to himself as a:

"compassionate conservative."

In September 2002, the Bush administration released a document called the National Security Strategy, which announced a new foreign-policy principle called:

"preemptive" war.

Which was not one of the three countries identified by President George W. Bush as an "axis of evil"?

Afghanistan

In October 2001, the United States launched a war named "Enduring Freedom" against the Taliban in:

Afghanistan.

What is the name of the terrorist organization responsible for the attacks of September 11, 2001, that killed nearly 3,000 Americans?

Al Qaeda

Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence?

Al Qaeda bombing of U.S. embassies in Africa; Bush declaration of "war on terrorism"; Bush declaration of war on Afghanistan; Bush's "axis of evil" speech

In the aftermath of September 11, 2001, a new department in the federal government was created to coordinate efforts to improve security at home, called the:

Department of Homeland Security.

An immense influx of cheap goods from Europe slowed down the loss of manufacturing jobs in the United States and enabled Americans to keep buying.

False

In the year after September 11, evidence emerged of links between Al Qaeda and the Iraqi government of Saddam Hussein.

False

Obama was not the first black candidate to win the nomination of a major party.

False

President George W. Bush strongly supported the Kyoto Protocol of 1997, which sought to combat global warming.

False

Sarah Palin was the first woman vice presidential candidate on a U.S. major political party ticket.

False

While President Barack Obama supported the removal of economic inequity, he did not support efforts in greater access to health care and public education.

False

Which of the following U.S. presidents signed a $700 billion bank bailout, citing that these financial institutions were "too big to fail"?

George W. Bush

The three nations alleged by President Bush to constitute an "axis of evil" were:

Iran, Iraq, and North Korea.

What was the 2003 Supreme Court decision declaring unconstitutional a Texas law making homosexual acts a crime?

Lawrence v. Texas

The first woman Speaker of the United States House of Representatives was:

Nancy Pelosi.

Which of the following was not a new theme of American foreign policy announced by the Bush administration after September 11?

Now more than ever, America must honor the constraints of multilateral cooperation and international law.

Before becoming president, George W. Bush had been an executive in the oil industry.

True

Few presidents have come into office facing as serious a set of problems as Barack Obama.

True

In 2001, President George W. Bush persuaded Congress to enact the largest tax cut in American history.

True

In Hamdi v. Rumsfeld, the U.S. Supreme Court considered the lawsuit of Yasir Hamdi, an American citizen who had moved to Saudi Arabia and been captured in Afghanistan. Hamdi was imprisoned in a military jail in South Carolina without charge or the right to see a lawyer; and the Supreme Court ruled that he had a right to a judicial hearing regardless of the nation being in "a state of war."

True

In July 2010, Congress enacted a financial regulatory reform law, which sought to place under increased federal oversight many of the transactions that had helped create the economic crisis.

True

In November 2001, the Bush administration issued an executive order authorizing the holding of secret military tribunals for non-citizens deemed to have assisted in terrorism.

True

President George W. Bush made "freedom" the rallying cry for a nation at war following the attacks of September 11, 2001.

True

What country remained, in the early twenty-first century, the richest country in the world in all of human history?

United States

Which of the following was not a major theme of global alienation over Bush foreign policy?

When it comes to challenging brutal dictators, Bush is all talk and no action.

On September 11, 2001, planes controlled by terrorists crashed into all of the following except:

a bridge in Washington, D.C.

Which of the following was not a significant domestic development during the opening decade of the twenty-first century?

a steady rise in the level of federal taxes paid by wealthy Americans

On the morning of September 11, 2001, as the top floors of the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center were engulfed in flames by the terrorist attack, hundreds of New York City firefighters and police:

rushed into the towers in a rescue effort, and lost their lives when the towers collapsed.

Which was not a terrorist attack on the United States undertaken by Al Qaeda?

the October 1985 killing of an American aboard an Italian cruise ship

The USA Patriot Act conferred all of the following powers on law enforcement agencies except:

the necessity of obtaining a judicial warrant prior to spying on citizens.

After the Gulf War of 1991, Osama bin Laden declared war on America.

true

At least 60 percent of Americans were excited about the prospects they hoped were being brought by the 2008 Obama administration, including work to combat income inequality and lack of access to health care.

true

By 2009, one poll showed that of various social groups, bankers ranked third from the bottom in public esteem.

true

By the early twenty-first century, the United States was the world's only superpower.

true

Evidence of global warming first surfaced in the 1990s when scientists studying layers of ice in Greenland concluded that Earth's temperature had risen significantly during the past century.

true

Following September 11, Attorney General John Ashcroft asserted that critics of the Bush administration were assisting the terrorists.

true

Global warming is caused when gases released by burning fossil fuels such as coal and oil remain in the upper atmosphere, trapping heat reflected from Earth.

true

In 2003, the United States accounted for just under one-third of global economic output, and more than one-third of global military spending.

true

In March 2010, Congress passed a sweeping health-care bill that required all Americans to purchase health insurance and most businesses to provide it to their employees.

true

In Rasul v. Bush, the U.S. Supreme Court allowed a British citizen held at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, to challenge his incarceration in federal court.

true

In the aftermath of the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001, the country experienced a renewed feeling of common social purpose.

true

In the early twenty-first century, as the American people confronted the threat of terrorism, the need to properly balance freedom and security remained a central issue.

true

In the early twenty-first century, the United States far outpaced the rest of the world in every index of power—military, economic, and cultural.

true

Sonia Sotomayor was the first Hispanic and third woman in history to serve on the United States Supreme Court.

true

The Kyoto Protocol sought to combat world banking failure.

false

The federal deficit steadily diminished during Bush's first term.

false

Who was the oldest man ever to run for U.S. president?

John McCain

Who was the leader of Al Qaeda in 2001?

Osama bin Laden

Which of the following was not a focus of political debate during the first term of the Bush administration?

the importance of improving airport security

The 2003 Iraqi War marked a new departure from American foreign policy; previously, the United States had been reluctant to use force outside the Western Hemisphere except as part of an international coalition.

true

The United States and Iraq reached an agreement of complete removal of American troops by 2011 in the last months of George W. Bush's presidency.

true

Which of the following was not a significant point of dispute between supporters and opponents of the American war in Iraq?

whether Saddam Hussein was a humane and popular leader